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ISC CISSP Practice Test 25

Question 240

A high-value data service assumes all traffic within its office subnet is trustworthy and allows broad user access. A designer proposes: Grant blanket access based on an internal IP address without resource authorization. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. Secure defaults minimize attack paths before users customize systems.
  2. Compromised insiders and devices may move laterally when network origin is treated as entitlement.
  3. Unneeded exposed functions expand risk and can bypass intended boundaries.
  4. Machine-to-machine identity requires purpose-bound controls rather than a broad internal-network exception.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Compromised insiders and devices may move laterally when network origin is treated as entitlement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is an advantage of another design (Disable unnecessary functionality and apply secure configuration baselines at deployment.), not the particular flaw of Grant blanket access based on an internal IP address without resource authorization.

C:

This is a limitation elsewhere: An internet-facing service exposes optional debug and administrative endpoints in production by default. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

D:

This explains a later shift in requirements (A legacy process cannot supply interactive user identity but still needs a limited service integration.), not the failure of the current proposal.

Question 241

A high-value data service assumes all traffic within its office subnet is trustworthy and allows broad user access. The organization has now implemented this response: Adopt zero-trust evaluation with explicit identity, device and resource checks for each access request. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?

  1. An approved change ticket for Adopt zero-trust evaluation with explicit identity, device and resource checks for each access request. without a completed verification result.
  2. Policy tests deny unauthorized identities even from internal networks and log resource-specific decisions.
  3. The test confirms each user lacks at least one required payment step and overrides are independently reviewed.
  4. Automated configuration checks show prohibited endpoints absent from production and exceptions logged.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Policy tests deny unauthorized identities even from internal networks and log resource-specific decisions. This validates that network location alone does not establish ongoing trust or least privilege.

Incorrect Answers

A:

An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is Policy tests deny unauthorized identities even from internal networks and log resource-specific decisions.

C:

This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: An operator can both create vendor payment profiles and approve payouts from those profiles.

D:

This other observation is relevant to: An internet-facing service exposes optional debug and administrative endpoints in production by default.

Question 242

A previous security situation was: A high-value data service assumes all traffic within its office subnet is trustworthy and allows broad user access. Now the requirement changes: A legacy process cannot supply interactive user identity but still needs a limited service integration. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?

  1. Policy tests deny unauthorized identities even from internal networks and log resource-specific decisions.
  2. Use a scoped noninteractive workload identity with tightly monitored service permissions.
  3. Adopt zero-trust evaluation with explicit identity, device and resource checks for each access request.
  4. Grant blanket access based on an internal IP address without resource authorization.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Machine-to-machine identity requires purpose-bound controls rather than a broad internal-network exception. The revised action is Use a scoped noninteractive workload identity with tightly monitored service permissions.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: Policy tests deny unauthorized identities even from internal networks and log resource-specific decisions.

C:

This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Network location alone does not establish ongoing trust or least privilege. It does not directly meet the new condition.

D:

This remains inappropriate: Compromised insiders and devices may move laterally when network origin is treated as entitlement.

Question 243

An operator can both create vendor payment profiles and approve payouts from those profiles. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?

  1. Separate incompatible duties and require independently authorized approval.
  2. Allow one privileged operator to create, approve and conceal all payment changes.
  3. Use narrowly authorized break-glass with monitoring and post-event independent review.
  4. Disable unnecessary functionality and apply secure configuration baselines at deployment.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Separation of duties reduces fraud and undetected misuse within sensitive business workflows. This directly addresses the stated situation.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Unrestricted end-to-end authority defeats independent control and fraud detection. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.

C:

This is appropriate for a later condition (A genuine emergency requires immediate exceptional processing when approvers are absent.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. An exception process must preserve later accountability and avoid permanent privilege consolidation.

D:

This response addresses a different condition: An internet-facing service exposes optional debug and administrative endpoints in production by default. The present case requires the measure described by Separate incompatible duties and require independently authorized approval.

Question 244

An operator can both create vendor payment profiles and approve payouts from those profiles. A designer proposes: Allow one privileged operator to create, approve and conceal all payment changes. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. Unrestricted end-to-end authority defeats independent control and fraud detection.
  2. Compromised insiders and devices may move laterally when network origin is treated as entitlement.
  3. An exception process must preserve later accountability and avoid permanent privilege consolidation.
  4. Network location alone does not establish ongoing trust or least privilege.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Unrestricted end-to-end authority defeats independent control and fraud detection. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This is a limitation elsewhere: A high-value data service assumes all traffic within its office subnet is trustworthy and allows broad user access. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

C:

This explains a later shift in requirements (A genuine emergency requires immediate exceptional processing when approvers are absent.), not the failure of the current proposal.

D:

This is an advantage of another design (Adopt zero-trust evaluation with explicit identity, device and resource checks for each access request.), not the particular flaw of Allow one privileged operator to create, approve and conceal all payment changes.

Question 245

An operator can both create vendor payment profiles and approve payouts from those profiles. The organization has now implemented this response: Separate incompatible duties and require independently authorized approval. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?

