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Cisco 350-501 Practice Test 42

Question 410

For an original SPCOR service-provider engineering scenario, consider: A provider needs traffic to cross a specific parallel core link but its SR policy uses only the destination node SID, allowing normal ECMP to choose another link. Select TWO complementary steps: the targeted correction and its strongest prechange validation.

  1. Change: Allocate unique intended prefix SID indexes and validate advertised SRGB information and effective labels on participating routers.
  2. Change: Combine node and adjacency SIDs in a segment list with proper endpoint locality and imposed stack depth for an explicit steering requirement.
  3. Use only a destination node SID and promise deterministic traversal of a particular ECMP member without an adjacency segment.
  4. Check: Compare IGP interface cost and SPF route, LDP session progress and LFIB entries during link bounce on each core router.
  5. Check: Trace segment-list execution, SR label stack and the adjacency owner at each hop using a forced parallel-link test.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence. Acceptance: The steered flow crosses the required link and falls back safely if that adjacency is not available.

E:

A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence. Required intervention: Combine node and adjacency SIDs in a segment list with proper endpoint locality and imposed stack depth for an explicit steering requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This option addresses a different service provider engineering topic (SR-MPLS prefix SID allocation and consistency) rather than the documented SR adjacency SID and explicit segment list composition decision.

C:

For this select two assessment, the shortcut changes or bypasses the necessary routing, service or operational boundary rather than correcting it. A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence.

D:

Check: Compare IGP interface cost and SPF route, LDP session progress and LFIB entries during link bounce on each core router. A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence.

Question 411

A service provider network engineer is reviewing this backbone or customer-service scenario: A headend injects a local adjacency SID from an unrelated node into a segment list and expects it to be meaningful from any router in the domain. A proposed shortcut is: Use only a destination node SID and promise deterministic traversal of a particular ECMP member without an adjacency segment. What should the service provider engineer recommend as the narrowly scoped correction? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Use only a destination node SID and promise deterministic traversal of a particular ECMP member without an adjacency segment.
  2. Combine node and adjacency SIDs in a segment list with proper endpoint locality and imposed stack depth for an explicit steering requirement.
  3. Interpret MPLS label operations, bottom-of-stack state and egress handling based on the signaled FEC and selected pop or explicit-null behavior.
  4. Use MPLS-aware OAM and label-stack inspection to verify LSP forwarding and localize transport failures separate from ordinary IP reachability.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This targeted action addresses the observed service-provider control or forwarding gap without discarding necessary controls. A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence. Use this instead: Combine node and adjacency SIDs in a segment list with proper endpoint locality and imposed stack depth for an explicit steering requirement.

C:

Interpret MPLS label operations, bottom-of-stack state and egress handling based on the signaled FEC and selected pop or explicit-null behavior. A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence.

D:

Use MPLS-aware OAM and label-stack inspection to verify LSP forwarding and localize transport failures separate from ordinary IP reachability. A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence.

Question 412

A Cisco service provider design review finds: A headend injects a local adjacency SID from an unrelated node into a segment list and expects it to be meaningful from any router in the domain. The team proposes: Combine node and adjacency SIDs in a segment list with proper endpoint locality and imposed stack depth for an explicit steering requirement. Which engineering principle most strongly supports the recommended response? Select ONE best answer.

  1. MPLS core VPN traffic may be blackholed when IGP selects a path before its label transport is operational; LDP synchronization delays cost restoration.
  2. A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence.
  3. SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic.
  4. LDP session protection can preserve an established LDP session using alternate IP reachability during local link interruptions but depends on continued peer transport.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Demonstrable success requires: The steered flow crosses the required link and falls back safely if that adjacency is not available. This principle explains the proposed technical approach, which is: Combine node and adjacency SIDs in a segment list with proper endpoint locality and imposed stack depth for an explicit steering requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

MPLS core VPN traffic may be blackholed when IGP selects a path before its label transport is operational; LDP synchronization delays cost restoration. A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence.

