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Microsoft DP-900 Practice Test 2

Question 10

A project needs a new table with defined keys and constraints. Which principle BEST explains the correct CREATE ALTER DROP DDL design decision?

  1. Foreign keys protect cross-table references to parent keys.
  2. At-rest encryption and TLS-in-transit protect different surfaces.
  3. Managed database backups support restore windows but still require planning and testing.
  4. Data definition language defines database objects and structure.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Data definition language defines database objects and structure. In this case the applicable decision is to use CREATE or ALTER as appropriate for relational schema changes.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That concept explains Foreign key referential integrity; the situation instead concerns CREATE ALTER DROP DDL.

B:

That concept explains Transparent data encryption versus query TLS; the situation instead concerns CREATE ALTER DROP DDL.

C:

That concept explains Azure SQL Database backup PITR; the situation instead concerns CREATE ALTER DROP DDL.

Question 11

Analysts need consistent snapshot reads while a Spark job writes new table files. After selecting the proper Delta Lake transactional table metadata approach, which observation gives the clearest evidence of success?

  1. Separate bursts form distinct sessions after gaps exceed policy.
  2. True abnormal sequences alert while known noise is handled.
  3. Measures aggregate predictably across filters and dates.
  4. Readers see consistent committed versions of table data.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Readers see consistent committed versions of table data. This is the directly observable result for Delta Lake transactional table metadata; delta tables add transactional metadata and versioning on lake files.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Separate bursts form distinct sessions after gaps exceed policy. This supports Session windows of event activity, not confirmation of Delta Lake transactional table metadata. The relevant evidence is that readers see consistent committed versions of table data.

B:

True abnormal sequences alert while known noise is handled. This supports Streaming anomaly detection and false positives, not confirmation of Delta Lake transactional table metadata. The relevant evidence is that readers see consistent committed versions of table data.

C:

Measures aggregate predictably across filters and dates. This supports Star schema analytical query model, not confirmation of Delta Lake transactional table metadata. The relevant evidence is that readers see consistent committed versions of table data.

Question 12

A compliance team needs to see database access and sensitive changes. If the relevant Azure SQL auditing and least privilege safeguard is skipped, which failure is MOST directly associated with that omission?

  1. Treating PostgreSQL as SQL Server may break functions and drivers.
  2. Unstable ordering across ties can skip or repeat rows.
  3. Logging without access control still permits overprivileged changes.
  4. Unvalidated concatenation inside procedures can still create injection risk.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Logging without access control still permits overprivileged changes. Database auditing provides evidence while database roles govern permissions. A suitable check is to test allowed reads denied writes and resulting audit records.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Treating PostgreSQL as SQL Server may break functions and drivers. This failure is associated with Azure Database for PostgreSQL Flexible Server; it is not the primary failure in the stated Azure SQL auditing and least privilege scenario. Database auditing provides evidence while database roles govern permissions.

B:

Unstable ordering across ties can skip or repeat rows. This failure is associated with SQL ORDER BY pagination stability; it is not the primary failure in the stated Azure SQL auditing and least privilege scenario. Database auditing provides evidence while database roles govern permissions.

D:

Unvalidated concatenation inside procedures can still create injection risk. This failure is associated with Stored procedure reusable server operation; it is not the primary failure in the stated Azure SQL auditing and least privilege scenario. Database auditing provides evidence while database roles govern permissions.

Question 13

A recovery planner must choose local redundancy versus geographic replication. During testing, the team observes this specific failure: Treating LRS as automatic cross-region replication can leave regional exposure. Which corrective check should be performed FIRST?

  1. Assume selecting LRS automatically writes every object into another Azure region.
  2. Use Blob versioning where supported and protect earlier object versions.
  3. Map selected redundancy to failure-domain and restore requirements.
  4. Configure supported time to live settings for eligible items or containers.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Map selected redundancy to failure-domain and restore requirements. A successful correction should demonstrate that recovery expectations match documented replica placement and failover support.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Assume selecting LRS automatically writes every object into another Azure region. This reinforces the error rather than addressing the Azure Storage LRS ZRS GRS distinctions failure. LRS ZRS and GRS provide different durability placement rather than identical recovery promises.

B:

Use Blob versioning where supported and protect earlier object versions. It serves Blob versioning on overwrite, not the diagnosed Azure Storage LRS ZRS GRS distinctions problem. Treating LRS as automatic cross-region replication can leave regional exposure.

