cert
cert-1
cert-2

Pass ISC CISSP Exam in First Attempt Guaranteed!

Get 100% Latest Exam Questions, Accurate & Verified Answers to Pass the Actual Exam!
30 Days Free Updates, Instant Download!

cert-5
cert-6
CISSP Exam - Verified By Experts
CISSP Premium Bundle
$29.98

CISSP Premium Bundle

$79.99
$109.97
  • Premium File 484 Questions & Answers. Last update: Nov 13, 2026
  • Training Course 62 Video Lectures
  • Study Guide 2003 Pages
 
$109.97
$79.99
accept 162 downloads in last 7 days
block-screenshots
Purchase ISC CISSP Exam Training Products Individually
ISC CISSP Premium File
Premium File 484 Q&A
$76.99$69.99
ISC CISSP Video Training Course
Training Course 62 Lectures
$21.99 $19.99
ISC CISSP PDF Study Guide
Study Guide 2003 Pages
$21.99 $19.99
ISC CISSP Practice Test 56

Question 550

A contractor's API access is governed by a narrow policy, but administrators make repeated manual overrides directly in the application database. A designer proposes: Allow silent administrator bypasses without expiry or reconciliation. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. Legitimate access expansion should be explicit and constrained, not an uncontrolled override.
  2. Central policy decisions are ineffective when resource services do not enforce them.
  3. Unlogged exceptions can accumulate privileges and defeat policy consistency.
  4. Decision visibility without application enforcement permits unauthorized actions.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Unlogged exceptions can accumulate privileges and defeat policy consistency. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This explains a later shift in requirements (The contractor's work expands legitimately to an additional dataset.), not the failure of the current proposal.

B:

This is an advantage of another design (Require consistent policy enforcement points and fail-safe validation of decisions and freshness.), not the particular flaw of Allow silent administrator bypasses without expiry or reconciliation.

D:

This is a limitation elsewhere: A policy decision service produces allow/deny results, but one microservice ignores denials when its local cache is stale. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

Question 551

A contractor's API access is governed by a narrow policy, but administrators make repeated manual overrides directly in the application database. The organization has now implemented this response: Require consistent policy-as-code enforcement and formally governed exception handling. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?

  1. Cache-expiry and disconnection tests show each service denies inappropriate requests.
  2. An approved change ticket for Require consistent policy-as-code enforcement and formally governed exception handling. without a completed verification result.
  3. A policy audit correlates all overrides to tickets, owners, tests and expiry.
  4. Attempts by insufficiently cleared accounts to read files are denied and recorded.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A policy audit correlates all overrides to tickets, owners, tests and expiry. This validates that ad hoc direct edits can diverge from authoritative authorization decisions.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This other observation is relevant to: A policy decision service produces allow/deny results, but one microservice ignores denials when its local cache is stale.

B:

An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is A policy audit correlates all overrides to tickets, owners, tests and expiry.

D:

This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A classified intelligence system must prevent lower-clearance personnel from learning high-classification contents regardless of file owner choices.

Question 552

A previous security situation was: A contractor's API access is governed by a narrow policy, but administrators make repeated manual overrides directly in the application database. Now the requirement changes: The contractor's work expands legitimately to an additional dataset. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?

  1. Allow silent administrator bypasses without expiry or reconciliation.
  2. A policy audit correlates all overrides to tickets, owners, tests and expiry.
  3. Update an approved scoped entitlement policy and verify negative tests for other datasets.
  4. Require consistent policy-as-code enforcement and formally governed exception handling.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Legitimate access expansion should be explicit and constrained, not an uncontrolled override. The revised action is Update an approved scoped entitlement policy and verify negative tests for other datasets.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This remains inappropriate: Unlogged exceptions can accumulate privileges and defeat policy consistency.

B:

This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: A policy audit correlates all overrides to tickets, owners, tests and expiry.

D:

This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Ad hoc direct edits can diverge from authoritative authorization decisions. It does not directly meet the new condition.

Question 553

A finance analyst transfers to a procurement role but still retains old payment-approval entitlements. Which recommendation should the security leader make FIRST to address the stated objective?

