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ISC CISSP Practice Test 13

Question 120

A defense contractor receives firmware updates from a component supplier without provenance or release signatures. A designer proposes: Flash firmware from an unauthenticated email attachment because it claims to be urgent. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. Unverified packages can introduce persistent malicious code through trusted update channels.
  2. Subprocessor gaps remain unless scope and responsibilities are verified.
  3. Physical sourcing changes introduce new supply-chain threats beyond firmware integrity.
  4. Third-party assurance must cover the full data-processing chain and assign responsibilities.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Unverified packages can introduce persistent malicious code through trusted update channels. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This is a limitation elsewhere: A hospital buys a managed analytics service but has no evidence that its subprocessors protect confidential records. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

C:

This explains a later shift in requirements (The supplier later changes an upstream chip manufacturing site.), not the failure of the current proposal.

D:

This is an advantage of another design (Assess service-provider and subprocessor security obligations with contractual audit and incident requirements.), not the particular flaw of Flash firmware from an unauthenticated email attachment because it claims to be urgent.

Question 121

A defense contractor receives firmware updates from a component supplier without provenance or release signatures. The organization has now implemented this response: Require verified supplier-origin code signing and acceptance testing before deployment. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?

  1. Acceptance records confirm supplier signatures, hashes, device models and controlled rollout results.
  2. SBOM reconciliation ties releases to dependency versions and known-vulnerability review actions.
  3. Sampled transfer manifests, encryption records and audit results prove contractual compliance.
  4. An approved change ticket for Require verified supplier-origin code signing and acceptance testing before deployment. without a completed verification result.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Acceptance records confirm supplier signatures, hashes, device models and controlled rollout results. This validates that provenance and authenticity controls reduce risk of tampered supply-chain firmware.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A software team has no visibility into transitive components incorporated into a sensitive appliance image.

C:

This other observation is relevant to: A finance institution outsources print-and-mail account statements but supplier employees use uncontrolled removable drives. In the current case, the assessed requirement is: A defense contractor receives firmware updates from a component supplier without provenance or release signatures. The organization has now implemented this response: Require verified supplier-origin code signing and acceptance testing before deployment. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met.

D:

An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is Acceptance records confirm supplier signatures, hashes, device models and controlled rollout results.

Question 122

A previous security situation was: A defense contractor receives firmware updates from a component supplier without provenance or release signatures. Now the requirement changes: The supplier later changes an upstream chip manufacturing site. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?

  1. Reassess manufacturing provenance and associated contractual assurance evidence.
  2. Require verified supplier-origin code signing and acceptance testing before deployment.
  3. Flash firmware from an unauthenticated email attachment because it claims to be urgent.
  4. Acceptance records confirm supplier signatures, hashes, device models and controlled rollout results.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Physical sourcing changes introduce new supply-chain threats beyond firmware integrity. The revised action is Reassess manufacturing provenance and associated contractual assurance evidence.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Provenance and authenticity controls reduce risk of tampered supply-chain firmware. It does not directly meet the new condition.

C:

This remains inappropriate: Unverified packages can introduce persistent malicious code through trusted update channels.

D:

This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: Acceptance records confirm supplier signatures, hashes, device models and controlled rollout results.

Question 123

A hospital buys a managed analytics service but has no evidence that its subprocessors protect confidential records. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?

  1. Assume a primary provider's marketing statement covers all subcontractor controls.
  2. Re-evaluate lawful transfer mechanisms, localization controls and supplier approvals.
  3. Require verified supplier-origin code signing and acceptance testing before deployment.
  4. Assess service-provider and subprocessor security obligations with contractual audit and incident requirements.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Third-party assurance must cover the full data-processing chain and assign responsibilities. This directly addresses the stated situation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Subprocessor gaps remain unless scope and responsibilities are verified. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.

B:

This is appropriate for a later condition (One subprocessor begins exporting data to a new geography.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. New processing geography changes privacy and contract risk even where security assurances were formerly adequate.

C:

This response addresses a different condition: A defense contractor receives firmware updates from a component supplier without provenance or release signatures. The present case requires the measure described by Assess service-provider and subprocessor security obligations with contractual audit and incident requirements.

Question 124

A hospital buys a managed analytics service but has no evidence that its subprocessors protect confidential records. A designer proposes: Assume a primary provider's marketing statement covers all subcontractor controls. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. Nested components can contain exploitable flaws even when the top-level package is supported.
  2. New processing geography changes privacy and contract risk even where security assurances were formerly adequate.
  3. Component transparency supports timely detection of inherited vulnerable dependencies.
  4. Subprocessor gaps remain unless scope and responsibilities are verified.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Subprocessor gaps remain unless scope and responsibilities are verified. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is a limitation elsewhere: A software team has no visibility into transitive components incorporated into a sensitive appliance image. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

B:

This explains a later shift in requirements (One subprocessor begins exporting data to a new geography.), not the failure of the current proposal.

C:

This is an advantage of another design (Require a maintained SBOM and risk-based vulnerability monitoring linked to component versions.), not the particular flaw of Assume a primary provider's marketing statement covers all subcontractor controls.

Question 125

A hospital buys a managed analytics service but has no evidence that its subprocessors protect confidential records. The organization has now implemented this response: Assess service-provider and subprocessor security obligations with contractual audit and incident requirements. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?

