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ISC CISSP Practice Test 14

Question 130

A previous security situation was: A software team has no visibility into transitive components incorporated into a sensitive appliance image. Now the requirement changes: A critical downstream dependency becomes unsupported with no available patch. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?

  1. Inspect only the top-level application version and assume embedded libraries are current.
  2. SBOM reconciliation ties releases to dependency versions and known-vulnerability review actions.
  3. Consider replacement, isolation and risk-owned exception before continued deployment.
  4. Require a maintained SBOM and risk-based vulnerability monitoring linked to component versions.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Loss of maintainer support calls for lifecycle treatment, not just routine patch scanning. The revised action is Consider replacement, isolation and risk-owned exception before continued deployment.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This remains inappropriate: Nested components can contain exploitable flaws even when the top-level package is supported.

B:

This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: SBOM reconciliation ties releases to dependency versions and known-vulnerability review actions.

D:

This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Component transparency supports timely detection of inherited vulnerable dependencies. It does not directly meet the new condition.

Question 131

A finance institution outsources print-and-mail account statements but supplier employees use uncontrolled removable drives. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?

  1. Require a maintained SBOM and risk-based vulnerability monitoring linked to component versions.
  2. Establish contractually enforceable data handling, encryption, custody and inspection requirements for the supplier.
  3. Send complete plaintext statements on untracked media and rely on supplier reputation.
  4. Perform fresh subvendor risk assessment and update custody/contract controls.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Supply-chain security includes how vendors physically handle sensitive data. This directly addresses the stated situation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This response addresses a different condition: A software team has no visibility into transitive components incorporated into a sensitive appliance image. The present case requires the measure described by Establish contractually enforceable data handling, encryption, custody and inspection requirements for the supplier.

C:

Reputation cannot substitute for accountable custody and data-protection controls. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.

D:

This is appropriate for a later condition (The printing vendor changes to a new subcontractor for overnight transport.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. A new tier in the supply chain changes who must protect and account for the media.

Question 132

A finance institution outsources print-and-mail account statements but supplier employees use uncontrolled removable drives. A designer proposes: Send complete plaintext statements on untracked media and rely on supplier reputation. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. Provenance and authenticity controls reduce risk of tampered supply-chain firmware.
  2. Reputation cannot substitute for accountable custody and data-protection controls.
  3. Unverified packages can introduce persistent malicious code through trusted update channels.
  4. A new tier in the supply chain changes who must protect and account for the media.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Reputation cannot substitute for accountable custody and data-protection controls. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is an advantage of another design (Require verified supplier-origin code signing and acceptance testing before deployment.), not the particular flaw of Send complete plaintext statements on untracked media and rely on supplier reputation.

C:

This is a limitation elsewhere: A defense contractor receives firmware updates from a component supplier without provenance or release signatures. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

D:

This explains a later shift in requirements (The printing vendor changes to a new subcontractor for overnight transport.), not the failure of the current proposal.

Question 133

A company repeats annual generic cyber training but phishing reports from finance staff remain late and inconsistent. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?

  1. Teach staff how to detect AI-generated social engineering and protect confidential prompts.
  2. Adopt constructive awareness messaging, safe reporting mechanisms and no-blame feedback on behaviors.
  3. Run role-based phishing exercises and reinforce prompt reporting with feedback metrics.
  4. Declare the awareness program successful because all employees clicked 'complete'.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Training should address realistic job-specific behavior rather than only course completion. This directly addresses the stated situation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is appropriate for a later condition (Finance begins using AI assistants to summarize emailed invoices.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. Emerging workflows create new misuse patterns not covered by traditional email exercises.

B:

This response addresses a different condition: A social-engineering drill humiliates employees who make mistakes and discourages genuine incident reports. The present case requires the measure described by Run role-based phishing exercises and reinforce prompt reporting with feedback metrics.

D:

Completion counts do not establish improved detection and escalation behavior. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.

Question 134

A company repeats annual generic cyber training but phishing reports from finance staff remain late and inconsistent. A designer proposes: Declare the awareness program successful because all employees clicked 'complete'. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. Emerging workflows create new misuse patterns not covered by traditional email exercises.
  2. Role-specific controls and feedback make secure habits observable in daily work.
  3. Completion counts do not establish improved detection and escalation behavior.
  4. Generic awareness without workflow control does not address repeated credential exposure.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Completion counts do not establish improved detection and escalation behavior. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This explains a later shift in requirements (Finance begins using AI assistants to summarize emailed invoices.), not the failure of the current proposal.

B:

This is an advantage of another design (Pair targeted developer secure-coding education with preventive secret scanning and measurable behavior checks.), not the particular flaw of Declare the awareness program successful because all employees clicked 'complete'.

D:

This is a limitation elsewhere: Privileged developers repeatedly commit access tokens even though they passed a security-awareness quiz. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

Question 135

A company repeats annual generic cyber training but phishing reports from finance staff remain late and inconsistent. The team must implement a defensible safeguard AND demonstrate that it works. Which TWO entries form that control-and-evidence pair? (Select TWO.)

  1. Measured time-to-report and appropriate response rates improve across validated exercises.
  2. Declare the awareness program successful because all employees clicked 'complete'.
  3. Teach staff how to detect AI-generated social engineering and protect confidential prompts.
  4. Adopt constructive awareness messaging, safe reporting mechanisms and no-blame feedback on behaviors.
  5. Run role-based phishing exercises and reinforce prompt reporting with feedback metrics.