D:

Configure supported time to live settings for eligible items or containers. It serves Cosmos DB TTL document expiration, not the diagnosed Azure Storage LRS ZRS GRS distinctions problem. Treating LRS as automatic cross-region replication can leave regional exposure.

Question 14

A file-based analytics table is corrupted by partial append attempts. What is the MOST appropriate next validation or correction?

  1. Rename all .parquet filenames to .delta and assume transactions are enabled.
  2. Test known event timestamps against expected overlapping windows.
  3. Test operations under viewer versus contributor identities and observe capacity.
  4. Rehearse a failed write and inspect committed version visibility.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Rehearse a failed write and inspect committed version visibility. This tests the intended result: readers see consistent committed versions of table data.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Rename all .parquet filenames to .delta and assume transactions are enabled. This unsafe shortcut leaves the Delta Lake transactional table metadata problem unresolved. Treating loose Parquet files as transactional Delta tables can expose partial results.

B:

Test known event timestamps against expected overlapping windows. It tests Hopping sliding analytic windows rather than the critical Delta Lake transactional table metadata behavior. Delta tables add transactional metadata and versioning on lake files.

C:

Test operations under viewer versus contributor identities and observe capacity. It tests Fabric workspace permissions and capacity rather than the critical Delta Lake transactional table metadata behavior. Delta tables add transactional metadata and versioning on lake files.

Question 15

A workflow must react when product documents change. After selecting the proper Cosmos DB change feed updates approach, which observation gives the clearest evidence of success?

  1. Hot items stay online while archive objects follow explicit rehydration process.
  2. Authorized clients retrieve the correct binary object using its blob address.
  3. Old session documents disappear according to TTL policy.
  4. Downstream reflects expected eligible changes without repeated full scans.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Downstream reflects expected eligible changes without repeated full scans. This is the directly observable result for Cosmos DB change feed updates; change feeds support incremental change-driven processing with defined change semantics.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Hot items stay online while archive objects follow explicit rehydration process. This supports Hot cool cold and archive blob tiers, not confirmation of Cosmos DB change feed updates. The relevant evidence is that downstream reflects expected eligible changes without repeated full scans.

B:

Authorized clients retrieve the correct binary object using its blob address. This supports Blob storage object and container hierarchy, not confirmation of Cosmos DB change feed updates. The relevant evidence is that downstream reflects expected eligible changes without repeated full scans.

C:

Old session documents disappear according to TTL policy. This supports Cosmos DB TTL document expiration, not confirmation of Cosmos DB change feed updates. The relevant evidence is that downstream reflects expected eligible changes without repeated full scans.

Question 16

A workflow must react when product documents change. If the relevant Cosmos DB change feed updates safeguard is skipped, which failure is MOST directly associated with that omission?

  1. Overly long or permissive SAS tokens expose data if forwarded.
  2. Treating virtual folder name prefixes as identical to hierarchical directory ACLs can fail.
  3. Immediate unbounded retries can increase pressure and latency.
  4. Ignoring checkpoints may duplicate downstream actions on retries.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Ignoring checkpoints may duplicate downstream actions on retries. Change feeds support incremental change-driven processing with defined change semantics. A suitable check is to simulate item creation/update and inspect processor checkpoints.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Overly long or permissive SAS tokens expose data if forwarded. This failure is associated with Blob SAS delegated access; it is not the primary failure in the stated Cosmos DB change feed updates scenario. Change feeds support incremental change-driven processing with defined change semantics.

B:

Treating virtual folder name prefixes as identical to hierarchical directory ACLs can fail. This failure is associated with ADLS Gen2 hierarchical namespace; it is not the primary failure in the stated Cosmos DB change feed updates scenario. Change feeds support incremental change-driven processing with defined change semantics.

C:

Immediate unbounded retries can increase pressure and latency. This failure is associated with Cosmos DB 429 throttling retries; it is not the primary failure in the stated Cosmos DB change feed updates scenario. Change feeds support incremental change-driven processing with defined change semantics.

Question 17

Slow SQL queries cause a billing application to time out. Which choice BEST meets this requirement?

