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Cisco 350-501 Practice Test 13

Question 120

For an original SPCOR service-provider engineering scenario, consider: Two service provider edge nodes are configured for Level-1-only operation but use different area identifiers and the operator expects intra-area adjacency. Select TWO complementary steps: the targeted correction and its strongest prechange validation.

  1. Change: Deploy route reflection with deliberate client and cluster design and preserve IGP reachability to advertised BGP next hops.
  2. Change: Assign unique IS-IS system IDs and consistent area identifiers for Level-1 adjacency, with proper Level-2 reachability across areas.
  3. Duplicate router system IDs to force adjacency and use mismatched Level-1 area addresses as a substitute for a backbone design.
  4. Check: Examine NET values, level adjacency state, LSP originator IDs and intended area boundaries on a two-area diagram.
  5. Check: Compare IS-IS IPv4 and IPv6 LSP TLVs, topology IDs, next-hop tables and controlled ping tests for each family.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability. Acceptance: Unique node identities produce the intended L1 or L2 adjacencies and routes cross only supported level boundaries.

D:

IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability. Required intervention: Assign unique IS-IS system IDs and consistent area identifiers for Level-1 adjacency, with proper Level-2 reachability across areas.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Change: Deploy route reflection with deliberate client and cluster design and preserve IGP reachability to advertised BGP next hops. IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability.

C:

For this select two assessment, the shortcut changes or bypasses the necessary routing, service or operational boundary rather than correcting it. IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability.

E:

Check: Compare IS-IS IPv4 and IPv6 LSP TLVs, topology IDs, next-hop tables and controlled ping tests for each family. IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability.

Question 121

A service provider network engineer is reviewing this backbone or customer-service scenario: An operator changes a router's NET system ID to match an existing router, resulting in confusing LSP ownership and route instability. A proposed shortcut is: Duplicate router system IDs to force adjacency and use mismatched Level-1 area addresses as a substitute for a backbone design. What should the service provider engineer recommend as the narrowly scoped correction? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Verify aggregation protocol, member compatibility, hashing expectations and actual active bandwidth before designing redundancy or QoS.
  2. Duplicate router system IDs to force adjacency and use mismatched Level-1 area addresses as a substitute for a backbone design.
  3. Verify OSPFv3 interface activation, matching area and instance settings and IPv6 address-family route advertisement before expecting end-to-end forwarding.
  4. Assign unique IS-IS system IDs and consistent area identifiers for Level-1 adjacency, with proper Level-2 reachability across areas.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This targeted action addresses the observed service-provider control or forwarding gap without discarding necessary controls. Applied case: An operator changes a router's NET system ID to match an existing router, resulting in confusing LSP ownership and route instability.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Verify aggregation protocol, member compatibility, hashing expectations and actual active bandwidth before designing redundancy or QoS. IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability.

B:

IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability. Applied case: An operator changes a router's NET system ID to match an existing router, resulting in confusing LSP ownership and route instability.

C:

Verify OSPFv3 interface activation, matching area and instance settings and IPv6 address-family route advertisement before expecting end-to-end forwarding. IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability.

Question 122

A Cisco service provider design review finds: An operator changes a router's NET system ID to match an existing router, resulting in confusing LSP ownership and route instability. The team proposes: Assign unique IS-IS system IDs and consistent area identifiers for Level-1 adjacency, with proper Level-2 reachability across areas. Which engineering principle most strongly supports the recommended response? Select ONE best answer.

  1. IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability.
  2. Route filtering is an ordered policy decision with platform-specific syntax and implicit outcomes; bad matching or direction can leak or drop routes.
  3. Graceful restart can retain forwarding with peer help during control recovery, while NSR replicates live session state on supported dual-control-plane systems.
  4. IS-IS adjacencies use link-local protocol hellos and compatible level, circuit and network settings; IP reachability alone does not create a neighbor.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Demonstrable success requires: Unique node identities produce the intended L1 or L2 adjacencies and routes cross only supported level boundaries. Applied case: An operator changes a router's NET system ID to match an existing router, resulting in confusing LSP ownership and route instability.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Route filtering is an ordered policy decision with platform-specific syntax and implicit outcomes; bad matching or direction can leak or drop routes. This option addresses a different service provider engineering topic (IOS XR route policy language and Cisco route maps) rather than the documented IS-IS NET area and Level-2 backbone design decision. The case-specific mechanism is: IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability. The relevant action is: Assign unique IS-IS system IDs and consistent area identifiers for Level-1 adjacency, with proper Level-2 reachability across areas. Discriminating evidence: Examine NET values, level adjacency state, LSP originator IDs and intended area boundaries on a two-area diagram. Applied case: An operator changes a router's NET system ID to match an existing router, resulting in confusing LSP ownership and route instability.

