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Isaca CISA Practice Test 75

Question 740

An IS auditor is preparing recommendations after reviewing this situation: After a malware outbreak is closed, identical infections recur because no root-cause or control improvement work is assigned. Which recommendation would BEST address the identified weakness?

  1. Recommend restoring critical module coverage and validating findings with manual review.
  2. Recommend a risk-based coordinated containment protocol with defined emergency powers.
  3. Recommend restricted protected signing operations and independent key management oversight.
  4. Recommend post-incident root-cause actions with accountable verification deadlines.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Recommend post-incident root-cause actions with accountable verification deadlines. The relevant control principle is: Incident lessons learned should improve preventive, detective and response controls. A meaningful follow-up should establish: Repeat infections decline and validated corrective controls remain effective.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Recommend restoring critical module coverage and validating findings with manual review. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A code review tool shows no vulnerabilities after analysts exclude the main authentication module from scanning. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend post-incident root-cause actions with accountable verification deadlines. The governing distinction is: Incident lessons learned should improve preventive, detective and response controls.

B:

Recommend a risk-based coordinated containment protocol with defined emergency powers. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A security team isolates a suspicious server without informing its critical care business owner, interrupting clinical operations. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend post-incident root-cause actions with accountable verification deadlines. The governing distinction is: Incident lessons learned should improve preventive, detective and response controls.

C:

Recommend restricted protected signing operations and independent key management oversight. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A certificate authority's signing key is available to several administrators without dual control. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend post-incident root-cause actions with accountable verification deadlines. The governing distinction is: Incident lessons learned should improve preventive, detective and response controls.

Question 741

Management reports that this issue has been corrected: A routine database update causes outages because no dependency assessment included reporting services. Which result would provide the STRONGEST assurance that the issue is corrected?

  1. A controlled forwarding outage triggers timely alerting with identifiable ownership.
  2. The configuration database identifies the actual application host and dependencies.
  3. A recovery rehearsal restores the complete service within the approved RTO.
  4. Subsequent database changes preserve required reporting functionality or roll back safely.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Subsequent database changes preserve required reporting functionality or roll back safely. It addresses it change, configuration, and patch management. Underlying audit concern: Change control should assess end-to-end service dependencies and rollback feasibility.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A controlled forwarding outage triggers timely alerting with identifiable ownership. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: Security logs are forwarded to a central platform but administrators can disable forwarding without generating an alert. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: Subsequent database changes preserve required reporting functionality or roll back safely. The governing distinction is: Change control should assess end-to-end service dependencies and rollback feasibility.

B:

The configuration database identifies the actual application host and dependencies. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A configuration database lists a retired server as the active owner of a production application. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: Subsequent database changes preserve required reporting functionality or roll back safely. The governing distinction is: Change control should assess end-to-end service dependencies and rollback feasibility.

C:

A recovery rehearsal restores the complete service within the approved RTO. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A business owner specifies a one-hour RTO but has never identified which external dependencies must also be restored. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: Subsequent database changes preserve required reporting functionality or roll back safely. The governing distinction is: Change control should assess end-to-end service dependencies and rollback feasibility.

Question 742

An IS auditor is preparing recommendations after reviewing this situation: Fieldwork expands to a new subsidiary without updating the approved engagement scope or communicating budget impact. Which recommendation would BEST address the identified weakness?

  1. Calibrate the detection and corroborate material exceptions before reporting control failure.
  2. Obtain documented authorization for the scope adjustment and rebaseline the plan.
  3. Present a concise prioritized executive summary with detailed workpapers available on request.
  4. Complete and document supervisory review before finalizing the report.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Obtain documented authorization for the scope adjustment and rebaseline the plan. The relevant control principle is: Material scope changes require controlled approval, resource assessment and stakeholder communication. A meaningful follow-up should establish: The revised charter, staffing and completion criteria agree with actual work performed.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Calibrate the detection and corroborate material exceptions before reporting control failure. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: An anomaly model ranks high-value payments as suspicious but the auditor cannot explain its scoring or false-positive rate. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Obtain documented authorization for the scope adjustment and rebaseline the plan. The governing distinction is: Material scope changes require controlled approval, resource assessment and stakeholder communication.

C:

Present a concise prioritized executive summary with detailed workpapers available on request. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A board report includes hundreds of raw test details but fails to distinguish enterprise-critical findings. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Obtain documented authorization for the scope adjustment and rebaseline the plan. The governing distinction is: Material scope changes require controlled approval, resource assessment and stakeholder communication.

