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Cisco 300-710 Practice Test 10

Question 90

An engineer validates a Cisco Secure Firewall implementation: A SPAN-fed NGIPS reports one-sided TCP transactions because the mirror configuration omits the return-direction VLAN. Which TWO complementary choices provide the most appropriate corrective action and its direct independent verification? Select TWO answers.

  1. Assume a passive copy-based sensor can always drop the original attack packet or infer unmirrored return traffic.
  2. Inspect SPAN or TAP source selection, observed flow directions, sensor receive counters and inspection events under a permitted test.
  3. Review logical packet path, appliance mode, interface fail-open or bypass support and controlled downtime tests.
  4. Validate a loop-free transparent insertion, appropriate switch port roles and bridge-group membership before enabling intended inspection policies.
  5. Connect a supported passive sensing interface to an accurately configured mirror or TAP feed and validate observed directional coverage.

Explanation

Correct Answers

B:

Direct independent How to verify: Inspect SPAN or TAP source selection, observed flow directions, sensor receive counters and inspection events under a permitted test.

E:

Appropriate implementation: Connect a supported passive sensing interface to an accurately configured mirror or TAP feed and validate observed directional coverage. Case details: A SPAN-fed NGIPS reports one-sided TCP transactions because the mirror configuration omits the return-direction VLAN. Governing behavior: Passive inspection sees replicated traffic outside the forwarding path and generally cannot directly prevent the original packets from arriving.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Unsafe or unsupported shortcut for this firewall scenario: Assume a passive copy-based sensor can always drop the original attack packet or infer unmirrored return traffic.

C:

That option would review logical packet path, appliance mode, interface fail-open or bypass support and controlled downtime tests, but it addresses a different concern. Governing behavior: Passive inspection sees replicated traffic outside the forwarding path and generally cannot directly prevent the original packets from arriving.

D:

That option would validate a loop-free transparent insertion, appropriate switch port roles and bridge-group membership before enabling intended inspection policies, but it addresses a different concern. Governing behavior: Passive inspection sees replicated traffic outside the forwarding path and generally cannot directly prevent the original packets from arriving.

Question 91

A security operations incident describes: An inline IPS pair is physically attached to parallel switch paths but one member never carries the expected return traffic. Which security configuration or operational step BEST addresses the requirement? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Configure supported equal-cost paths with appropriate next-hop health and ensure a stateful-inspection-compatible return design.
  2. Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair.
  3. Place the inline NGIPS interface pair directly in the intended traffic path and confirm bidirectional inspection and policy behavior.
  4. Configure supported active-standby high availability with appropriate monitored interfaces, healthy peer roles and tested failover triggers.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Appropriate implementation: Place the inline NGIPS interface pair directly in the intended traffic path and confirm bidirectional inspection and policy behavior.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This alternative describes a different control, ECMP equal-cost multipath routing control, rather than this scenario’s NGIPS inline interface pair placement: Configure supported equal-cost paths with appropriate next-hop health and ensure a stateful-inspection-compatible return design.

B:

That option would treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair, but it addresses a different concern. Governing behavior: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

D:

That option would configure supported active-standby high availability with appropriate monitored interfaces, healthy peer roles and tested failover triggers, but it addresses a different concern. Governing behavior: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

Question 92

During a firewall implementation acceptance test: An inline IPS pair is physically attached to parallel switch paths but one member never carries the expected return traffic. Which firewall behavior or technical principle BEST explains the observed condition? Select ONE best answer.

  1. A deployment-mode conversion can materially alter network connectivity and device management, so it requires more than a cosmetic policy edit.
  2. Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair.
  3. Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.
  4. Stateful inspection expects the session and relevant response traffic to be correlated, and unsupported asymmetry can cause drops despite individually valid routes.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Underlying platform principle: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This alternative describes a different control, Change control when converting firewall deployment mode, rather than this scenario’s NGIPS inline interface pair placement: A deployment-mode conversion can materially alter network connectivity and device management, so it requires more than a cosmetic policy edit.

B:

That option would treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair, but it addresses a different concern. Independent evidence: Review inline interface-pair membership, network diagrams, packet counters on both members and permitted versus test-blocked flows.

D:

This alternative describes a different control, Traffic flow through routed interfaces with asymmetric return, rather than this scenario’s NGIPS inline interface pair placement: Stateful inspection expects the session and relevant response traffic to be correlated, and unsupported asymmetry can cause drops despite individually valid routes.

Question 93

A CCNP Security practice scenario presents this condition: An inline IPS pair is physically attached to parallel switch paths but one member never carries the expected return traffic. Which specific evidence is MOST useful to confirm the real root cause? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair.
  2. Inspect aggregation state, LACP neighbor and member state, physical counters and controlled flow load across the bundle.
  3. Review inline interface-pair membership, network diagrams, packet counters on both members and permitted versus test-blocked flows.
  4. Inspect peer state, failover-interface health, monitored link list, alarms and connection recovery during a controlled interruption.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Direct independent verification: Review inline interface-pair membership, network diagrams, packet counters on both members and permitted versus test-blocked flows.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Unsafe or unsupported shortcut for this firewall scenario: Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair. It cannot establish the stated security outcome.