C:

Graceful restart can retain forwarding with peer help during control recovery, while NSR replicates live session state on supported dual-control-plane systems. IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability.

D:

IS-IS adjacencies use link-local protocol hellos and compatible level, circuit and network settings; IP reachability alone does not create a neighbor. This option addresses a different service provider engineering topic (IS-IS neighbor adjacency and link readiness) rather than the documented IS-IS NET area and Level-2 backbone design decision. The case-specific mechanism is: IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability. The relevant action is: Assign unique IS-IS system IDs and consistent area identifiers for Level-1 adjacency, with proper Level-2 reachability across areas. Discriminating evidence: Examine NET values, level adjacency state, LSP originator IDs and intended area boundaries on a two-area diagram. Applied case: An operator changes a router's NET system ID to match an existing router, resulting in confusing LSP ownership and route instability.

Question 123

The service provider operations team has not yet approved a change. Current evidence indicates: An operator changes a router's NET system ID to match an existing router, resulting in confusing LSP ownership and route instability. Which evidence best tests the technical diagnosis before approving a disruptive change? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Examine NET values, level adjacency state, LSP originator IDs and intended area boundaries on a two-area diagram.
  2. Trace sample source routes, redistribution policy hits, tags, LSDB or LSP size and resulting RIB changes across both boundaries.
  3. Compare area LSDB LSA types, ABR summaries, default injection and actual endpoint reachability for inside and outside addresses.
  4. Compare IS-IS IPv4 and IPv6 LSP TLVs, topology IDs, next-hop tables and controlled ping tests for each family.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability. Confirm afterward that: Unique node identities produce the intended L1 or L2 adjacencies and routes cross only supported level boundaries.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Trace sample source routes, redistribution policy hits, tags, LSDB or LSP size and resulting RIB changes across both boundaries. IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability.

C:

Compare area LSDB LSA types, ABR summaries, default injection and actual endpoint reachability for inside and outside addresses. IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability.

D:

Compare IS-IS IPv4 and IPv6 LSP TLVs, topology IDs, next-hop tables and controlled ping tests for each family. IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability.

Question 124

A candidate correction has been tested and the platform team requires a post-change acceptance check. Original problem: An operator changes a router's NET system ID to match an existing router, resulting in confusing LSP ownership and route instability. The carrier operations owner needs positive and negative tests showing existing customer services remain available. Which acceptance result demonstrates correct service provider forwarding and control behavior without disrupting authorized workflows? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Only planned prefixes cross the protocol boundary once and core convergence remains stable under service-route churn.
  2. Unique node identities produce the intended L1 or L2 adjacencies and routes cross only supported level boundaries.
  3. Each intended adjacency reaches its required state and route advertisements are scoped correctly without unnecessary global routing changes.
  4. Preferred paths align with declared metrics while all participating routers interpret the advertised costs consistently.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability. The approved implementation step was: Assign unique IS-IS system IDs and consistent area identifiers for Level-1 adjacency, with proper Level-2 reachability across areas.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Only planned prefixes cross the protocol boundary once and core convergence remains stable under service-route churn. An operator changes a router's NET system ID to match an existing router, resulting in confusing LSP ownership and route instability.

C:

Each intended adjacency reaches its required state and route advertisements are scoped correctly without unnecessary global routing changes. IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability.

D:

Preferred paths align with declared metrics while all participating routers interpret the advertised costs consistently. IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability.

