ISC CISSP Practice Test 62
Question 610
The organization previously faced this problem: A software release brings a new transitive open-source library with an unresolved critical vulnerability. Its requirement then changes: A separate test uncovers an API endpoint that lets ordinary users retrieve another customer's records. Which revised action BEST meets the new requirement?
- Run software composition analysis against direct and transitive dependencies and gate release on approved risk treatment.
- Rely solely on a web UI penetration test to identify every vulnerable transitive package.
- Keep the original 6.2 policy unchanged, and defer the newly identified requirement without a risk decision.
- Perform authenticated dynamic API authorization testing and correct the broken object-level authorization.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The new issue concerns runtime access-control behavior rather than dependency vulnerability inventory. The appropriate revised action is: Perform authenticated dynamic API authorization testing and correct the broken object-level authorization.
Incorrect Answers
A:This addresses the original situation: SCA identifies vulnerable library versions and dependencies that runtime endpoint tests might miss. It does not directly meet the changed requirement: A separate test uncovers an API endpoint that lets ordinary users retrieve another customer's records.
B:The earlier rejected approach remains inappropriate. Dynamic behavior testing alone does not provide complete dependency inventory or known-vulnerability coverage.
C:The new requirement needs an accountable response, not automatic deferral. The new issue concerns runtime access-control behavior rather than dependency vulnerability inventory.
Question 611
A legacy website is suspected of reflected cross-site scripting introduced by a new user input field. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?
- Add static or unit tests and secure coding patterns to the CI pipeline.
- Perform authenticated object-level authorization tests across user and tenant roles.
- Conduct authorized dynamic testing with safe payloads and verify contextual output encoding.
- Use only dependency version scanning and assume that proves output encoding correctness.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:Runtime input-to-HTML behavior needs interactive application testing. This directly addresses the stated situation.
Incorrect Answers
A:This is appropriate for a later condition (Developers want to catch similar flaws before deployment.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. Early tests complement the runtime validation of an already deployed behavior.
B:This response addresses a different condition: A customer-facing API uses valid credentials but clients can modify numeric customer IDs to read other accounts. The present case requires the measure described by Conduct authorized dynamic testing with safe payloads and verify contextual output encoding.
D:Package inventory cannot reveal every input/output handling flaw. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.
Question 612
A legacy website is suspected of reflected cross-site scripting introduced by a new user input field. A designer proposes: Use only dependency version scanning and assume that proves output encoding correctness. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?
- Early tests complement the runtime validation of an already deployed behavior.
- Adversary emulation measures detection and response outcomes against plausible behaviors.
- Package inventory cannot reveal every input/output handling flaw.
- No alert without a test does not prove detection coverage.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:Package inventory cannot reveal every input/output handling flaw. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.
Incorrect Answers
A:This explains a later shift in requirements (Developers want to catch similar flaws before deployment.), not the failure of the current proposal.
B:This is an advantage of another design (Run an approved purple-team exercise with mapped attack emulation and detection engineering feedback.), not the particular flaw of Use only dependency version scanning and assume that proves output encoding correctness.
D:This is a limitation elsewhere: A security operations team wants to test whether its analysts detect a known adversary's lateral movement technique. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.
Question 613
A legacy website is suspected of reflected cross-site scripting introduced by a new user input field. The organization has now implemented this response: Conduct authorized dynamic testing with safe payloads and verify contextual output encoding. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?
- Deliberate deprecated protocol connections are rejected and supported suites negotiated.
- An approved change ticket for Conduct authorized dynamic testing with safe payloads and verify contextual output encoding. without a completed verification result.
- A targeted XSS test is neutralized and correct output context is observed.
- Mobile tests capture input handling, storage and transport controls of the shipped app.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:A targeted XSS test is neutralized and correct output context is observed. This validates that runtime input-to-HTML behavior needs interactive application testing.
Incorrect Answers
A:This other observation is relevant to: A company replaces its legacy TLS library and wants to prove the new implementation resists protocol downgrade.
B:An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is A targeted XSS test is neutralized and correct output context is observed.
D:This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A development team must assess a compiled mobile app without access to all upstream source code.
Question 614
A previous security situation was: A legacy website is suspected of reflected cross-site scripting introduced by a new user input field. Now the requirement changes: Developers want to catch similar flaws before deployment. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?
- Use only dependency version scanning and assume that proves output encoding correctness.
- A targeted XSS test is neutralized and correct output context is observed.
- Add static or unit tests and secure coding patterns to the CI pipeline.
- Conduct authorized dynamic testing with safe payloads and verify contextual output encoding.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:Early tests complement the runtime validation of an already deployed behavior. The revised action is Add static or unit tests and secure coding patterns to the CI pipeline.
Incorrect Answers
A:This remains inappropriate: Package inventory cannot reveal every input/output handling flaw.
B:This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: A targeted XSS test is neutralized and correct output context is observed.
D:This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Runtime input-to-HTML behavior needs interactive application testing. It does not directly meet the new condition.
Question 615
An enterprise has a large unpatched server inventory and needs non-disruptive identification of exposed weaknesses. The team must implement a defensible safeguard AND demonstrate that it works. Which TWO entries form that control-and-evidence pair? (Select TWO.)
- Perform scoped authenticated vulnerability assessments with asset inventory and risk prioritization.
- Authenticated scanner evidence reconciles versions, exposure and priority with asset owners.
- Run destructive exploitation tools against every production server without rules of engagement.
- Commission a tightly scoped controlled penetration test on authorized systems.
