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Isaca CISA Practice Test 43

Question 420

Management reports that this issue has been corrected: A cloud-hosted application has healthy virtual machines but customer logins fail when its external identity service is unavailable. Which result would provide the STRONGEST assurance that the issue is corrected?

  1. Representative warehouse transactions continue correctly after the planned router change.
  2. A safe identity outage test produces expected user behavior and timely alerts.
  3. A controlled forwarding outage triggers timely alerting with identifiable ownership.
  4. An outage simulation shows no unexplained data loss and controlled eventual reconciliation.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

A safe identity outage test produces expected user behavior and timely alerts. It addresses it components. Underlying audit concern: Infrastructure health alone does not represent availability of external service dependencies.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Representative warehouse transactions continue correctly after the planned router change. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A network router is upgraded without identifying the legacy protocol needed by an older warehouse controller. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: A safe identity outage test produces expected user behavior and timely alerts. The governing distinction is: Infrastructure health alone does not represent availability of external service dependencies.

C:

A controlled forwarding outage triggers timely alerting with identifiable ownership. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: Security logs are forwarded to a central platform but administrators can disable forwarding without generating an alert. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: A safe identity outage test produces expected user behavior and timely alerts. The governing distinction is: Infrastructure health alone does not represent availability of external service dependencies.

D:

An outage simulation shows no unexplained data loss and controlled eventual reconciliation. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A cloud event bus drops messages during an outage and consuming systems never replay them. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: A safe identity outage test produces expected user behavior and timely alerts. The governing distinction is: Infrastructure health alone does not represent availability of external service dependencies.

Question 421

An IS auditor is preparing recommendations after reviewing this situation: Management accepts monthly vendor summaries without independently checking service-level breaches. Which recommendation would BEST address the identified weakness?

  1. Recommend a formally assessed update or compensating control with time-bound approval.
  2. Recommend an executable exit strategy with contractual assistance and tested exports.
  3. Recommend service-level indicators that correlate technical health with business availability.
  4. Recommend independent service-level validation and dispute or corrective-action processes.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Recommend independent service-level validation and dispute or corrective-action processes. The relevant control principle is: Oversight needs verified performance evidence and appropriate challenge of provider claims. A meaningful follow-up should establish: Reported breaches and service credits reconcile to authoritative operations evidence.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Recommend a formally assessed update or compensating control with time-bound approval. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A legacy security standard remains mandatory even though new approved cloud services cannot technically meet it. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend independent service-level validation and dispute or corrective-action processes. The governing distinction is: Oversight needs verified performance evidence and appropriate challenge of provider claims.

B:

Recommend an executable exit strategy with contractual assistance and tested exports. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A critical provider exits the market and the customer has no usable data export or transition rights. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend independent service-level validation and dispute or corrective-action processes. The governing distinction is: Oversight needs verified performance evidence and appropriate challenge of provider claims.

C:

Recommend service-level indicators that correlate technical health with business availability. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: The IT dashboard shows 100 percent server uptime while customers report failed checkout transactions. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend independent service-level validation and dispute or corrective-action processes. The governing distinction is: Oversight needs verified performance evidence and appropriate challenge of provider claims.

Question 422

An IS auditor is preparing recommendations after reviewing this situation: A vendor's product demonstration uses sanitized sample data while the production workload needs complex legacy mappings. Which recommendation would BEST address the identified weakness?

  1. Recommend a proof of feasibility against critical clinical and regulatory criteria.
  2. Recommend a representative integration proof of concept before final procurement approval.
  3. Recommend preventive entitlement checks and independent monitoring in design acceptance criteria.
  4. Recommend risk-based release gates and accountable authorization in the pipeline.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Recommend a representative integration proof of concept before final procurement approval. The relevant control principle is: Feasibility conclusions require representative conditions and identified implementation constraints. A meaningful follow-up should establish: Pilot data flows reconcile successfully against real-world mapping and exception requirements.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Recommend a proof of feasibility against critical clinical and regulatory criteria. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A hospital chooses a cloud imaging service without confirming network reliability or clinical response needs. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend a representative integration proof of concept before final procurement approval. The governing distinction is: Feasibility conclusions require representative conditions and identified implementation constraints.

C:

Recommend preventive entitlement checks and independent monitoring in design acceptance criteria. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A new web checkout design addresses user experience but fails to define controls for unauthorized refund changes. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend a representative integration proof of concept before final procurement approval. The governing distinction is: Feasibility conclusions require representative conditions and identified implementation constraints.