  1. Analyze execution plans indexes and database workload metrics.
  2. Keep related short business writes in an atomic transaction.
  3. Give data engineers responsibility for ingestion orchestration and transformation pipelines.
  4. Diagnose every SQL timeout by changing a Power BI chart color.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

DBAs tune database performance as well as maintaining access and reliability.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Keep related short business writes in an atomic transaction. That action primarily handles OLTP atomic purchase transaction; the given requirement is DBA performance tuning and indexing. DBAs tune database performance as well as maintaining access and reliability.

C:

Give data engineers responsibility for ingestion orchestration and transformation pipelines. That action primarily handles Data engineer ingestion pipeline; the given requirement is DBA performance tuning and indexing. DBAs tune database performance as well as maintaining access and reliability.

D:

Diagnose every SQL timeout by changing a Power BI chart color. It does not implement DBA performance tuning and indexing. Adding random indexes can increase write cost without fixing the bottleneck.

Question 18

An IoT system must govern which physical device can send event readings. During testing, the team observes this specific failure: A generic anonymous event endpoint may not satisfy per-device identity policies. Which corrective check should be performed FIRST?

  1. Test one authorized and one revoked device connection.
  2. Use Power Query transformations with explicit type conversion and reusable steps.
  3. Use a CSV filename as an IoT device authentication credential.
  4. Use a tumbling window aggregation with suitable event-time semantics.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Test one authorized and one revoked device connection. A successful correction should demonstrate that approved device identities send telemetry while revoked devices are rejected.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Use Power Query transformations with explicit type conversion and reusable steps. It serves Power Query shaping transformation, not the diagnosed Azure IoT Hub device messaging problem. A generic anonymous event endpoint may not satisfy per-device identity policies.

C:

Use a CSV filename as an IoT device authentication credential. This reinforces the error rather than addressing the Azure IoT Hub device messaging failure. IoT Hub adds device management and identities around IoT messages.

D:

Use a tumbling window aggregation with suitable event-time semantics. It serves Tumbling time windows, not the diagnosed Azure IoT Hub device messaging problem. A generic anonymous event endpoint may not satisfy per-device identity policies.

Question 19

A workload requires custom OS access unlike another fully managed database. Which choice BEST meets this requirement?

  1. Pick Azure SQL solely because all three offerings have SQL in their names.
  2. Compare feature compatibility and operational ownership before choosing a SQL deployment.
  3. Use the supported Azure SQL point-in-time restore mechanism and validate recovery.
  4. Denormalize only selected analytical attributes with a refresh consistency plan.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Deployment models trade managed convenience for operating-system and instance control.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Pick Azure SQL solely because all three offerings have SQL in their names. It does not implement SQL deployment choice by control plane. Selecting PaaS for unsupported low-level dependencies breaks the app.

C:

Use the supported Azure SQL point-in-time restore mechanism and validate recovery. That action primarily handles Azure SQL Database backup PITR; the given requirement is SQL deployment choice by control plane. Deployment models trade managed convenience for operating-system and instance control.

D:

Denormalize only selected analytical attributes with a refresh consistency plan. That action primarily handles Denormalization for analytics tradeoff; the given requirement is SQL deployment choice by control plane. Deployment models trade managed convenience for operating-system and instance control.

Question 20

A spreadsheet import truncates zeros when a product code is treated as a number. Which principle BEST explains the correct Data types in tabular files design decision?

  1. Lakehouses combine file-based storage with table-oriented analytics patterns.
  2. Blob is object storage rather than a shared SMB file system.
  3. Identifier digits are not necessarily numbers with arithmetic meaning.
  4. JSON arrays hold ordered elements whereas objects group named properties.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Identifier digits are not necessarily numbers with arithmetic meaning. In this case the applicable decision is to preserve identifiers as strings and arithmetic quantities as numeric types.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Lakehouses combine file-based storage with table-oriented analytics patterns. That concept explains Lakehouse for files plus SQL analytics; the situation instead concerns Data types in tabular files. Automatic numeric coercion can merge distinct product identifiers.

B:

Blob is object storage rather than a shared SMB file system. That concept explains Azure Blob Storage for object data; the situation instead concerns Data types in tabular files. Automatic numeric coercion can merge distinct product identifiers.

D:

JSON arrays hold ordered elements whereas objects group named properties. That concept explains JSON arrays and nested objects; the situation instead concerns Data types in tabular files. Automatic numeric coercion can merge distinct product identifiers.

Microsoft Azure Data Fundamentals (DP-900) Practice Tests