C:

SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic. This option addresses a different service provider engineering topic (SR policy candidate paths and SRTE endpoint steering) rather than the documented SR adjacency SID and explicit segment list composition decision. The case-specific mechanism is: A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence. The relevant action is: Combine node and adjacency SIDs in a segment list with proper endpoint locality and imposed stack depth for an explicit steering requirement. Discriminating evidence: Trace segment-list execution, SR label stack and the adjacency owner at each hop using a forced parallel-link test. Applied case: A headend injects a local adjacency SID from an unrelated node into a segment list and expects it to be meaningful from any router in the domain.

D:

LDP session protection can preserve an established LDP session using alternate IP reachability during local link interruptions but depends on continued peer transport. A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence.

Question 413

The service provider operations team has not yet approved a change. Current evidence indicates: A headend injects a local adjacency SID from an unrelated node into a segment list and expects it to be meaningful from any router in the domain. Which evidence best tests the technical diagnosis before approving a disruptive change? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Inspect LDP discovery and session state, transport address routing, label binding and hardware forwarding labels along the path.
  2. Trace segment-list execution, SR label stack and the adjacency owner at each hop using a forced parallel-link test.
  3. Trace remote PE loopback route and label advertisements through each border node, then validate transport LSP and VPN service forwarding.
  4. Inspect PCEP session state, computed path constraints, delegated policy ownership, SID reachability and actual headend candidate state.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence. Confirm afterward that: The steered flow crosses the required link and falls back safely if that adjacency is not available.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Inspect LDP discovery and session state, transport address routing, label binding and hardware forwarding labels along the path. A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence.

C:

This option addresses a different service provider engineering topic (Unified MPLS core and BGP labeled unicast transport) rather than the documented SR adjacency SID and explicit segment list composition decision.

D:

This option addresses a different service provider engineering topic (PCE-PCC delegation and SRTE path computation) rather than the documented SR adjacency SID and explicit segment list composition decision.

Question 414

A candidate correction has been tested and the platform team requires a post-change acceptance check. Original problem: A headend injects a local adjacency SID from an unrelated node into a segment list and expects it to be meaningful from any router in the domain. The carrier operations owner needs positive and negative tests showing existing customer services remain available. Which acceptance result demonstrates correct service provider forwarding and control behavior without disrupting authorized workflows? Select ONE best answer.

  1. The steered flow crosses the required link and falls back safely if that adjacency is not available.
  2. Protected traffic continues through a verified loop-free repair path while IGP converges to a stable new route.
  3. Targeted traffic follows the active approved policy and reacts predictably when the selected candidate becomes invalid.
  4. The faulty label operation or transit hop is identified and repaired while core IP adjacencies stay stable.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence. Applied case: A headend injects a local adjacency SID from an unrelated node into a segment list and expects it to be meaningful from any router in the domain.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Protected traffic continues through a verified loop-free repair path while IGP converges to a stable new route. A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence.

C:

Targeted traffic follows the active approved policy and reacts predictably when the selected candidate becomes invalid. A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence.

D:

The faulty label operation or transit hop is identified and repaired while core IP adjacencies stay stable. A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence.

Question 415

An implementation sign-off request identifies the following problem: A headend injects a local adjacency SID from an unrelated node into a segment list and expects it to be meaningful from any router in the domain. Which paired technical change and validation should close the implementation review? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Change: Combine node and adjacency SIDs in a segment list with proper endpoint locality and imposed stack depth for an explicit steering requirement. Verify: Trace segment-list execution, SR label stack and the adjacency owner at each hop using a forced parallel-link test.
  2. Change: Interpret MPLS label operations, bottom-of-stack state and egress handling based on the signaled FEC and selected pop or explicit-null behavior. Verify: Inspect incoming and outgoing labels, label stack operation, TTL and traffic class on a lab LSP with and without explicit-null.
  3. Change: Use supported LDP session protection or targeted discovery with routed transport continuity and bounded recovery timers. Verify: Test link removal, targeted hello maintenance, TCP session state and alternate loopback reachability while measuring session churn.
  4. Change: Bind the service steering rule to the correct SR policy color and endpoint and validate candidate preference, segment-list resolution and policy validity. Verify: Inspect the active candidate, preference, BSID or policy steering rules, operational validity and flow path through the backbone.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence. The change is successful only when: The steered flow crosses the required link and falls back safely if that adjacency is not available.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Change: Interpret MPLS label operations, bottom-of-stack state and egress handling based on the signaled FEC and selected pop or explicit-null behavior. A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence.

