ISC CISSP Practice Test 77
Question 760
A previous security situation was: A vendor publishes a critical patch affecting an internet-exposed authentication gateway, while internal low-risk servers have routine updates pending. Now the requirement changes: A legacy gateway cannot accept the patch until its dependent driver is replaced. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?
- Deploy time-bound isolation and compensating control with owner-approved replacement.
- Prioritize the externally exploitable gateway with emergency change and rollback controls.
- Patch machines in alphabetical order regardless of exploitation risk.
- Gateway version, vulnerability scans and negative exploit tests confirm remediation.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Patch infeasibility calls for documented interim risk reduction rather than silent acceptance. The revised action is Deploy time-bound isolation and compensating control with owner-approved replacement.
Incorrect Answers
B:This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Exposure and exploitability often outweigh an undifferentiated patch age metric. It does not directly meet the new condition.
C:This remains inappropriate: Arbitrary ordering leaves high-consequence attack paths open unnecessarily.
D:This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: Gateway version, vulnerability scans and negative exploit tests confirm remediation.
Question 761
A vulnerability scanner reports a critical library on a decommissioned host whose management interface no longer exists. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?
- Treat every historical scanner record as a current internet-exposed vulnerability.
- Reassess and patch the active application based on real exposure.
- Prioritize the externally exploitable gateway with emergency change and rollback controls.
- Verify asset existence, exploitability and exposure before prioritizing the finding.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Remediation should be based on accurate inventory and verified paths. This directly addresses the stated situation.
Incorrect Answers
A:Stale assets distort risk and waste remediation capacity. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.
B:This is appropriate for a later condition (A live production service using the same library is discovered during reconciliation.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. The verified live dependency becomes a distinct risk requiring action.
C:This response addresses a different condition: A vendor publishes a critical patch affecting an internet-exposed authentication gateway, while internal low-risk servers have routine updates pending. The present case requires the measure described by Verify asset existence, exploitability and exposure before prioritizing the finding.
Question 762
A vulnerability scanner reports a critical library on a decommissioned host whose management interface no longer exists. A designer proposes: Treat every historical scanner record as a current internet-exposed vulnerability. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?
- Unbounded acceptance ignores changing threats and accountabilities.
- The verified live dependency becomes a distinct risk requiring action.
- Exception governance prevents known exposures becoming permanent unreviewed weaknesses.
- Stale assets distort risk and waste remediation capacity.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Stale assets distort risk and waste remediation capacity. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.
Incorrect Answers
A:This is a limitation elsewhere: An application team repeatedly receives temporary vulnerability exceptions with no expiry or documented business owner. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.
B:This explains a later shift in requirements (A live production service using the same library is discovered during reconciliation.), not the failure of the current proposal.
C:This is an advantage of another design (Require risk-owner approval, compensating measures and expiration-triggered reassessment.), not the particular flaw of Treat every historical scanner record as a current internet-exposed vulnerability.
Question 763
A vulnerability scanner reports a critical library on a decommissioned host whose management interface no longer exists. The organization has now implemented this response: Verify asset existence, exploitability and exposure before prioritizing the finding. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?
- Gateway version, vulnerability scans and negative exploit tests confirm remediation.
- Exception reports show owner decisions, compensating tests and closure dates.
- An approved change ticket for Verify asset existence, exploitability and exposure before prioritizing the finding. without a completed verification result.
- Asset records and fresh validation demonstrate the host has been securely retired.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Asset records and fresh validation demonstrate the host has been securely retired. This validates that remediation should be based on accurate inventory and verified paths.
Incorrect Answers
A:This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A vendor publishes a critical patch affecting an internet-exposed authentication gateway, while internal low-risk servers have routine updates pending.
B:This other observation is relevant to: An application team repeatedly receives temporary vulnerability exceptions with no expiry or documented business owner.
C:An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is Asset records and fresh validation demonstrate the host has been securely retired.
Question 764
A previous security situation was: A vulnerability scanner reports a critical library on a decommissioned host whose management interface no longer exists. Now the requirement changes: A live production service using the same library is discovered during reconciliation. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?
- Verify asset existence, exploitability and exposure before prioritizing the finding.
- Treat every historical scanner record as a current internet-exposed vulnerability.
- Asset records and fresh validation demonstrate the host has been securely retired.
- Reassess and patch the active application based on real exposure.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The verified live dependency becomes a distinct risk requiring action. The revised action is Reassess and patch the active application based on real exposure.
Incorrect Answers
A:This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Remediation should be based on accurate inventory and verified paths. It does not directly meet the new condition.
B:This remains inappropriate: Stale assets distort risk and waste remediation capacity.
C:This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: Asset records and fresh validation demonstrate the host has been securely retired.
Question 765
An application team repeatedly receives temporary vulnerability exceptions with no expiry or documented business owner. The team must implement a defensible safeguard AND demonstrate that it works. Which TWO entries form that control-and-evidence pair? (Select TWO.)
- Require risk-owner approval, compensating measures and expiration-triggered reassessment.
- Exception reports show owner decisions, compensating tests and closure dates.
- Allow the project manager to renew every exception automatically and without evidence.
- Reopen and prioritize remediation or stronger isolation immediately.
