ISC CISSP Practice Test 63
Question 620
A high-risk payment application has code-level authentication changes but no developer security tests before merge. A designer proposes: Rely only on an annual external network scan to find source-code defects. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?
- Network scanning has limited visibility into application source and branches.
- Disruptive scanning may interrupt fragile controllers and create safety hazards.
- Runtime behavior is not fully proved by static source analysis.
- Safety-critical OT testing must avoid disruptive techniques that threaten physical operations.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Network scanning has limited visibility into application source and branches. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.
Incorrect Answers
B:This is a limitation elsewhere: A manufacturer uses industrial controllers whose processes cannot tolerate active port scans during production. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.
C:This explains a later shift in requirements (The service later needs live evaluation of runtime authorization behavior.), not the failure of the current proposal.
D:This is an advantage of another design (Plan passive discovery and lab-based tests coordinated with plant safety owners.), not the particular flaw of Rely only on an annual external network scan to find source-code defects.
Question 621
A high-risk payment application has code-level authentication changes but no developer security tests before merge. The organization has now implemented this response: Add static analysis, relevant security unit tests and peer review at controlled merge gates. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?
- Pipeline evidence shows changed paths scanned, findings handled and protected merge conditions met.
- A targeted XSS test is neutralized and correct output context is observed.
- Mobile tests capture input handling, storage and transport controls of the shipped app.
- An approved change ticket for Add static analysis, relevant security unit tests and peer review at controlled merge gates. without a completed verification result.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Pipeline evidence shows changed paths scanned, findings handled and protected merge conditions met. This validates that premerge testing can catch code patterns and logic errors before deployment.
Incorrect Answers
B:This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A legacy website is suspected of reflected cross-site scripting introduced by a new user input field.
C:This other observation is relevant to: A development team must assess a compiled mobile app without access to all upstream source code.
D:An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is Pipeline evidence shows changed paths scanned, findings handled and protected merge conditions met.
Question 622
A previous security situation was: A high-risk payment application has code-level authentication changes but no developer security tests before merge. Now the requirement changes: The service later needs live evaluation of runtime authorization behavior. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?
- Perform authenticated dynamic and API security testing in a safe environment.
- Add static analysis, relevant security unit tests and peer review at controlled merge gates.
- Rely only on an annual external network scan to find source-code defects.
- Pipeline evidence shows changed paths scanned, findings handled and protected merge conditions met.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Runtime behavior is not fully proved by static source analysis. The revised action is Perform authenticated dynamic and API security testing in a safe environment.
Incorrect Answers
B:This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Premerge testing can catch code patterns and logic errors before deployment. It does not directly meet the new condition.
C:This remains inappropriate: Network scanning has limited visibility into application source and branches.
D:This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: Pipeline evidence shows changed paths scanned, findings handled and protected merge conditions met.
Question 623
A company replaces its legacy TLS library and wants to prove the new implementation resists protocol downgrade. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?
- Read the project README and assume the deployment rejects every weak protocol.
- Test client certificate chains, revocation and trusted identity mapping.
- Plan passive discovery and lab-based tests coordinated with plant safety owners.
- Use focused protocol configuration tests and negative handshakes with obsolete versions and ciphers.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Protocol security must be validated against actual negotiated behavior. This directly addresses the stated situation.
Incorrect Answers
A:Documentation is not proof of effective listener configuration. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.
B:This is appropriate for a later condition (An external partner requires mutual certificate authentication on the same endpoint.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. Mutual TLS introduces client identity validation beyond downgrade prevention.
C:This response addresses a different condition: A manufacturer uses industrial controllers whose processes cannot tolerate active port scans during production. The present case requires the measure described by Use focused protocol configuration tests and negative handshakes with obsolete versions and ciphers.
Question 624
A company replaces its legacy TLS library and wants to prove the new implementation resists protocol downgrade. A designer proposes: Read the project README and assume the deployment rejects every weak protocol. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?
- Package inventory cannot reveal every input/output handling flaw.
- Mutual TLS introduces client identity validation beyond downgrade prevention.
- Runtime input-to-HTML behavior needs interactive application testing.
- Documentation is not proof of effective listener configuration.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Documentation is not proof of effective listener configuration. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.
Incorrect Answers
A:This is a limitation elsewhere: A legacy website is suspected of reflected cross-site scripting introduced by a new user input field. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.
B:This explains a later shift in requirements (An external partner requires mutual certificate authentication on the same endpoint.), not the failure of the current proposal.
C:This is an advantage of another design (Conduct authorized dynamic testing with safe payloads and verify contextual output encoding.), not the particular flaw of Read the project README and assume the deployment rejects every weak protocol.
Question 625
A company replaces its legacy TLS library and wants to prove the new implementation resists protocol downgrade. The organization has now implemented this response: Use focused protocol configuration tests and negative handshakes with obsolete versions and ciphers. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?
- Authenticated scanner evidence reconciles versions, exposure and priority with asset owners.
- Passive inventory matches lab evidence and production monitoring records no process impact.
- An approved change ticket for Use focused protocol configuration tests and negative handshakes with obsolete versions and ciphers. without a completed verification result.
- Deliberate deprecated protocol connections are rejected and supported suites negotiated.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Deliberate deprecated protocol connections are rejected and supported suites negotiated. This validates that protocol security must be validated against actual negotiated behavior.
Incorrect Answers
A:This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: An enterprise has a large unpatched server inventory and needs non-disruptive identification of exposed weaknesses.