D:

Recommend risk-based release gates and accountable authorization in the pipeline. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A DevOps team deploys from automated pipelines with no independent approval for sensitive production promotions. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend a representative integration proof of concept before final procurement approval. The governing distinction is: Feasibility conclusions require representative conditions and identified implementation constraints.

Question 423

An IS auditor is preparing recommendations after reviewing this situation: A finance spreadsheet contains confidential salary data but is labeled public in the enterprise catalog. Which recommendation would BEST address the identified weakness?

  1. Recommend correcting its label and enforcing corresponding access and handling requirements.
  2. Recommend an accountable data steward and controlled master-data quality process.
  3. Recommend assigned regulatory monitoring and change approval for affected compliance procedures.
  4. Recommend service-level indicators that correlate technical health with business availability.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Recommend correcting its label and enforcing corresponding access and handling requirements. The relevant control principle is: Classification should reflect data sensitivity, business purpose and governing requirements. A meaningful follow-up should establish: Catalog labels, permissions and sample data handling match the approved classification.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Recommend an accountable data steward and controlled master-data quality process. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: Multiple business units publish different values for the same customer account status without a nominated data steward. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend correcting its label and enforcing corresponding access and handling requirements. The governing distinction is: Classification should reflect data sensitivity, business purpose and governing requirements.

C:

Recommend assigned regulatory monitoring and change approval for affected compliance procedures. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A bank's compliance register still lists a superseded regulatory reporting deadline after a rule change. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend correcting its label and enforcing corresponding access and handling requirements. The governing distinction is: Classification should reflect data sensitivity, business purpose and governing requirements.

D:

Recommend service-level indicators that correlate technical health with business availability. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: The IT dashboard shows 100 percent server uptime while customers report failed checkout transactions. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend correcting its label and enforcing corresponding access and handling requirements. The governing distinction is: Classification should reflect data sensitivity, business purpose and governing requirements.

Question 424

Management reports that this issue has been corrected: An auditor samples only Monday transactions to conclude that weekend payments were controlled effectively. Which result would provide the STRONGEST assurance that the issue is corrected?

  1. The sample frame and selection method demonstrably cover the stated transaction population.
  2. The revised charter, staffing and completion criteria agree with actual work performed.
  3. The final communication accurately distinguishes advice from an independently supported assurance opinion.
  4. Each sampled leaver can be traced from HR termination to historical account status and removal time.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The sample frame and selection method demonstrably cover the stated transaction population. It addresses audit testing and sampling methodology. Underlying audit concern: A nonrepresentative selection can lead to unsupported conclusions about the entire population.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The revised charter, staffing and completion criteria agree with actual work performed. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: Fieldwork expands to a new subsidiary without updating the approved engagement scope or communicating budget impact. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: The sample frame and selection method demonstrably cover the stated transaction population. The governing distinction is: A nonrepresentative selection can lead to unsupported conclusions about the entire population.

C:

The final communication accurately distinguishes advice from an independently supported assurance opinion. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: Management calls a readiness workshop a completed audit even though no testing or assurance opinion was planned. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: The sample frame and selection method demonstrably cover the stated transaction population. The governing distinction is: A nonrepresentative selection can lead to unsupported conclusions about the entire population.

D:

Each sampled leaver can be traced from HR termination to historical account status and removal time. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A database access audit receives a file containing only current active users although it must assess leavers over the last quarter. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: The sample frame and selection method demonstrably cover the stated transaction population. The governing distinction is: A nonrepresentative selection can lead to unsupported conclusions about the entire population.

Question 425

Management reports that this issue has been corrected: A major cyber outage is escalated only after normal helpdesk response times expire. Which result would provide the STRONGEST assurance that the issue is corrected?

  1. Trained staff complete representative customer calls from the alternate site.
  2. A sample transaction completes correctly and accountable users confirm recovery.
  3. A simulated severe incident reaches designated decision-makers within defined thresholds.
  4. Business totals reconcile before and after authorized schema changes.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A simulated severe incident reaches designated decision-makers within defined thresholds. It addresses problem and incident management. Underlying audit concern: Severe incidents require priority-based classification and timely escalation paths.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Trained staff complete representative customer calls from the alternate site. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A call center continuity binder lists alternate desks but employees cannot access the customer service application from that location. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: A simulated severe incident reaches designated decision-makers within defined thresholds. The governing distinction is: Severe incidents require priority-based classification and timely escalation paths.