D:

Complete and document supervisory review before finalizing the report. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: An audit manager signs the report although a junior tester's exceptions have not received independent review. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Obtain documented authorization for the scope adjustment and rebaseline the plan. The governing distinction is: Material scope changes require controlled approval, resource assessment and stakeholder communication.

Question 743

Before reaching an audit conclusion, consider: An auditor flags duplicated supplier invoices by invoice number alone and ignores vendor identifiers and credit notes. Which evidence should the auditor review FIRST to evaluate this risk?

  1. Inspect model inputs, thresholds, precision results and representative flagged cases.
  2. Inspect data model, supplier identifiers, credit indicators and reconciliation counts.
  3. Reconcile HR departures and access history against the access extract's coverage dates.
  4. Recalculate the deviation rate, sample size, population and observed exceptions.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Inspect data model, supplier identifiers, credit indicators and reconciliation counts. The governing principle is: Analytics rules need valid business keys and exception handling to avoid false conclusions.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Inspect model inputs, thresholds, precision results and representative flagged cases. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: An anomaly model ranks high-value payments as suspicious but the auditor cannot explain its scoring or false-positive rate. In the present case, the most directly relevant audit step is: Inspect data model, supplier identifiers, credit indicators and reconciliation counts. The governing distinction is: Analytics rules need valid business keys and exception handling to avoid false conclusions.

C:

Reconcile HR departures and access history against the access extract's coverage dates. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A database access audit receives a file containing only current active users although it must assess leavers over the last quarter. In the present case, the most directly relevant audit step is: Inspect data model, supplier identifiers, credit indicators and reconciliation counts. The governing distinction is: Analytics rules need valid business keys and exception handling to avoid false conclusions.

D:

Recalculate the deviation rate, sample size, population and observed exceptions. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A sample of authorized changes contains failures, yet the auditor extrapolates a zero-percent exception rate. In the present case, the most directly relevant audit step is: Inspect data model, supplier identifiers, credit indicators and reconciliation counts. The governing distinction is: Analytics rules need valid business keys and exception handling to avoid false conclusions.

Question 744

Management reports that this issue has been corrected: A team stores database encryption keys in the same unrestricted repository as encrypted backups. Which result would provide the STRONGEST assurance that the issue is corrected?

  1. A lost-device simulation prevents continued corporate access without authorization.
  2. DLP alerts retain useful coverage while confirmed legitimate workflows have fewer unjustified blocks.
  3. Unauthorized large plaintext exports are prevented or promptly detected despite disk encryption.
  4. A backup-copy compromise does not grant unauthorized access to the decryption keys.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

A backup-copy compromise does not grant unauthorized access to the decryption keys. It addresses data encryption. Underlying audit concern: Key management separation is essential to preserve confidentiality and recovery security.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A lost-device simulation prevents continued corporate access without authorization. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A lost employee phone still accesses confidential mail because device compliance and remote wipe were never enabled. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: A backup-copy compromise does not grant unauthorized access to the decryption keys. The governing distinction is: Key management separation is essential to preserve confidentiality and recovery security.

B:

DLP alerts retain useful coverage while confirmed legitimate workflows have fewer unjustified blocks. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A research team labels every file confidential, generating excessive DLP false positives and routine overrides. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: A backup-copy compromise does not grant unauthorized access to the decryption keys. The governing distinction is: Key management separation is essential to preserve confidentiality and recovery security.

C:

Unauthorized large plaintext exports are prevented or promptly detected despite disk encryption. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A database encrypts storage disks but application administrators can export plaintext sensitive records without monitoring. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: A backup-copy compromise does not grant unauthorized access to the decryption keys. The governing distinction is: Key management separation is essential to preserve confidentiality and recovery security.

Question 745

An IS auditor is preparing recommendations after reviewing this situation: A hospital chooses a cloud imaging service without confirming network reliability or clinical response needs. Which recommendation would BEST address the identified weakness?

  1. Recommend end-to-end record reconciliation and disposition of transformation errors.
  2. Recommend a proof of feasibility against critical clinical and regulatory criteria.
  3. Recommend a structured post-implementation review with improvement assignments.
  4. Recommend a full business case including operational costs and sensitivity analysis.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Recommend a proof of feasibility against critical clinical and regulatory criteria. The relevant control principle is: Feasibility studies should test technical, operational and compliance constraints before selection. A meaningful follow-up should establish: Representative imaging workflow meets agreed performance and data-handling requirements.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Recommend end-to-end record reconciliation and disposition of transformation errors. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A data migration design encrypts transfers but does not detect missing or duplicated customer records. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend a proof of feasibility against critical clinical and regulatory criteria. The governing distinction is: Feasibility studies should test technical, operational and compliance constraints before selection.