B:

That option would inspect aggregation state, LACP neighbor and member state, physical counters and controlled flow load across the bundle, but it addresses a different concern. Governing behavior: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

D:

That option would inspect peer state, failover-interface health, monitored link list, alarms and connection recovery during a controlled interruption, but it addresses a different concern. Governing behavior: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

Question 94

A firewall service owner escalates the following: An inline IPS pair is physically attached to parallel switch paths but one member never carries the expected return traffic. Which observed result BEST confirms that the change meets the intended security requirement? Select ONE best answer.

  1. End hosts keep their intended gateway, frames traverse a single intended inspected path and MAC flapping stops.
  2. Allowed sessions pass with expected latency and test-blocked signatures are prevented on the actual traffic path.
  3. Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair.
  4. The documented outage behavior occurs and operators receive a clear alert if forwarding persists without expected inspection.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Required acceptance evidence: Allowed sessions pass with expected latency and test-blocked signatures are prevented on the actual traffic path.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This alternative describes a different control, Transparent firewall Layer 2 adjacency and MAC learning, rather than this scenario’s NGIPS inline interface pair placement: End hosts keep their intended gateway, frames traverse a single intended inspected path and MAC flapping stops.

C:

Unsafe or unsupported shortcut for this firewall scenario: Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair. It cannot establish the stated security outcome.

D:

This alternative describes a different control, Inline IPS bypass and health signaling, rather than this scenario’s NGIPS inline interface pair placement: The documented outage behavior occurs and operators receive a clear alert if forwarding persists without expected inspection.

Question 95

An approved maintenance window surfaces this issue: An inline IPS pair is physically attached to parallel switch paths but one member never carries the expected return traffic. Which misleading assumption MOST directly causes this issue and must be rejected? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Assume a passive copy-based sensor can always drop the original attack packet or infer unmirrored return traffic.
  2. Assume every routed-mode NAT operation and route-dependent feature can be transplanted unchanged to any transparent device.
  3. Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair.
  4. Assume an HA pair always detects and corrects every adjacent network failure without configured health monitoring.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Reject the scenario-specific unsafe assumption: Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair. The stated shortcut conflicts with the intended control and its documented verification.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That option would assume a passive copy-based sensor can always drop the original attack packet or infer unmirrored return traffic, but it addresses a different concern. Governing behavior: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

B:

That option would assume every routed-mode NAT operation and route-dependent feature can be transplanted unchanged to any transparent device, but it addresses a different concern. Governing behavior: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

D:

That option would assume an HA pair always detects and corrects every adjacent network failure without configured health monitoring, but it addresses a different concern. Governing behavior: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

Question 96

A Secure Firewall deployment change request reports: A network team deploys an inline sensor with an incorrect inside-outside pair and observes production packets bypassing inspection. Which security configuration or operational step BEST addresses the requirement? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Map management and data virtual NICs to appropriate virtual switches and security zones with validated capacity and traffic path.
  2. Place the inline NGIPS interface pair directly in the intended traffic path and confirm bidirectional inspection and policy behavior.
  3. Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair.
  4. Verify the chosen Threat Defense version and deployment mode support the proposed NAT and inspection features, then redesign and retest unsupported configurations.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Appropriate implementation: Place the inline NGIPS interface pair directly in the intended traffic path and confirm bidirectional inspection and policy behavior.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That option would map management and data virtual NICs to appropriate virtual switches and security zones with validated capacity and traffic path, but it addresses a different concern. Governing behavior: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

C:

Unsafe or unsupported shortcut for this firewall scenario: Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair. It cannot establish the stated security outcome.

D:

That option would verify the chosen Threat Defense version and deployment mode support the proposed NAT and inspection features, then redesign and retest unsupported configurations, but it addresses a different concern. Governing behavior: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

Question 97

An FMC policy and traffic review discovers: A network team deploys an inline sensor with an incorrect inside-outside pair and observes production packets bypassing inspection. Which firewall behavior or technical principle BEST explains the observed condition? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Passive sensing and inline enforcement differ in packet path and potential availability impact; neither automatically provides the other's capability.
  2. Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair.
  3. Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.
  4. High availability requires more than connected peers; synchronized configuration and appropriate state handling determine continuity.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Underlying platform principle: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This alternative describes a different control, Passive versus inline inspection disruption planning, rather than this scenario’s NGIPS inline interface pair placement: Passive sensing and inline enforcement differ in packet path and potential availability impact; neither automatically provides the other's capability.

B:

Unsafe or unsupported shortcut for this firewall scenario: Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair. Case details: A network team deploys an inline sensor with an incorrect inside-outside pair and observes production packets bypassing inspection. Governing behavior: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

D:

This alternative describes a different control, High-availability state and policy synchronization, rather than this scenario’s NGIPS inline interface pair placement: High availability requires more than connected peers; synchronized configuration and appropriate state handling determine continuity.