  1. Disable accounts, revoke sessions and tokens, and complete auditable offboarding promptly.
  2. Trigger a mover workflow that revokes former rights and provisions only approved procurement access.
  3. Append procurement permissions and leave finance administrator rights untouched indefinitely.
  4. Reconciliation shows old finance rights removed, new approvals recorded and exceptions reviewed.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Role transitions must remove obsolete entitlements rather than simply add the new team's access. The scenario is: A finance analyst transfers to a procurement role but still retains old payment-approval entitlements.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This addresses a distinct subsequent requirement: The employee later leaves the organization entirely while active sessions and API keys remain. Termination requires comprehensive identity and session deprovisioning, not just a role-change permission edit.

C:

Privilege accumulation violates least privilege and separation-of-duties controls. The rejected action is: Append procurement permissions and leave finance administrator rights untouched indefinitely.

D:

This is useful evidence after implementation, rather than the FIRST recommended decision for this objective. Reconciliation shows old finance rights removed, new approvals recorded and exceptions reviewed.

Question 554

A finance analyst transfers to a procurement role but still retains old payment-approval entitlements. A colleague instead proposes: "Append procurement permissions and leave finance administrator rights untouched indefinitely." Which finding BEST explains why the proposal should be rejected?

  1. No evidence or governance records should be retained when evaluating this 5.5 decision.
  2. Privilege accumulation violates least privilege and separation-of-duties controls.
  3. Its only deficiency is a missing executive signature, even if the design still fails the stated requirement.
  4. It is inadequate only because of a different later condition: The employee later leaves the organization entirely while active sessions and API keys remain.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Privilege accumulation violates least privilege and separation-of-duties controls. This directly invalidates the proposed action: Append procurement permissions and leave finance administrator rights untouched indefinitely.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Destroying records would weaken oversight and cannot remedy the immediate technical or governance flaw: Privilege accumulation violates least privilege and separation-of-duties controls.

C:

Approval alone cannot fix the specific weakness: Privilege accumulation violates least privilege and separation-of-duties controls.

D:

The subsequent circumstance is separate and does not explain why this proposed action fails the initial case. Termination requires comprehensive identity and session deprovisioning, not just a role-change permission edit.

Question 555

A shared root account is used to administer production Linux servers, preventing attribution of destructive changes. The team must implement a defensible safeguard AND demonstrate that it works. Which TWO entries form that control-and-evidence pair? (Select TWO.)

  1. Require named privileged identities, just-in-time elevation and recorded use rather than routine shared root login.
  2. Command logs connect approved named elevation to individual changes and expirations.
  3. Continue one common root password because operators trust each other.
  4. Revoke sessions, credentials and privileged memberships and review recent activity.
  5. Inventory service identities, assign owners and automate periodic key or token rotation with least-privilege review.

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

Correct control. Individual attribution and bounded elevation support accountability and reduced blast radius.

B:

Correct verification. The specific evidence is: Command logs connect approved named elevation to individual changes and expirations.

Incorrect Answers

C:

Shared credentials conceal who performed actions and are difficult to revoke.

D:

This concerns a later and different need: An administrator leaves the team immediately following a security dispute. Privileged offboarding requires prompt access removal and retrospective assurance.

E:

The proposed control fits another scenario: An enterprise lacks identity change controls for automated service accounts used by multiple application teams. It does not directly address this scenario's primary requirement.

Question 556

A finance analyst transfers to a procurement role but still retains old payment-approval entitlements. After implementing "Trigger a mover workflow that revokes former rights and provisions only approved procurement access.", what evidence BEST demonstrates that the intended security outcome is functioning?

  1. A declaration that no incident has been reported, without exercising the relevant control.
  2. A meeting record that the alternate design "Disable accounts, revoke sessions and tokens, and complete auditable offboarding promptly." was discussed but never tested.
  3. Reconciliation shows old finance rights removed, new approvals recorded and exceptions reviewed.
  4. A note proposing to test this exact 5.5 measure in a future quarter.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Reconciliation shows old finance rights removed, new approvals recorded and exceptions reviewed. This verifies the original requirement because role transitions must remove obsolete entitlements rather than simply add the new team's access.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Absence of reported incidents is not a controlled validation of the requirement. A stronger proof is: Reconciliation shows old finance rights removed, new approvals recorded and exceptions reviewed.