C:

Recommend a structured post-implementation review with improvement assignments. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A completed software project is archived without documenting incidents and change causes from the first operating month. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend a proof of feasibility against critical clinical and regulatory criteria. The governing distinction is: Feasibility studies should test technical, operational and compliance constraints before selection.

D:

Recommend a full business case including operational costs and sensitivity analysis. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: An automation business case counts staff savings but omits new licenses, monitoring and transition costs. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend a proof of feasibility against critical clinical and regulatory criteria. The governing distinction is: Feasibility studies should test technical, operational and compliance constraints before selection.

Question 746

Before reaching an audit conclusion, consider: Regional IT teams follow conflicting change-control procedures even though one enterprise policy applies. Which evidence should the auditor review FIRST to evaluate this risk?

  1. Inspect portability clauses, data format, transition timing and alternative service readiness.
  2. Inspect exception inventory, supported cloud capabilities, risk assessments and approval rights.
  3. Compare local workflows, enterprise policy requirements and approved deviations.
  4. Compare vendor entitlements, deployments, retirements and usage evidence.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Compare local workflows, enterprise policy requirements and approved deviations. The governing principle is: Inconsistent procedures can weaken implementation of a common governance control.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Inspect portability clauses, data format, transition timing and alternative service readiness. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A critical provider exits the market and the customer has no usable data export or transition rights. In the present case, the most directly relevant audit step is: Compare local workflows, enterprise policy requirements and approved deviations. The governing distinction is: Inconsistent procedures can weaken implementation of a common governance control.

B:

Inspect exception inventory, supported cloud capabilities, risk assessments and approval rights. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A legacy security standard remains mandatory even though new approved cloud services cannot technically meet it. In the present case, the most directly relevant audit step is: Compare local workflows, enterprise policy requirements and approved deviations. The governing distinction is: Inconsistent procedures can weaken implementation of a common governance control.

D:

Compare vendor entitlements, deployments, retirements and usage evidence. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: Software licenses are renewed using last year's device counts despite major decommissioning. In the present case, the most directly relevant audit step is: Compare local workflows, enterprise policy requirements and approved deviations. The governing distinction is: Inconsistent procedures can weaken implementation of a common governance control.

Question 747

Before reaching an audit conclusion, consider: A cloud provider's assurance report covers physical facilities but the customer's tenant encryption and IAM are untested. Which evidence should the auditor review FIRST to evaluate this risk?

  1. Review regulatory differences, baseline requirements, risk assessments and exception approvals.
  2. Compare simulation outcomes, repeat behavior, reporting rates and learner groups.
  3. Map shared-responsibility controls and review customer policies, logs and service settings.
  4. Review virtual infrastructure roles, snapshot events, datastore permissions and monitoring.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Map shared-responsibility controls and review customer policies, logs and service settings. The governing principle is: Provider assurances do not automatically cover customer-operated security responsibilities.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Review regulatory differences, baseline requirements, risk assessments and exception approvals. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A regional business copies a global security baseline but has no documented exceptions for local privacy restrictions. In the present case, the most directly relevant audit step is: Map shared-responsibility controls and review customer policies, logs and service settings. The governing distinction is: Provider assurances do not automatically cover customer-operated security responsibilities.

B:

Compare simulation outcomes, repeat behavior, reporting rates and learner groups. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: Annual phishing training records show high completion but employees repeatedly submit credentials to simulated malicious sites. In the present case, the most directly relevant audit step is: Map shared-responsibility controls and review customer policies, logs and service settings. The governing distinction is: Provider assurances do not automatically cover customer-operated security responsibilities.

D:

Review virtual infrastructure roles, snapshot events, datastore permissions and monitoring. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A virtualization administrator can snapshot and download regulated production virtual machines without oversight. In the present case, the most directly relevant audit step is: Map shared-responsibility controls and review customer policies, logs and service settings. The governing distinction is: Provider assurances do not automatically cover customer-operated security responsibilities.

Question 748

An IS auditor is preparing recommendations after reviewing this situation: A team stores database encryption keys in the same unrestricted repository as encrypted backups. Which recommendation would BEST address the identified weakness?