Question 98

An engineer validates a Cisco Secure Firewall implementation: A network team deploys an inline sensor with an incorrect inside-outside pair and observes production packets bypassing inspection. Which specific evidence is MOST useful to confirm the real root cause? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair.
  2. Review inline interface-pair membership, network diagrams, packet counters on both members and permitted versus test-blocked flows.
  3. Compare existing gateway locations, intended subnet boundaries, bridge membership and observed forwarding from a lab proof of concept.
  4. Inspect switch MAC movement, spanning-tree state, bridge-group interfaces and hop-by-hop packet captures under a controlled test.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Direct independent verification: Review inline interface-pair membership, network diagrams, packet counters on both members and permitted versus test-blocked flows.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Unsafe or unsupported shortcut for this firewall scenario: Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair. Case details: A network team deploys an inline sensor with an incorrect inside-outside pair and observes production packets bypassing inspection. Governing behavior: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair. Approved action: Place the inline NGIPS interface pair directly in the intended traffic path and confirm bidirectional inspection and policy behavior. Independent evidence: Review inline interface-pair membership, network diagrams, packet counters on both members and permitted versus test-blocked flows. Acceptance criterion: Allowed sessions pass with expected latency and test-blocked signatures are prevented on the actual traffic path.

C:

That option would compare existing gateway locations, intended subnet boundaries, bridge membership and observed forwarding from a lab proof of concept, but it addresses a different concern. Governing behavior: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

D:

That option would inspect switch MAC movement, spanning-tree state, bridge-group interfaces and hop-by-hop packet captures under a controlled test, but it addresses a different concern. Governing behavior: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

Question 99

A security operations incident describes: A network team deploys an inline sensor with an incorrect inside-outside pair and observes production packets bypassing inspection. Which observed result BEST confirms that the change meets the intended security requirement? Select ONE best answer.

  1. Established sessions retain correct state and both directions follow a supported inspected path under normal and failover routing.
  2. Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair.
  3. Permitted traffic traverses the firewall using planned routes and retains correct separation between routed security zones.
  4. Allowed sessions pass with expected latency and test-blocked signatures are prevented on the actual traffic path.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Required acceptance evidence: Allowed sessions pass with expected latency and test-blocked signatures are prevented on the actual traffic path.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This alternative describes a different control, Traffic flow through routed interfaces with asymmetric return, rather than this scenario’s NGIPS inline interface pair placement: Established sessions retain correct state and both directions follow a supported inspected path under normal and failover routing.

B:

Unsafe or unsupported shortcut for this firewall scenario: Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair.

C:

This alternative describes a different control, Routed firewall interface addressing and routing, rather than this scenario’s NGIPS inline interface pair placement: Permitted traffic traverses the firewall using planned routes and retains correct separation between routed security zones.

Question 100

During a firewall implementation acceptance test: A network team deploys an inline sensor with an incorrect inside-outside pair and observes production packets bypassing inspection. Which THREE complementary elements form the corrective action, diagnostic proof and successful acceptance outcome? Select THREE answers.

  1. Review inline interface-pair membership, network diagrams, packet counters on both members and permitted versus test-blocked flows.
  2. Place the inline NGIPS interface pair directly in the intended traffic path and confirm bidirectional inspection and policy behavior.
  3. Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair.
  4. Inspect VM NIC order, virtual switch or port-group mappings, device interfaces, packet counters and relevant virtual host security settings.
  5. Allowed sessions pass with expected latency and test-blocked signatures are prevented on the actual traffic path.
  6. Configure supported equal-cost paths with appropriate next-hop health and ensure a stateful-inspection-compatible return design.

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

Direct independent How to verify: Review inline interface-pair membership, network diagrams, packet counters on both members and permitted versus test-blocked flows.

B:

Appropriate implementation: Place the inline NGIPS interface pair directly in the intended traffic path and confirm bidirectional inspection and policy behavior. Case details: A network team deploys an inline sensor with an incorrect inside-outside pair and observes production packets bypassing inspection. Governing behavior: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

E:

Required acceptance evidence: Allowed sessions pass with expected latency and test-blocked signatures are prevented on the actual traffic path. Case details: A network team deploys an inline sensor with an incorrect inside-outside pair and observes production packets bypassing inspection. Governing behavior: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

Incorrect Answers

C:

Unsafe or unsupported shortcut for this firewall scenario: Treat an interface configured as inline as sufficient proof of prevention even if the network physically bypasses that pair.

D:

That option would inspect VM NIC order, virtual switch or port-group mappings, device interfaces, packet counters and relevant virtual host security settings, but it addresses a different concern. Governing behavior: Inline IPS operates on transit packets and can enforce prevention decisions when traffic actually passes through its interface pair.

F:

This alternative describes a different control, ECMP equal-cost multipath routing control, rather than this scenario’s NGIPS inline interface pair placement: Configure supported equal-cost paths with appropriate next-hop health and ensure a stateful-inspection-compatible return design.

Securing Networks with Cisco Firewalls (300-710) Practice Tests