C:

Change: Use supported LDP session protection or targeted discovery with routed transport continuity and bounded recovery timers. A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence.

D:

Change: Bind the service steering rule to the correct SR policy color and endpoint and validate candidate preference, segment-list resolution and policy validity. A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence.

Question 416

A service provider network engineer is reviewing this backbone or customer-service scenario: A provider defines two SRTE candidate paths but the headend fails to steer selected services into the intended color and endpoint policy. A proposed shortcut is: Configure an unused SR policy and assume all customer packets automatically steer onto it without classification or binding. What should the service provider engineer recommend as the narrowly scoped correction? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Bind the service steering rule to the correct SR policy color and endpoint and validate candidate preference, segment-list resolution and policy validity.
  2. Advertise accurate TE topology and choose a path whose available reservable bandwidth satisfies the RSVP-TE tunnel constraints.
  3. Configure an unused SR policy and assume all customer packets automatically steer onto it without classification or binding.
  4. Use MPLS-aware OAM and label-stack inspection to verify LSP forwarding and localize transport failures separate from ordinary IP reachability.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This targeted action addresses the observed service-provider control or forwarding gap without discarding necessary controls. Applied case: A provider defines two SRTE candidate paths but the headend fails to steer selected services into the intended color and endpoint policy.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Advertise accurate TE topology and choose a path whose available reservable bandwidth satisfies the RSVP-TE tunnel constraints. SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic.

C:

SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic. For this best change assessment, the shortcut changes or bypasses the necessary routing, service or operational boundary rather than correcting it.

D:

Use MPLS-aware OAM and label-stack inspection to verify LSP forwarding and localize transport failures separate from ordinary IP reachability. SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic.

Question 417

A Cisco service provider design review finds: A provider defines two SRTE candidate paths but the headend fails to steer selected services into the intended color and endpoint policy. The team proposes: Bind the service steering rule to the correct SR policy color and endpoint and validate candidate preference, segment-list resolution and policy validity. Which engineering principle most strongly supports the recommended response? Select ONE best answer.

  1. MPLS core VPN traffic may be blackholed when IGP selects a path before its label transport is operational; LDP synchronization delays cost restoration.
  2. A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence.
  3. SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic.
  4. TI-LFA computes a fast repair path using segment routing and a postconvergence viewpoint to avoid local loops after a topology failure.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Demonstrable success requires: Targeted traffic follows the active approved policy and reacts predictably when the selected candidate becomes invalid. Applied case: A provider defines two SRTE candidate paths but the headend fails to steer selected services into the intended color and endpoint policy.

Incorrect Answers

A:

MPLS core VPN traffic may be blackholed when IGP selects a path before its label transport is operational; LDP synchronization delays cost restoration. This option addresses a different service provider engineering topic (LDP IGP synchronization and blackhole avoidance) rather than the documented SR policy candidate paths and SRTE endpoint steering decision. The case-specific mechanism is: SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic. The relevant action is: Bind the service steering rule to the correct SR policy color and endpoint and validate candidate preference, segment-list resolution and policy validity. Discriminating evidence: Inspect the active candidate, preference, BSID or policy steering rules, operational validity and flow path through the backbone. Applied case: A provider defines two SRTE candidate paths but the headend fails to steer selected services into the intended color and endpoint policy.

B:

A node SID follows IGP shortest-path semantics, while an adjacency SID identifies a particular link local to its advertising router and must be reached in sequence. SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic.

D:

TI-LFA computes a fast repair path using segment routing and a postconvergence viewpoint to avoid local loops after a topology failure. This option addresses a different service provider engineering topic (TI-LFA topology-independent loop-free repair) rather than the documented SR policy candidate paths and SRTE endpoint steering decision. The case-specific mechanism is: SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic. The relevant action is: Bind the service steering rule to the correct SR policy color and endpoint and validate candidate preference, segment-list resolution and policy validity. Discriminating evidence: Inspect the active candidate, preference, BSID or policy steering rules, operational validity and flow path through the backbone. Applied case: A provider defines two SRTE candidate paths but the headend fails to steer selected services into the intended color and endpoint policy.

