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Use supported backup/restore, BACPAC or database-copy methods based on source/target compatibility and offline downtime budget, then validate security, consistency and performance after migration. This addresses Offline migration and post-migration verification, not the controlling requirement here. A BACPAC export captures schema and data for applicable databases but is not an instance backup that automatically recreates all server features and jobs. Prefer: Select Azure SQL Database for managed database-level PaaS needs, Azure SQL Managed Instance when near-instance compatibility is required, or SQL Server on Azure VMs for OS and instance control.

Deploy governed Azure SQL resources with repeatable infrastructure templates and evaluate Azure SQL Database in Fabric for supported analytics-connected workflows rather than assuming all workloads are equivalent. This addresses Azure SQL deployment automation and Fabric SQL integration boundary, not the controlling requirement here. Using Fabric with Azure SQL does not remove operational security responsibilities or grant unsupported cross-service transactional semantics. Prefer: Select Azure SQL Database for managed database-level PaaS needs, Azure SQL Managed Instance when near-instance compatibility is required, or SQL Server on Azure VMs for OS and instance control.

Use Azure Arc-enabled SQL Server to inventory and govern supported SQL Server instances outside Azure without assuming Arc moves their databases or turns them into PaaS. This addresses Azure Arc-enabled SQL and hybrid fleet governance, not the controlling requirement here. Azure Arc projects management and governance into Azure; Arc onboarding is not equivalent to migration or replacing SQL Server backups and patching. Prefer: Select Azure SQL Database for managed database-level PaaS needs, Azure SQL Managed Instance when near-instance compatibility is required, or SQL Server on Azure VMs for OS and instance control.

Authorized workloads resolve the intended endpoint and connect over the required private or permitted path while unauthorized public sources are blocked. This would validate Azure SQL private endpoints firewall and TLS boundary, but it does not establish the required outcome here. Verify instead: Only approved SQL principals or application clients decrypt the intended data and key rotation retains tested recovery capability.

Approved applications can query protected columns with authorized client drivers while other SQL readers cannot obtain original plaintext directly. This would validate Always Encrypted client-side protection and enclaves, but it does not establish the required outcome here. Verify instead: Only approved SQL principals or application clients decrypt the intended data and key rotation retains tested recovery capability.

A previously failing user connects with the correct principal and performs only approved operations after a narrowly scoped corrective change. This would validate Diagnosing login failure and group-based access, but it does not establish the required outcome here. Verify instead: Only approved SQL principals or application clients decrypt the intended data and key rotation retains tested recovery capability.

Collect source version, compatibility level, blockers, logins, SQL Agent jobs, linked servers, TDE key dependencies, storage size and application integration map. This choice pertains to Azure SQL migration assessment and feature compatibility, not the needed response/evidence pair. Use: Use Azure Arc-enabled SQL Server to inventory and govern supported SQL Server instances outside Azure without assuming Arc moves their databases or turns them into PaaS. Check: Inspect installed Arc agent/extensions, SQL resource inventory, policy assignments, supported assessment features, connectivity and data residency needs.

Select Azure SQL Database for managed database-level PaaS needs, Azure SQL Managed Instance when near-instance compatibility is required, or SQL Server on Azure VMs for OS and instance control. This choice pertains to Choosing Azure SQL Database versus Managed Instance versus SQL VM, not the needed response/evidence pair. Use: Use Azure Arc-enabled SQL Server to inventory and govern supported SQL Server instances outside Azure without assuming Arc moves their databases or turns them into PaaS. Check: Inspect installed Arc agent/extensions, SQL resource inventory, policy assignments, supported assessment features, connectivity and data residency needs.

After resizing or tuning storage, relevant workload bottlenecks improve without breaching instance compatibility, availability or maintenance requirements. This choice pertains to Managed Instance and SQL VM compute storage scaling, not the needed response/evidence pair. Use: Use Azure Arc-enabled SQL Server to inventory and govern supported SQL Server instances outside Azure without assuming Arc moves their databases or turns them into PaaS. Check: Inspect installed Arc agent/extensions, SQL resource inventory, policy assignments, supported assessment features, connectivity and data residency needs.