Question 125

An implementation sign-off request identifies the following problem: An operator changes a router's NET system ID to match an existing router, resulting in confusing LSP ownership and route instability. Which paired technical change and validation should close the implementation review? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Change: Apply documented BGP community or extended-community policies at the intended import or export point and verify resulting attribute propagation. Verify: Check received and advertised BGP attributes, applied route policy, peer documentation and resulting best path for a controlled test prefix.
  2. Change: Troubleshoot OSPF network type, area, neighbor timers, authentication and database-exchange parameters before modifying routing advertisements. Verify: Check neighbor state transitions, interface MTU, hello and dead intervals, area type and network type on both peers.
  3. Change: Align peer AS, transport source, addressing, family activation and supported eBGP hop reachability for the actual topology. Verify: Inspect BGP neighbor transport state, local and remote AS, update source, TCP reachability and IPv4 or IPv6 address-family activation.
  4. Change: Assign unique IS-IS system IDs and consistent area identifiers for Level-1 adjacency, with proper Level-2 reachability across areas. Verify: Examine NET values, level adjacency state, LSP originator IDs and intended area boundaries on a two-area diagram.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability. The change is successful only when: Unique node identities produce the intended L1 or L2 adjacencies and routes cross only supported level boundaries.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Change: Apply documented BGP community or extended-community policies at the intended import or export point and verify resulting attribute propagation. IS-IS NET encodes an area and unique system identifier; Level-1 flooding is area scoped while Level-2 connects interarea backbone reachability.

B:

Change: Troubleshoot OSPF network type, area, neighbor timers, authentication and database-exchange parameters before modifying routing advertisements.

C:

Change: Align peer AS, transport source, addressing, family activation and supported eBGP hop reachability for the actual topology.

Question 126

A service provider network engineer is reviewing this backbone or customer-service scenario: A dual-stack core keeps an IS-IS IPv4 topology healthy while an IPv6 next hop is unreachable, but operations assumes identical topology guarantees IPv6 forwarding. A proposed shortcut is: Assume the presence of an IPv4 IS-IS neighbor proves all IPv6 prefixes and next hops are reachable without advertisements. What should the service provider engineer recommend as the narrowly scoped correction? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Select single- or multi-topology IS-IS according to dual-stack forwarding requirements and verify both address-family reachability and advertised topology data.
  2. Assume the presence of an IPv4 IS-IS neighbor proves all IPv6 prefixes and next hops are reachable without advertisements.
  3. Enable compatible path diversity or BGP PIC mechanisms where supported and verify backup data-plane programming before a failure.
  4. Assign unique IS-IS system IDs and consistent area identifiers for Level-1 adjacency, with proper Level-2 reachability across areas.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This targeted action addresses the observed service-provider control or forwarding gap without discarding necessary controls. Applied case: A dual-stack core keeps an IS-IS IPv4 topology healthy while an IPv6 next hop is unreachable, but operations assumes identical topology guarantees IPv6 forwarding.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information. For this best change assessment, the shortcut changes or bypasses the necessary routing, service or operational boundary rather than correcting it.

C:

Enable compatible path diversity or BGP PIC mechanisms where supported and verify backup data-plane programming before a failure. Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information.

D:

Assign unique IS-IS system IDs and consistent area identifiers for Level-1 adjacency, with proper Level-2 reachability across areas. Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information.

Question 127

A Cisco service provider design review finds: A dual-stack core keeps an IS-IS IPv4 topology healthy while an IPv6 next hop is unreachable, but operations assumes identical topology guarantees IPv6 forwarding. The team proposes: Select single- or multi-topology IS-IS according to dual-stack forwarding requirements and verify both address-family reachability and advertised topology data. Which engineering principle most strongly supports the recommended response? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information.
  2. IS-IS adjacencies use link-local protocol hellos and compatible level, circuit and network settings; IP reachability alone does not create a neighbor.
  3. Redistribution changes protocol scope and metrics; uncontrolled mutual redistribution can create loops and excessive IGP state.
  4. MED influences comparisons under specific BGP decision contexts, and AS_PATH prepending is advisory because remote networks may apply their own preferences.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Demonstrable success requires: Both address families receive valid advertised next hops for the chosen topology mode and failures are diagnosed per family. Applied case: A dual-stack core keeps an IS-IS IPv4 topology healthy while an IPv6 next hop is unreachable, but operations assumes identical topology guarantees IPv6 forwarding.

Incorrect Answers

B:

IS-IS adjacencies use link-local protocol hellos and compatible level, circuit and network settings; IP reachability alone does not create a neighbor. Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information.

C:

Redistribution changes protocol scope and metrics; uncontrolled mutual redistribution can create loops and excessive IGP state. Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information.

D:

MED influences comparisons under specific BGP decision contexts, and AS_PATH prepending is advisory because remote networks may apply their own preferences. Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information.