  1. Recommend protected key custody with restricted access and recoverable separation.
  2. Recommend complementary least-privilege access, export monitoring and key governance.
  3. Recommend evidence-based outcome grading and remediation of tested control gaps.
  4. Recommend least-privilege template controls and automated exposure monitoring.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Recommend protected key custody with restricted access and recoverable separation. The relevant control principle is: Key management separation is essential to preserve confidentiality and recovery security. A meaningful follow-up should establish: A backup-copy compromise does not grant unauthorized access to the decryption keys.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Recommend complementary least-privilege access, export monitoring and key governance. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A database encrypts storage disks but application administrators can export plaintext sensitive records without monitoring. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend protected key custody with restricted access and recoverable separation. The governing distinction is: Key management separation is essential to preserve confidentiality and recovery security.

C:

Recommend evidence-based outcome grading and remediation of tested control gaps. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A red-team exercise reports success based on one simulated phishing click without demonstrating access or business impact. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend protected key custody with restricted access and recoverable separation. The governing distinction is: Key management separation is essential to preserve confidentiality and recovery security.

D:

Recommend least-privilege template controls and automated exposure monitoring. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A cloud storage bucket used for personnel data becomes publicly readable after a template change. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend protected key custody with restricted access and recoverable separation. The governing distinction is: Key management separation is essential to preserve confidentiality and recovery security.

Question 749

An IS auditor evaluates this situation: An agile team delivers features every sprint but security stories are never included in the product backlog. Which audit principle MOST directly applies to this situation?

  1. Production readiness needs business acceptance and control testing beyond unit coverage.
  2. Automation should enforce appropriate separation of duties and production-release control.
  3. Post-implementation review should assess realized business outcomes as well as delivery.
  4. An iterative development method still requires risks and controls within its delivery process.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

An iterative development method still requires risks and controls within its delivery process. The corresponding audit procedure is: Examine backlog prioritization, definition of done, security tests and sprint acceptance.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Production readiness needs business acceptance and control testing beyond unit coverage. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A payroll release passes developer unit tests but has never completed end-to-end statutory deduction testing. In the present case, the most directly relevant principle is: An iterative development method still requires risks and controls within its delivery process. The governing distinction is: An iterative development method still requires risks and controls within its delivery process.

B:

Automation should enforce appropriate separation of duties and production-release control. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A DevOps team deploys from automated pipelines with no independent approval for sensitive production promotions. In the present case, the most directly relevant principle is: An iterative development method still requires risks and controls within its delivery process. The governing distinction is: An iterative development method still requires risks and controls within its delivery process.

C:

Post-implementation review should assess realized business outcomes as well as delivery. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A new HR system meets its technical go-live date but fails the promised reduction in onboarding time. In the present case, the most directly relevant principle is: An iterative development method still requires risks and controls within its delivery process. The governing distinction is: An iterative development method still requires risks and controls within its delivery process.

Question 750

Before reaching an audit conclusion, consider: Emergency administrator accounts are exempt from monitoring and are never tested until an outage. Which evidence should the auditor review FIRST to evaluate this risk?

  1. Trace approved application flows, firewall rules and actual connection logs.
  2. Inspect export permissions, access volumes, file labels and DLP policy coverage.
  3. Examine emergency account custody, activation records, monitoring and reset procedures.
  4. Reconcile HR termination timestamps, application login records and account disablement.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Examine emergency account custody, activation records, monitoring and reset procedures. The governing principle is: Break-glass access must be controlled, logged, tested and periodically reauthorized.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Trace approved application flows, firewall rules and actual connection logs. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A production network permits unrestricted traffic from user workstations to a sensitive payment database. In the present case, the most directly relevant audit step is: Examine emergency account custody, activation records, monitoring and reset procedures. The governing distinction is: Break-glass access must be controlled, logged, tested and periodically reauthorized.

B:

Inspect export permissions, access volumes, file labels and DLP policy coverage. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A customer service portal allows employees to export unrestricted copies of all customer identity documents. In the present case, the most directly relevant audit step is: Examine emergency account custody, activation records, monitoring and reset procedures. The governing distinction is: Break-glass access must be controlled, logged, tested and periodically reauthorized.

D:

Reconcile HR termination timestamps, application login records and account disablement. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A departed finance employee's account remains enabled in a payroll application after HR termination. In the present case, the most directly relevant audit step is: Examine emergency account custody, activation records, monitoring and reset procedures. The governing distinction is: Break-glass access must be controlled, logged, tested and periodically reauthorized.

Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA) Practice Tests