  1. The test confirms each user lacks at least one required payment step and overrides are independently reviewed.
  2. Automated configuration checks show prohibited endpoints absent from production and exceptions logged.
  3. Policy tests deny unauthorized identities even from internal networks and log resource-specific decisions.
  4. An approved change ticket for Separate incompatible duties and require independently authorized approval. without a completed verification result.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The test confirms each user lacks at least one required payment step and overrides are independently reviewed. This validates that separation of duties reduces fraud and undetected misuse within sensitive business workflows.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: An internet-facing service exposes optional debug and administrative endpoints in production by default.

C:

This other observation is relevant to: A high-value data service assumes all traffic within its office subnet is trustworthy and allows broad user access.

D:

An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is The test confirms each user lacks at least one required payment step and overrides are independently reviewed.

Question 246

A previous security situation was: An operator can both create vendor payment profiles and approve payouts from those profiles. Now the requirement changes: A genuine emergency requires immediate exceptional processing when approvers are absent. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?

  1. Use narrowly authorized break-glass with monitoring and post-event independent review.
  2. Separate incompatible duties and require independently authorized approval.
  3. Allow one privileged operator to create, approve and conceal all payment changes.
  4. The test confirms each user lacks at least one required payment step and overrides are independently reviewed.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

An exception process must preserve later accountability and avoid permanent privilege consolidation. The revised action is Use narrowly authorized break-glass with monitoring and post-event independent review.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Separation of duties reduces fraud and undetected misuse within sensitive business workflows. It does not directly meet the new condition.

C:

This remains inappropriate: Unrestricted end-to-end authority defeats independent control and fraud detection.

D:

This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: The test confirms each user lacks at least one required payment step and overrides are independently reviewed.

Question 247

An internet-facing service exposes optional debug and administrative endpoints in production by default. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?

  1. Leave every development endpoint open because developers may need troubleshooting.
  2. Use time-limited approved diagnostic access with logging and automatic revocation.
  3. Adopt zero-trust evaluation with explicit identity, device and resource checks for each access request.
  4. Disable unnecessary functionality and apply secure configuration baselines at deployment.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Secure defaults minimize attack paths before users customize systems. This directly addresses the stated situation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Unneeded exposed functions expand risk and can bypass intended boundaries. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.

B:

This is appropriate for a later condition (The service must allow temporary remote debugging for a critical production incident.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. Temporary diagnostics require controlled exception handling, not insecure permanent defaults.

C:

This response addresses a different condition: A high-value data service assumes all traffic within its office subnet is trustworthy and allows broad user access. The present case requires the measure described by Disable unnecessary functionality and apply secure configuration baselines at deployment.

Question 248

An internet-facing service exposes optional debug and administrative endpoints in production by default. A designer proposes: Leave every development endpoint open because developers may need troubleshooting. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. Unrestricted end-to-end authority defeats independent control and fraud detection.
  2. Temporary diagnostics require controlled exception handling, not insecure permanent defaults.
  3. Separation of duties reduces fraud and undetected misuse within sensitive business workflows.
  4. Unneeded exposed functions expand risk and can bypass intended boundaries.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Unneeded exposed functions expand risk and can bypass intended boundaries. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is a limitation elsewhere: An operator can both create vendor payment profiles and approve payouts from those profiles. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

B:

This explains a later shift in requirements (The service must allow temporary remote debugging for a critical production incident.), not the failure of the current proposal.

C:

This is an advantage of another design (Separate incompatible duties and require independently authorized approval.), not the particular flaw of Leave every development endpoint open because developers may need troubleshooting.

Question 249

An internet-facing service exposes optional debug and administrative endpoints in production by default. The organization has now implemented this response: Disable unnecessary functionality and apply secure configuration baselines at deployment. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?

  1. Policy tests deny unauthorized identities even from internal networks and log resource-specific decisions.
  2. The test confirms each user lacks at least one required payment step and overrides are independently reviewed.
  3. An approved change ticket for Disable unnecessary functionality and apply secure configuration baselines at deployment. without a completed verification result.
  4. Automated configuration checks show prohibited endpoints absent from production and exceptions logged.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Automated configuration checks show prohibited endpoints absent from production and exceptions logged. This validates that secure defaults minimize attack paths before users customize systems.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A high-value data service assumes all traffic within its office subnet is trustworthy and allows broad user access.

B:

This other observation is relevant to: An operator can both create vendor payment profiles and approve payouts from those profiles.

C:

An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is Automated configuration checks show prohibited endpoints absent from production and exceptions logged.

Question 250

A previous security situation was: An internet-facing service exposes optional debug and administrative endpoints in production by default. Now the requirement changes: The service must allow temporary remote debugging for a critical production incident. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?

  1. Disable unnecessary functionality and apply secure configuration baselines at deployment.
  2. Leave every development endpoint open because developers may need troubleshooting.
  3. Automated configuration checks show prohibited endpoints absent from production and exceptions logged.
  4. Use time-limited approved diagnostic access with logging and automatic revocation.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Temporary diagnostics require controlled exception handling, not insecure permanent defaults. The revised action is Use time-limited approved diagnostic access with logging and automatic revocation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Secure defaults minimize attack paths before users customize systems. It does not directly meet the new condition.

B:

This remains inappropriate: Unneeded exposed functions expand risk and can bypass intended boundaries.

C:

This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: Automated configuration checks show prohibited endpoints absent from production and exceptions logged.

Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) Practice Tests