Question 128

The service provider operations team has not yet approved a change. Current evidence indicates: A dual-stack core keeps an IS-IS IPv4 topology healthy while an IPv6 next hop is unreachable, but operations assumes identical topology guarantees IPv6 forwarding. Which evidence best tests the technical diagnosis before approving a disruptive change? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Inspect IPv6 link-local neighbors, interface instance and area data, OSPFv3 LSDB and installed IPv6 routes.
  2. Record each link cost and LSDB view, calculate expected shortest paths and compare route changes during shut and no-shut tests.
  3. Check neighbor state transitions, interface MTU, hello and dead intervals, area type and network type on both peers.
  4. Compare IS-IS IPv4 and IPv6 LSP TLVs, topology IDs, next-hop tables and controlled ping tests for each family.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information. Applied case: A dual-stack core keeps an IS-IS IPv4 topology healthy while an IPv6 next hop is unreachable, but operations assumes identical topology guarantees IPv6 forwarding.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Inspect IPv6 link-local neighbors, interface instance and area data, OSPFv3 LSDB and installed IPv6 routes. Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information.

B:

Record each link cost and LSDB view, calculate expected shortest paths and compare route changes during shut and no-shut tests. Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information.

C:

Check neighbor state transitions, interface MTU, hello and dead intervals, area type and network type on both peers. Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information.

Question 129

A candidate correction has been tested and the platform team requires a post-change acceptance check. Original problem: A dual-stack core keeps an IS-IS IPv4 topology healthy while an IPv6 next hop is unreachable, but operations assumes identical topology guarantees IPv6 forwarding. The carrier operations owner needs positive and negative tests showing existing customer services remain available. Which acceptance result demonstrates correct service provider forwarding and control behavior without disrupting authorized workflows? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Both address families receive valid advertised next hops for the chosen topology mode and failures are diagnosed per family.
  2. Clients receive intended routes without reflection loops and installed paths resolve to reachable transport next hops.
  3. Valid alternate paths are visible and traffic shifts within expected service objectives when the primary next hop fails.
  4. Each intended adjacency reaches its required state and route advertisements are scoped correctly without unnecessary global routing changes.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information. The result must be validated using the documented device, service or access context.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Clients receive intended routes without reflection loops and installed paths resolve to reachable transport next hops. Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information.

C:

Valid alternate paths are visible and traffic shifts within expected service objectives when the primary next hop fails. Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information.

D:

Each intended adjacency reaches its required state and route advertisements are scoped correctly without unnecessary global routing changes. Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information.

Question 130

For an original SPCOR service-provider engineering scenario, consider: A dual-stack core keeps an IS-IS IPv4 topology healthy while an IPv6 next hop is unreachable, but operations assumes identical topology guarantees IPv6 forwarding. Select TWO complementary steps: the targeted correction and its strongest prechange validation.

  1. Check: Compare IS-IS IPv4 and IPv6 LSP TLVs, topology IDs, next-hop tables and controlled ping tests for each family.
  2. Change: Apply documented BGP community or extended-community policies at the intended import or export point and verify resulting attribute propagation.
  3. Change: Select single- or multi-topology IS-IS according to dual-stack forwarding requirements and verify both address-family reachability and advertised topology data.
  4. Check: Inspect IS-IS neighbor state, hello capture, interface MTU and level configuration at both endpoints.
  5. Assume the presence of an IPv4 IS-IS neighbor proves all IPv6 prefixes and next hops are reachable without advertisements.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information. Required intervention: Select single- or multi-topology IS-IS according to dual-stack forwarding requirements and verify both address-family reachability and advertised topology data.

C:

Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information. Evidence: Compare IS-IS IPv4 and IPv6 LSP TLVs, topology IDs, next-hop tables and controlled ping tests for each family.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This option addresses a different service provider engineering topic (BGP route-policy communities and provider preference) rather than the documented IS-IS IPv4 IPv6 single and multitopology decision.

D:

Check: Inspect IS-IS neighbor state, hello capture, interface MTU and level configuration at both endpoints. Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information.

E:

For this select two assessment, the shortcut changes or bypasses the necessary routing, service or operational boundary rather than correcting it. Single topology shares reachability assumptions across enabled families, while multi-topology can maintain distinct IPv4 and IPv6 topology information.

Implementing and Operating Cisco Service Provider Network Core Technologies (SPCOR) (350-501) Practice Tests