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

Correct verification. The specific evidence is: Measured time-to-report and appropriate response rates improve across validated exercises.

E:

Correct control. Training should address realistic job-specific behavior rather than only course completion.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Completion counts do not establish improved detection and escalation behavior.

C:

This concerns a later and different need: Finance begins using AI assistants to summarize emailed invoices. Emerging workflows create new misuse patterns not covered by traditional email exercises.

D:

The proposed control fits another scenario: A social-engineering drill humiliates employees who make mistakes and discourages genuine incident reports. It does not directly address this scenario's primary requirement.

Question 136

A previous security situation was: A company repeats annual generic cyber training but phishing reports from finance staff remain late and inconsistent. Now the requirement changes: Finance begins using AI assistants to summarize emailed invoices. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?

  1. Declare the awareness program successful because all employees clicked 'complete'.
  2. Measured time-to-report and appropriate response rates improve across validated exercises.
  3. Teach staff how to detect AI-generated social engineering and protect confidential prompts.
  4. Run role-based phishing exercises and reinforce prompt reporting with feedback metrics.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Emerging workflows create new misuse patterns not covered by traditional email exercises. The revised action is Teach staff how to detect AI-generated social engineering and protect confidential prompts.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This remains inappropriate: Completion counts do not establish improved detection and escalation behavior.

B:

This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: Measured time-to-report and appropriate response rates improve across validated exercises.

D:

This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Training should address realistic job-specific behavior rather than only course completion. It does not directly meet the new condition.

Question 137

Privileged developers repeatedly commit access tokens even though they passed a security-awareness quiz. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?

  1. Run role-based phishing exercises and reinforce prompt reporting with feedback metrics.
  2. Pair targeted developer secure-coding education with preventive secret scanning and measurable behavior checks.
  3. Send another generic corporate video and ignore repository secret incidents.
  4. Update hands-on secret-handling guidance and validation for the new toolchain.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Role-specific controls and feedback make secure habits observable in daily work. This directly addresses the stated situation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This response addresses a different condition: A company repeats annual generic cyber training but phishing reports from finance staff remain late and inconsistent. The present case requires the measure described by Pair targeted developer secure-coding education with preventive secret scanning and measurable behavior checks.

C:

Generic awareness without workflow control does not address repeated credential exposure. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.

D:

This is appropriate for a later condition (An engineering team adopts a new CI/CD platform with different credential injection methods.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. Changed build workflows require updated training and technical practices.

Question 138

Privileged developers repeatedly commit access tokens even though they passed a security-awareness quiz. A designer proposes: Send another generic corporate video and ignore repository secret incidents. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. A learning culture encourages early reporting and improves security outcomes.
  2. Generic awareness without workflow control does not address repeated credential exposure.
  3. Punitive public scoring may suppress incident reports and create privacy concerns.
  4. Changed build workflows require updated training and technical practices.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Generic awareness without workflow control does not address repeated credential exposure. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is an advantage of another design (Adopt constructive awareness messaging, safe reporting mechanisms and no-blame feedback on behaviors.), not the particular flaw of Send another generic corporate video and ignore repository secret incidents.

C:

This is a limitation elsewhere: A social-engineering drill humiliates employees who make mistakes and discourages genuine incident reports. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

D:

This explains a later shift in requirements (An engineering team adopts a new CI/CD platform with different credential injection methods.), not the failure of the current proposal.

Question 139

Privileged developers repeatedly commit access tokens even though they passed a security-awareness quiz. The organization has now implemented this response: Pair targeted developer secure-coding education with preventive secret scanning and measurable behavior checks. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?

  1. An approved change ticket for Pair targeted developer secure-coding education with preventive secret scanning and measurable behavior checks. without a completed verification result.
  2. Secret leak frequency, remediation time and presubmit blocking rates improve after training.
  3. Measured time-to-report and appropriate response rates improve across validated exercises.
  4. Confidential surveys and reporting data show higher appropriate reporting without concealment.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Secret leak frequency, remediation time and presubmit blocking rates improve after training. This validates that role-specific controls and feedback make secure habits observable in daily work.

Incorrect Answers

A:

An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is Secret leak frequency, remediation time and presubmit blocking rates improve after training.

C:

This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A company repeats annual generic cyber training but phishing reports from finance staff remain late and inconsistent.

D:

This other observation is relevant to: A social-engineering drill humiliates employees who make mistakes and discourages genuine incident reports.

Question 140

A previous security situation was: Privileged developers repeatedly commit access tokens even though they passed a security-awareness quiz. Now the requirement changes: An engineering team adopts a new CI/CD platform with different credential injection methods. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?

  1. Secret leak frequency, remediation time and presubmit blocking rates improve after training.
  2. Update hands-on secret-handling guidance and validation for the new toolchain.
  3. Pair targeted developer secure-coding education with preventive secret scanning and measurable behavior checks.
  4. Send another generic corporate video and ignore repository secret incidents.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Changed build workflows require updated training and technical practices. The revised action is Update hands-on secret-handling guidance and validation for the new toolchain.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: Secret leak frequency, remediation time and presubmit blocking rates improve after training.

C:

This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Role-specific controls and feedback make secure habits observable in daily work. It does not directly meet the new condition.

D:

This remains inappropriate: Generic awareness without workflow control does not address repeated credential exposure.

Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) Practice Tests