B:This other observation is relevant to: A manufacturer uses industrial controllers whose processes cannot tolerate active port scans during production.
C:An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is Deliberate deprecated protocol connections are rejected and supported suites negotiated.
Question 626
A previous security situation was: A company replaces its legacy TLS library and wants to prove the new implementation resists protocol downgrade. Now the requirement changes: An external partner requires mutual certificate authentication on the same endpoint. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?
- Use focused protocol configuration tests and negative handshakes with obsolete versions and ciphers.
- Read the project README and assume the deployment rejects every weak protocol.
- Deliberate deprecated protocol connections are rejected and supported suites negotiated.
- Test client certificate chains, revocation and trusted identity mapping.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Mutual TLS introduces client identity validation beyond downgrade prevention. The revised action is Test client certificate chains, revocation and trusted identity mapping.
Incorrect Answers
A:This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Protocol security must be validated against actual negotiated behavior. It does not directly meet the new condition.
B:This remains inappropriate: Documentation is not proof of effective listener configuration.
C:This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: Deliberate deprecated protocol connections are rejected and supported suites negotiated.
Question 627
A customer-facing API uses valid credentials but clients can modify numeric customer IDs to read other accounts. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?
- Assess export authorization, logging and rate/volume limits separately.
- Conduct authorized dynamic testing with safe payloads and verify contextual output encoding.
- Perform authenticated object-level authorization tests across user and tenant roles.
- Check only for SQL injection and call access control testing complete.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:Broken object-level authorization can exist despite correctly working sign-in. This directly addresses the stated situation.
Incorrect Answers
A:This is appropriate for a later condition (The API adds privileged batch export for compliance officers.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. A new high-volume operation introduces additional role and data-loss risks.
B:This response addresses a different condition: A legacy website is suspected of reflected cross-site scripting introduced by a new user input field. The present case requires the measure described by Perform authenticated object-level authorization tests across user and tenant roles.
D:Injection tests do not establish who may read a specific resource. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.
Question 628
A customer-facing API uses valid credentials but clients can modify numeric customer IDs to read other accounts. A designer proposes: Check only for SQL injection and call access control testing complete. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?
- A new high-volume operation introduces additional role and data-loss risks.
- Assessment identifies missing fixes without assuming exploitation is authorized.
- Injection tests do not establish who may read a specific resource.
- Uncontrolled exploitation can damage production and exceed authorization.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:Injection tests do not establish who may read a specific resource. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.
Incorrect Answers
A:This explains a later shift in requirements (The API adds privileged batch export for compliance officers.), not the failure of the current proposal.
B:This is an advantage of another design (Perform scoped authenticated vulnerability assessments with asset inventory and risk prioritization.), not the particular flaw of Check only for SQL injection and call access control testing complete.
D:This is a limitation elsewhere: An enterprise has a large unpatched server inventory and needs non-disruptive identification of exposed weaknesses. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.
Question 629
A customer-facing API uses valid credentials but clients can modify numeric customer IDs to read other accounts. The organization has now implemented this response: Perform authenticated object-level authorization tests across user and tenant roles. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?
- Quarterly restore tests produce integrity comparisons and timed recovery records.
- An approved change ticket for Perform authenticated object-level authorization tests across user and tenant roles. without a completed verification result.
- Cross-tenant object requests return denial with audit evidence and permitted reads succeed.
- Pipeline evidence shows changed paths scanned, findings handled and protected merge conditions met.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:Cross-tenant object requests return denial with audit evidence and permitted reads succeed. This validates that broken object-level authorization can exist despite correctly working sign-in.
Incorrect Answers
A:This other observation is relevant to: A backup dashboard reports successful copy jobs, but no administrator has actually restored the database.
B:An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is Cross-tenant object requests return denial with audit evidence and permitted reads succeed.
D:This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A high-risk payment application has code-level authentication changes but no developer security tests before merge.
Question 630
A customer-facing API uses valid credentials but clients can modify numeric customer IDs to read other accounts. A later change introduces this additional requirement: The API adds privileged batch export for compliance officers. Select THREE elements that together supply the initial control, objective evidence of effectiveness, and the changed-requirement response. (Select THREE.)
- Perform authenticated object-level authorization tests across user and tenant roles.
- Cross-tenant object requests return denial with audit evidence and permitted reads succeed.
- Assess export authorization, logging and rate/volume limits separately.
- Check only for SQL injection and call access control testing complete.
- Use focused protocol configuration tests and negative handshakes with obsolete versions and ciphers.
- Deliberate deprecated protocol connections are rejected and supported suites negotiated.
Explanation
Correct Answers
A:Correct — initial control. Broken object-level authorization can exist despite correctly working sign-in.
B:Correct — observable control evidence. The relevant result is: Cross-tenant object requests return denial with audit evidence and permitted reads succeed. This provides a completed control test rather than an implementation promise.
C:Correct — changed condition. A new high-volume operation introduces additional role and data-loss risks.
Incorrect Answers
D:Incorrect — it fails the original constraint. Injection tests do not establish who may read a specific resource.
E:Incorrect — the measure Use focused protocol configuration tests and negative handshakes with obsolete versions and ciphers. addresses a different case: A company replaces its legacy TLS library and wants to prove the new implementation resists protocol downgrade.
F:Incorrect — this evidence applies to another case: A company replaces its legacy TLS library and wants to prove the new implementation resists protocol downgrade. The specified requirement here is A customer-facing API uses valid credentials but clients can modify numeric customer IDs to read other accounts.