B:

Discussion of a different design does not demonstrate the deployed control. Termination requires comprehensive identity and session deprovisioning, not just a role-change permission edit.

D:

An unexecuted future plan does not prove current effectiveness for the stated 5.5 objective. The evidence should include: Reconciliation shows old finance rights removed, new approvals recorded and exceptions reviewed.

Question 557

The organization previously faced this problem: A finance analyst transfers to a procurement role but still retains old payment-approval entitlements. Its requirement then changes: The employee later leaves the organization entirely while active sessions and API keys remain. Which revised action BEST meets the new requirement?

  1. Append procurement permissions and leave finance administrator rights untouched indefinitely.
  2. Keep the original 5.5 policy unchanged, and defer the newly identified requirement without a risk decision.
  3. Disable accounts, revoke sessions and tokens, and complete auditable offboarding promptly.
  4. Trigger a mover workflow that revokes former rights and provisions only approved procurement access.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Termination requires comprehensive identity and session deprovisioning, not just a role-change permission edit. The appropriate revised action is: Disable accounts, revoke sessions and tokens, and complete auditable offboarding promptly.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The earlier rejected approach remains inappropriate. Privilege accumulation violates least privilege and separation-of-duties controls.

B:

The new requirement needs an accountable response, not automatic deferral. Termination requires comprehensive identity and session deprovisioning, not just a role-change permission edit.

D:

This addresses the original situation: Role transitions must remove obsolete entitlements rather than simply add the new team's access. It does not directly meet the changed requirement: The employee later leaves the organization entirely while active sessions and API keys remain.

Question 558

A shared root account is used to administer production Linux servers, preventing attribution of destructive changes. A designer proposes: Continue one common root password because operators trust each other. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. Break-glass should be exceptional and accountable, not routine broad access.
  2. Shared credentials conceal who performed actions and are difficult to revoke.
  3. Routine use defeats least privilege and erodes emergency audit signals.
  4. Privileged offboarding requires prompt access removal and retrospective assurance.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Shared credentials conceal who performed actions and are difficult to revoke. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is an advantage of another design (Restrict exceptional access to emergency use with heightened logging and retrospective review.), not the particular flaw of Continue one common root password because operators trust each other.

C:

This is a limitation elsewhere: A hospital grants emergency medical record access using a permanent broadly privileged 'break-glass' account used daily. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

D:

This explains a later shift in requirements (An administrator leaves the team immediately following a security dispute.), not the failure of the current proposal.

Question 559

A shared root account is used to administer production Linux servers, preventing attribution of destructive changes. The organization has now implemented this response: Require named privileged identities, just-in-time elevation and recorded use rather than routine shared root login. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?

  1. An approved change ticket for Require named privileged identities, just-in-time elevation and recorded use rather than routine shared root login. without a completed verification result.
  2. Command logs connect approved named elevation to individual changes and expirations.
  3. Audit-role tests confirm denied writes and automatic account expiration.
  4. Credential inventory and revocation exercises confirm each token's owner, scope and expiry.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Command logs connect approved named elevation to individual changes and expirations. This validates that individual attribution and bounded elevation support accountability and reduced blast radius.

Incorrect Answers

A:

An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is Command logs connect approved named elevation to individual changes and expirations.

C:

This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A financial services company hires temporary auditors but provides permanent access to every cloud project.

D:

This other observation is relevant to: An enterprise lacks identity change controls for automated service accounts used by multiple application teams.

Question 560

A previous security situation was: A shared root account is used to administer production Linux servers, preventing attribution of destructive changes. Now the requirement changes: An administrator leaves the team immediately following a security dispute. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?

  1. Command logs connect approved named elevation to individual changes and expirations.
  2. Revoke sessions, credentials and privileged memberships and review recent activity.
  3. Require named privileged identities, just-in-time elevation and recorded use rather than routine shared root login.
  4. Continue one common root password because operators trust each other.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Privileged offboarding requires prompt access removal and retrospective assurance. The revised action is Revoke sessions, credentials and privileged memberships and review recent activity.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: Command logs connect approved named elevation to individual changes and expirations.

C:

This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Individual attribution and bounded elevation support accountability and reduced blast radius. It does not directly meet the new condition.

D:

This remains inappropriate: Shared credentials conceal who performed actions and are difficult to revoke.

Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) Practice Tests