B:

A sample transaction completes correctly and accountable users confirm recovery. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: Operations declares an incident resolved because a server restarted, although business transactions remain stuck. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: A simulated severe incident reaches designated decision-makers within defined thresholds. The governing distinction is: Severe incidents require priority-based classification and timely escalation paths.

D:

Business totals reconcile before and after authorized schema changes. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A DBA changes production schema directly, causing an analytics extract to return wrong totals. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: A simulated severe incident reaches designated decision-makers within defined thresholds. The governing distinction is: Severe incidents require priority-based classification and timely escalation paths.

Question 426

An IS auditor is preparing recommendations after reviewing this situation: A supplier SLA measures network interface uptime while the business requires successful customer transactions. Which recommendation would BEST address the identified weakness?

  1. Recommend proactive log management and capacity alarms without impairing recovery.
  2. Recommend business-service indicators and contractual accountability for meaningful failures.
  3. Recommend sustained remediation, contingency planning and governance escalation.
  4. Recommend accountable patch SLAs, validated deployment and approved time-limited exceptions.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Recommend business-service indicators and contractual accountability for meaningful failures. The relevant control principle is: Service agreements should define measurable outcomes aligned with customer needs. A meaningful follow-up should establish: Reported service levels capture transaction outages even when network links are healthy.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Recommend proactive log management and capacity alarms without impairing recovery. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: Database transaction logs fill the only disk volume and cause a payment service outage. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend business-service indicators and contractual accountability for meaningful failures. The governing distinction is: Service agreements should define measurable outcomes aligned with customer needs.

C:

Recommend sustained remediation, contingency planning and governance escalation. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A data processing vendor consistently misses recovery times but management pays service credits without correcting the cause. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend business-service indicators and contractual accountability for meaningful failures. The governing distinction is: Service agreements should define measurable outcomes aligned with customer needs.

D:

Recommend accountable patch SLAs, validated deployment and approved time-limited exceptions. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A security patch is applied on test servers but production remains vulnerable for months without risk approval. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend business-service indicators and contractual accountability for meaningful failures. The governing distinction is: Service agreements should define measurable outcomes aligned with customer needs.

Question 427

Management reports that this issue has been corrected: A cloud architecture exception bypasses the organization's target zero-trust network segmentation without review. Which result would provide the STRONGEST assurance that the issue is corrected?

  1. Expired exceptions close or are explicitly renewed with current evidence and risk ownership.
  2. Approved exceptions have time limits, compensating controls and technical enforcement evidence.
  3. Approved architecture records explain shared or separated platforms and their tradeoffs.
  4. Board risk views disclose significant exposures without misleading cross-category comparisons.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Approved exceptions have time limits, compensating controls and technical enforcement evidence. It addresses enterprise architecture and considerations. Underlying audit concern: Architectural deviations require formal risk evaluation and ownership.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Expired exceptions close or are explicitly renewed with current evidence and risk ownership. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A vendor incident triggers a temporary exception but the residual risk is never reconsidered after six months. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: Approved exceptions have time limits, compensating controls and technical enforcement evidence. The governing distinction is: Architectural deviations require formal risk evaluation and ownership.

C:

Approved architecture records explain shared or separated platforms and their tradeoffs. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A new acquisition builds duplicate identity and messaging platforms without considering existing enterprise capabilities. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: Approved exceptions have time limits, compensating controls and technical enforcement evidence. The governing distinction is: Architectural deviations require formal risk evaluation and ownership.

D:

Board risk views disclose significant exposures without misleading cross-category comparisons. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: An enterprise applies one numeric risk score to cyber, safety and privacy exposures despite different materiality definitions. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: Approved exceptions have time limits, compensating controls and technical enforcement evidence. The governing distinction is: Architectural deviations require formal risk evaluation and ownership.

Question 428

Management reports that this issue has been corrected: A data processing vendor consistently misses recovery times but management pays service credits without correcting the cause. Which result would provide the STRONGEST assurance that the issue is corrected?