- Verify asset existence, exploitability and exposure before prioritizing the finding.
Explanation
Correct Answers
A:Correct control. Exception governance prevents known exposures becoming permanent unreviewed weaknesses.
B:Correct verification. The specific evidence is: Exception reports show owner decisions, compensating tests and closure dates.
Incorrect Answers
C:Unbounded acceptance ignores changing threats and accountabilities.
D:This concerns a later and different need: An exploit becomes publicly available for one excepted flaw. Threat intelligence can invalidate assumptions supporting an earlier exception.
E:The proposed control fits another scenario: A vulnerability scanner reports a critical library on a decommissioned host whose management interface no longer exists. It does not directly address this scenario's primary requirement.
Question 766
A firewall engineer must deploy an urgent ACL change to restore a failing emergency service. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?
- Use documented emergency change approval, scoped testing, rollback plan and retrospective review.
- Apply an unreviewed permanent 'allow all' rule and never document it.
- Remove the temporary exception through controlled normal change.
- Prepare tested backout procedures, dependency checks and rollback decision thresholds before deployment.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Emergency speed should not bypass accountability or safety checks entirely. This directly addresses the stated situation.
Incorrect Answers
B:Indefinite broad access creates unjustified exposure and no audit trail. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.
C:This is appropriate for a later condition (Later review finds the temporary ACL no longer serves an emergency need.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. Postincident normalization should close short-lived permissions.
D:This response addresses a different condition: A database security change passes staging but operations cannot show how to roll back if production queries fail. The present case requires the measure described by Use documented emergency change approval, scoped testing, rollback plan and retrospective review.
Question 767
A firewall engineer must deploy an urgent ACL change to restore a failing emergency service. A designer proposes: Apply an unreviewed permanent 'allow all' rule and never document it. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?
- Indefinite broad access creates unjustified exposure and no audit trail.
- Unprepared rollback can amplify failure and corrupt state.
- Postincident normalization should close short-lived permissions.
- A change plan must address availability and data consistency if assumptions prove wrong.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Indefinite broad access creates unjustified exposure and no audit trail. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.
Incorrect Answers
B:This is a limitation elsewhere: A database security change passes staging but operations cannot show how to roll back if production queries fail. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.
C:This explains a later shift in requirements (Later review finds the temporary ACL no longer serves an emergency need.), not the failure of the current proposal.
D:This is an advantage of another design (Prepare tested backout procedures, dependency checks and rollback decision thresholds before deployment.), not the particular flaw of Apply an unreviewed permanent 'allow all' rule and never document it.
Question 768
A firewall engineer must deploy an urgent ACL change to restore a failing emergency service. The organization has now implemented this response: Use documented emergency change approval, scoped testing, rollback plan and retrospective review. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?
- Change records and traffic tests confirm the required service with no forbidden paths.
- A controlled test restores the previous working configuration without loss.
- A deliberate weak setting triggers documented drift alerts and approved correction.
- An approved change ticket for Use documented emergency change approval, scoped testing, rollback plan and retrospective review. without a completed verification result.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Change records and traffic tests confirm the required service with no forbidden paths. This validates that emergency speed should not bypass accountability or safety checks entirely.
Incorrect Answers
B:This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A database security change passes staging but operations cannot show how to roll back if production queries fail.
C:This other observation is relevant to: A fleet of virtual servers deviates from hardened configurations after manually applied emergency changes.
D:An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is Change records and traffic tests confirm the required service with no forbidden paths.
Question 769
A previous security situation was: A firewall engineer must deploy an urgent ACL change to restore a failing emergency service. Now the requirement changes: Later review finds the temporary ACL no longer serves an emergency need. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?
- Remove the temporary exception through controlled normal change.
- Use documented emergency change approval, scoped testing, rollback plan and retrospective review.
- Apply an unreviewed permanent 'allow all' rule and never document it.
- Change records and traffic tests confirm the required service with no forbidden paths.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Postincident normalization should close short-lived permissions. The revised action is Remove the temporary exception through controlled normal change.
Incorrect Answers
B:This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Emergency speed should not bypass accountability or safety checks entirely. It does not directly meet the new condition.
C:This remains inappropriate: Indefinite broad access creates unjustified exposure and no audit trail.
D:This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: Change records and traffic tests confirm the required service with no forbidden paths.
Question 770
A database security change passes staging but operations cannot show how to roll back if production queries fail. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?
- Deploy immediately and improvise rollback only after a major outage.
- Test versioned redeployment and data migration rollback handling.
- Use documented emergency change approval, scoped testing, rollback plan and retrospective review.
- Prepare tested backout procedures, dependency checks and rollback decision thresholds before deployment.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:A change plan must address availability and data consistency if assumptions prove wrong. This directly addresses the stated situation.
Incorrect Answers
A:Unprepared rollback can amplify failure and corrupt state. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.
B:This is appropriate for a later condition (The system moves to immutable deployment artifacts rather than in-place changes.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. Immutable infrastructure changes recovery mechanics but does not remove rollback duty.
C:This response addresses a different condition: A firewall engineer must deploy an urgent ACL change to restore a failing emergency service. The present case requires the measure described by Prepare tested backout procedures, dependency checks and rollback decision thresholds before deployment.