- Run an approved purple-team exercise with mapped attack emulation and detection engineering feedback.
Explanation
Correct Answers
A:Correct control. Assessment identifies missing fixes without assuming exploitation is authorized.
B:Correct verification. The specific evidence is: Authenticated scanner evidence reconciles versions, exposure and priority with asset owners.
Incorrect Answers
C:Uncontrolled exploitation can damage production and exceed authorization.
D:This concerns a later and different need: Executives ask whether a critical exposed flaw is actually exploitable end-to-end. Demonstrating exploitation is different from broadly cataloging likely vulnerabilities.
E:The proposed control fits another scenario: A security operations team wants to test whether its analysts detect a known adversary's lateral movement technique. It does not directly address this scenario's primary requirement.
Question 616
An enterprise has a large unpatched server inventory and needs non-disruptive identification of exposed weaknesses. A designer proposes: Run destructive exploitation tools against every production server without rules of engagement. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?
- Testing strategy should match visibility into the application and release artifacts.
- Uncontrolled exploitation can damage production and exceed authorization.
- A test depending on absent source cannot evaluate the delivered executable.
- Demonstrating exploitation is different from broadly cataloging likely vulnerabilities.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Uncontrolled exploitation can damage production and exceed authorization. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.
Incorrect Answers
A:This is an advantage of another design (Use approved black-box dynamic testing plus available dependency and binary analysis.), not the particular flaw of Run destructive exploitation tools against every production server without rules of engagement.
C:This is a limitation elsewhere: A development team must assess a compiled mobile app without access to all upstream source code. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.
D:This explains a later shift in requirements (Executives ask whether a critical exposed flaw is actually exploitable end-to-end.), not the failure of the current proposal.
Question 617
An enterprise has a large unpatched server inventory and needs non-disruptive identification of exposed weaknesses. The organization has now implemented this response: Perform scoped authenticated vulnerability assessments with asset inventory and risk prioritization. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?
- An approved change ticket for Perform scoped authenticated vulnerability assessments with asset inventory and risk prioritization. without a completed verification result.
- Authenticated scanner evidence reconciles versions, exposure and priority with asset owners.
- Passive inventory matches lab evidence and production monitoring records no process impact.
- Cross-tenant object requests return denial with audit evidence and permitted reads succeed.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Authenticated scanner evidence reconciles versions, exposure and priority with asset owners. This validates that assessment identifies missing fixes without assuming exploitation is authorized.
Incorrect Answers
A:An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is Authenticated scanner evidence reconciles versions, exposure and priority with asset owners.
C:This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A manufacturer uses industrial controllers whose processes cannot tolerate active port scans during production.
D:This other observation is relevant to: A customer-facing API uses valid credentials but clients can modify numeric customer IDs to read other accounts.
Question 618
A previous security situation was: An enterprise has a large unpatched server inventory and needs non-disruptive identification of exposed weaknesses. Now the requirement changes: Executives ask whether a critical exposed flaw is actually exploitable end-to-end. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?
- Authenticated scanner evidence reconciles versions, exposure and priority with asset owners.
- Commission a tightly scoped controlled penetration test on authorized systems.
- Perform scoped authenticated vulnerability assessments with asset inventory and risk prioritization.
- Run destructive exploitation tools against every production server without rules of engagement.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Demonstrating exploitation is different from broadly cataloging likely vulnerabilities. The revised action is Commission a tightly scoped controlled penetration test on authorized systems.
Incorrect Answers
A:This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: Authenticated scanner evidence reconciles versions, exposure and priority with asset owners.
C:This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Assessment identifies missing fixes without assuming exploitation is authorized. It does not directly meet the new condition.
D:This remains inappropriate: Uncontrolled exploitation can damage production and exceed authorization.
Question 619
A high-risk payment application has code-level authentication changes but no developer security tests before merge. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?
- Add static analysis, relevant security unit tests and peer review at controlled merge gates.
- Rely only on an annual external network scan to find source-code defects.
- Perform authenticated dynamic and API security testing in a safe environment.
- Use approved black-box dynamic testing plus available dependency and binary analysis.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Premerge testing can catch code patterns and logic errors before deployment. This directly addresses the stated situation.
Incorrect Answers
B:Network scanning has limited visibility into application source and branches. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.
C:This is appropriate for a later condition (The service later needs live evaluation of runtime authorization behavior.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. Runtime behavior is not fully proved by static source analysis.
D:This response addresses a different condition: A development team must assess a compiled mobile app without access to all upstream source code. The present case requires the measure described by Add static analysis, relevant security unit tests and peer review at controlled merge gates.
Question 620
A high-risk payment application has code-level authentication changes but no developer security tests before merge. A designer proposes: Rely only on an annual external network scan to find source-code defects. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?
- Network scanning has limited visibility into application source and branches.
- Disruptive scanning may interrupt fragile controllers and create safety hazards.
- Runtime behavior is not fully proved by static source analysis.
- Safety-critical OT testing must avoid disruptive techniques that threaten physical operations.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Network scanning has limited visibility into application source and branches. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.
Incorrect Answers
B:This is a limitation elsewhere: A manufacturer uses industrial controllers whose processes cannot tolerate active port scans during production. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.
C:This explains a later shift in requirements (The service later needs live evaluation of runtime authorization behavior.), not the failure of the current proposal.
D:This is an advantage of another design (Plan passive discovery and lab-based tests coordinated with plant safety owners.), not the particular flaw of Rely only on an annual external network scan to find source-code defects.