  1. Sampled transfer manifests, encryption records and audit results prove contractual compliance.
  2. Acceptance records confirm supplier signatures, hashes, device models and controlled rollout results.
  3. An approved change ticket for Assess service-provider and subprocessor security obligations with contractual audit and incident requirements. without a completed verification result.
  4. A supplier assurance matrix lists subprocessors, data access, flow-down controls and review results.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

A supplier assurance matrix lists subprocessors, data access, flow-down controls and review results. This validates that third-party assurance must cover the full data-processing chain and assign responsibilities.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A finance institution outsources print-and-mail account statements but supplier employees use uncontrolled removable drives.

B:

This other observation is relevant to: A defense contractor receives firmware updates from a component supplier without provenance or release signatures.

C:

An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is A supplier assurance matrix lists subprocessors, data access, flow-down controls and review results.

Question 126

A previous security situation was: A hospital buys a managed analytics service but has no evidence that its subprocessors protect confidential records. Now the requirement changes: One subprocessor begins exporting data to a new geography. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?

  1. Assess service-provider and subprocessor security obligations with contractual audit and incident requirements.
  2. Assume a primary provider's marketing statement covers all subcontractor controls.
  3. A supplier assurance matrix lists subprocessors, data access, flow-down controls and review results.
  4. Re-evaluate lawful transfer mechanisms, localization controls and supplier approvals.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

New processing geography changes privacy and contract risk even where security assurances were formerly adequate. The revised action is Re-evaluate lawful transfer mechanisms, localization controls and supplier approvals.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Third-party assurance must cover the full data-processing chain and assign responsibilities. It does not directly meet the new condition.

B:

This remains inappropriate: Subprocessor gaps remain unless scope and responsibilities are verified.

C:

This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: A supplier assurance matrix lists subprocessors, data access, flow-down controls and review results.

Question 127

A software team has no visibility into transitive components incorporated into a sensitive appliance image. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?

  1. Consider replacement, isolation and risk-owned exception before continued deployment.
  2. Assess service-provider and subprocessor security obligations with contractual audit and incident requirements.
  3. Require a maintained SBOM and risk-based vulnerability monitoring linked to component versions.
  4. Inspect only the top-level application version and assume embedded libraries are current.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Component transparency supports timely detection of inherited vulnerable dependencies. This directly addresses the stated situation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is appropriate for a later condition (A critical downstream dependency becomes unsupported with no available patch.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. Loss of maintainer support calls for lifecycle treatment, not just routine patch scanning.

B:

This response addresses a different condition: A hospital buys a managed analytics service but has no evidence that its subprocessors protect confidential records. The present case requires the measure described by Require a maintained SBOM and risk-based vulnerability monitoring linked to component versions.

D:

Nested components can contain exploitable flaws even when the top-level package is supported. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.

Question 128

A software team has no visibility into transitive components incorporated into a sensitive appliance image. A designer proposes: Inspect only the top-level application version and assume embedded libraries are current. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. Loss of maintainer support calls for lifecycle treatment, not just routine patch scanning.
  2. Supply-chain security includes how vendors physically handle sensitive data.
  3. Nested components can contain exploitable flaws even when the top-level package is supported.
  4. Reputation cannot substitute for accountable custody and data-protection controls.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Nested components can contain exploitable flaws even when the top-level package is supported. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This explains a later shift in requirements (A critical downstream dependency becomes unsupported with no available patch.), not the failure of the current proposal.

B:

This is an advantage of another design (Establish contractually enforceable data handling, encryption, custody and inspection requirements for the supplier.), not the particular flaw of Inspect only the top-level application version and assume embedded libraries are current.

D:

This is a limitation elsewhere: A finance institution outsources print-and-mail account statements but supplier employees use uncontrolled removable drives. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

Question 129

A software team has no visibility into transitive components incorporated into a sensitive appliance image. The organization has now implemented this response: Require a maintained SBOM and risk-based vulnerability monitoring linked to component versions. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?

  1. A supplier assurance matrix lists subprocessors, data access, flow-down controls and review results.
  2. An approved change ticket for Require a maintained SBOM and risk-based vulnerability monitoring linked to component versions. without a completed verification result.
  3. SBOM reconciliation ties releases to dependency versions and known-vulnerability review actions.
  4. Acceptance records confirm supplier signatures, hashes, device models and controlled rollout results.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

SBOM reconciliation ties releases to dependency versions and known-vulnerability review actions. This validates that component transparency supports timely detection of inherited vulnerable dependencies.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This other observation is relevant to: A hospital buys a managed analytics service but has no evidence that its subprocessors protect confidential records.

B:

An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is SBOM reconciliation ties releases to dependency versions and known-vulnerability review actions.

D:

This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A defense contractor receives firmware updates from a component supplier without provenance or release signatures.

Question 130

A previous security situation was: A software team has no visibility into transitive components incorporated into a sensitive appliance image. Now the requirement changes: A critical downstream dependency becomes unsupported with no available patch. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?

  1. Inspect only the top-level application version and assume embedded libraries are current.
  2. SBOM reconciliation ties releases to dependency versions and known-vulnerability review actions.
  3. Consider replacement, isolation and risk-owned exception before continued deployment.
  4. Require a maintained SBOM and risk-based vulnerability monitoring linked to component versions.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Loss of maintainer support calls for lifecycle treatment, not just routine patch scanning. The revised action is Consider replacement, isolation and risk-owned exception before continued deployment.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This remains inappropriate: Nested components can contain exploitable flaws even when the top-level package is supported.

B:

This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: SBOM reconciliation ties releases to dependency versions and known-vulnerability review actions.

D:

This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Component transparency supports timely detection of inherited vulnerable dependencies. It does not directly meet the new condition.

Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) Practice Tests