Question 418

The service provider operations team has not yet approved a change. Current evidence indicates: A provider defines two SRTE candidate paths but the headend fails to steer selected services into the intended color and endpoint policy. Which evidence best tests the technical diagnosis before approving a disruptive change? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Trace segment-list execution, SR label stack and the adjacency owner at each hop using a forced parallel-link test.
  2. Compare MPLS echo replies, incoming and outgoing labels, FEC resolution and per-hop transport under the failed VPN route.
  3. Trace remote PE loopback route and label advertisements through each border node, then validate transport LSP and VPN service forwarding.
  4. Inspect the active candidate, preference, BSID or policy steering rules, operational validity and flow path through the backbone.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic. Applied case: A provider defines two SRTE candidate paths but the headend fails to steer selected services into the intended color and endpoint policy.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Trace segment-list execution, SR label stack and the adjacency owner at each hop using a forced parallel-link test. SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic.

B:

Compare MPLS echo replies, incoming and outgoing labels, FEC resolution and per-hop transport under the failed VPN route. SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic.

C:

Trace remote PE loopback route and label advertisements through each border node, then validate transport LSP and VPN service forwarding. SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic.

Question 419

A candidate correction has been tested and the platform team requires a post-change acceptance check. Original problem: A provider defines two SRTE candidate paths but the headend fails to steer selected services into the intended color and endpoint policy. The carrier operations owner needs positive and negative tests showing existing customer services remain available. Which acceptance result demonstrates correct service provider forwarding and control behavior without disrupting authorized workflows? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Remote PEs have resolvable label-switched transport paths through interarea boundaries without flooding all service routes into core IGPs.
  2. Every router resolves the intended prefix SID consistently and traffic reaches the target node via the valid SR transport.
  3. Targeted traffic follows the active approved policy and reacts predictably when the selected candidate becomes invalid.
  4. Protected sessions survive the intended transient path change when peer transport remains viable and expire safely if it does not.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic. The result must be validated using the documented device, service or access context.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Remote PEs have resolvable label-switched transport paths through interarea boundaries without flooding all service routes into core IGPs. SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic.

B:

Every router resolves the intended prefix SID consistently and traffic reaches the target node via the valid SR transport. SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic.

D:

Protected sessions survive the intended transient path change when peer transport remains viable and expire safely if it does not. SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic.

Question 420

For an original SPCOR service-provider engineering scenario, consider: A provider defines two SRTE candidate paths but the headend fails to steer selected services into the intended color and endpoint policy. Select TWO complementary steps: the targeted correction and its strongest prechange validation.

  1. Check: Inspect the active candidate, preference, BSID or policy steering rules, operational validity and flow path through the backbone.
  2. Change: Allocate unique intended prefix SID indexes and validate advertised SRGB information and effective labels on participating routers.
  3. Configure an unused SR policy and assume all customer packets automatically steer onto it without classification or binding.
  4. Check: Trace segment-list execution, SR label stack and the adjacency owner at each hop using a forced parallel-link test.
  5. Change: Bind the service steering rule to the correct SR policy color and endpoint and validate candidate preference, segment-list resolution and policy validity.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic. Required intervention: Bind the service steering rule to the correct SR policy color and endpoint and validate candidate preference, segment-list resolution and policy validity.

E:

SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic. Evidence: Inspect the active candidate, preference, BSID or policy steering rules, operational validity and flow path through the backbone.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Change: Allocate unique intended prefix SID indexes and validate advertised SRGB information and effective labels on participating routers. SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic.

C:

For this select two assessment, the shortcut changes or bypasses the necessary routing, service or operational boundary rather than correcting it. SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic.

D:

Check: Trace segment-list execution, SR label stack and the adjacency owner at each hop using a forced parallel-link test. SR traffic engineering policies select candidate paths and instantiate explicit forwarding segments; configuration alone does not prove a policy is active or matched by traffic.

Implementing and Operating Cisco Service Provider Network Core Technologies (SPCOR) (350-501) Practice Tests