  1. The configuration database identifies the actual application host and dependencies.
  2. Recovery performance meets required levels or management implements a documented alternative.
  3. A cross-vendor incident reaches an accountable resolver and meets agreed response rules.
  4. A site-loss simulation processes representative payments through the recovery location.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Recovery performance meets required levels or management implements a documented alternative. It addresses it service level management. Underlying audit concern: Service credits alone may not address underlying operational and continuity risk.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The configuration database identifies the actual application host and dependencies. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A configuration database lists a retired server as the active owner of a production application. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: Recovery performance meets required levels or management implements a documented alternative. The governing distinction is: Service credits alone may not address underlying operational and continuity risk.

C:

A cross-vendor incident reaches an accountable resolver and meets agreed response rules. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: An internal support agreement omits escalation responsibilities for incidents spanning two suppliers. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: Recovery performance meets required levels or management implements a documented alternative. The governing distinction is: Service credits alone may not address underlying operational and continuity risk.

D:

A site-loss simulation processes representative payments through the recovery location. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A recovery site has servers but no validated link to the payment network after a facility loss. In the present case, the most directly relevant verification is: Recovery performance meets required levels or management implements a documented alternative. The governing distinction is: Service credits alone may not address underlying operational and continuity risk.

Question 429

An IS auditor evaluates this situation: A business owner specifies a one-hour RTO but has never identified which external dependencies must also be restored. Which audit principle MOST directly applies to this situation?

  1. DR readiness should be tested under credible operational demand and resource constraints.
  2. Recovery objectives must include process dependencies and end-to-end recovery viability.
  3. Infrastructure component changes require compatibility and interface impact assessment.
  4. Business impact includes legal, safety, customer and operational harm beyond revenue.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Recovery objectives must include process dependencies and end-to-end recovery viability. The corresponding audit procedure is: Map payment partners, identity, network, staff and data needed for the service.

Incorrect Answers

A:

DR readiness should be tested under credible operational demand and resource constraints. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A company rehearses DR annually on a clean weekend but its live recovery window overlaps payroll peaks and storage contention. In the present case, the most directly relevant principle is: Recovery objectives must include process dependencies and end-to-end recovery viability. The governing distinction is: Recovery objectives must include process dependencies and end-to-end recovery viability.

C:

Infrastructure component changes require compatibility and interface impact assessment. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A network router is upgraded without identifying the legacy protocol needed by an older warehouse controller. In the present case, the most directly relevant principle is: Recovery objectives must include process dependencies and end-to-end recovery viability. The governing distinction is: Recovery objectives must include process dependencies and end-to-end recovery viability.

D:

Business impact includes legal, safety, customer and operational harm beyond revenue. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: Continuity leadership bases recovery priorities on annual revenue only and ignores safety-critical low-volume services. In the present case, the most directly relevant principle is: Recovery objectives must include process dependencies and end-to-end recovery viability. The governing distinction is: Recovery objectives must include process dependencies and end-to-end recovery viability.

Question 430

An IS auditor is preparing recommendations after reviewing this situation: A redundant web cluster shares one DNS resolver and becomes inaccessible when that resolver fails. Which recommendation would BEST address the identified weakness?

  1. Recommend auditable emergency change controls with post-implementation oversight.
  2. Recommend capacity thresholds and a validated scale plan before peak season.
  3. Recommend resilient name resolution and failure testing for critical client access.
  4. Recommend severity-triggered rapid escalation and tested incident playbooks.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Recommend resilient name resolution and failure testing for critical client access. The relevant control principle is: Availability analysis must include upstream shared dependencies, not just redundant hosts. A meaningful follow-up should establish: A DNS component outage does not exceed the agreed service interruption target.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Recommend auditable emergency change controls with post-implementation oversight. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: An urgent firewall change is deployed without a ticket and later cannot be attributed to an approver. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend resilient name resolution and failure testing for critical client access. The governing distinction is: Availability analysis must include upstream shared dependencies, not just redundant hosts.

B:

Recommend capacity thresholds and a validated scale plan before peak season. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A transaction platform runs at high average CPU and has no measured headroom for seasonal spikes. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend resilient name resolution and failure testing for critical client access. The governing distinction is: Availability analysis must include upstream shared dependencies, not just redundant hosts.

D:

Recommend severity-triggered rapid escalation and tested incident playbooks. This would be relevant to a different issue such as: A major cyber outage is escalated only after normal helpdesk response times expire. In the present case, the most directly relevant recommendation is: Recommend resilient name resolution and failure testing for critical client access. The governing distinction is: Availability analysis must include upstream shared dependencies, not just redundant hosts.

Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA) Practice Tests