Configure supported Microsoft Entra authentication and database users or contained identities for Azure SQL, ensuring the application principal receives only required permissions. This addresses Microsoft Entra authentication with contained service identity, not the controlling requirement here. A successful token request is not sufficient if the database principal, scope or permissions are missing or the token targets the wrong resource. Prefer: Distinguish authentication from authorization using SQL error context, Entra membership and database principal mapping before changing firewall or granting elevated roles.

Design Azure SQL firewall policies and Private Link or approved service endpoints at the required scope, enforcing TLS and minimizing public endpoint exposure. This addresses Azure SQL private endpoints firewall and TLS boundary, not the controlling requirement here. A Private Endpoint does not provide correct DNS records automatically in every custom network; name resolution and access policy require separate verification. Prefer: Distinguish authentication from authorization using SQL error context, Entra membership and database principal mapping before changing firewall or granting elevated roles.

Select Entra or SQL authentication deliberately for Azure SQL Database, Managed Instance and SQL Server VMs based on platform support, application constraints and security controls. This addresses SQL authentication versus Entra and managed-instance principals, not the controlling requirement here. A login defined in one SQL Server instance is not automatically a contained user in another database or a globally valid Entra identity. Prefer: Distinguish authentication from authorization using SQL error context, Entra membership and database principal mapping before changing firewall or granting elevated roles.

Each authorized tenant sees only its records through SQL and API queries, while unauthorized predicate bypass attempts return no rows. This would validate Row-level security and ownership predicates, but it does not establish the required outcome here. Verify instead: Clients establish the intended authentication method without insecure credential sharing, and failed sign-ins can be tied to the correct principal and database.

Approved users can execute only intended tables, views and procedures, while unauthorized writes and administrative operations fail reproducibly. This would validate Least-privilege SQL roles and ownership chaining, but it does not establish the required outcome here. Verify instead: Clients establish the intended authentication method without insecure credential sharing, and failed sign-ins can be tied to the correct principal and database.

The intended app authenticates through the managed identity or Entra principal without shared SQL passwords and can perform only its permitted queries. This would validate Microsoft Entra authentication with contained service identity, but it does not establish the required outcome here. Verify instead: Clients establish the intended authentication method without insecure credential sharing, and failed sign-ins can be tied to the correct principal and database.

Only approved SQL principals or application clients decrypt the intended data and key rotation retains tested recovery capability. This would validate Object-level encryption and database cryptographic controls, but it does not establish the required outcome here. Verify instead: Each authorized tenant sees only its records through SQL and API queries, while unauthorized predicate bypass attempts return no rows.

The intended app authenticates through the managed identity or Entra principal without shared SQL passwords and can perform only its permitted queries. This would validate Microsoft Entra authentication with contained service identity, but it does not establish the required outcome here. Verify instead: Each authorized tenant sees only its records through SQL and API queries, while unauthorized predicate bypass attempts return no rows.

Low-trust users receive suitably masked results while sensitive storage and access controls still enforce separately tested privacy requirements. This would validate Dynamic data masking classification and permission differences, but it does not establish the required outcome here. Verify instead: Each authorized tenant sees only its records through SQL and API queries, while unauthorized predicate bypass attempts return no rows.

A problematic query recovers representative execution time without forcing a plan that fails under other parameter or schema conditions. This would validate Query Store plan regressions and forced plans, but it does not establish the required outcome here. Verify instead: Queries use appropriate access paths under representative parameters while maintenance and write overhead remain acceptable.

The captured evidence explains the failing operation at the right time with sufficient context and acceptable overhead, without recording unrestricted sensitive payloads. This would validate Extended Events and workload-specific incident evidence, but it does not establish the required outcome here. Verify instead: Queries use appropriate access paths under representative parameters while maintenance and write overhead remain acceptable.

Performance improvements persist under measured production workloads and failed recommendations are reversed or disabled according to policy. This would validate Automatic tuning and intelligent query processing guardrails, but it does not establish the required outcome here. Verify instead: Queries use appropriate access paths under representative parameters while maintenance and write overhead remain acceptable.

Inspect template parameters, deployment scope, what-if output, module dependencies, identity role assignments and post-deploy effective configuration. These checks primarily test ARM and Bicep declarative Azure SQL provisioning instead of the critical system behavior in this case. Examine: Inspect elastic job agent setup, target server groups, database-scoped credentials, schedule, job version, execution history and permissions.

Inspect automation account managed identity, runbook schedule, Azure Monitor action group, job output, retry policy, resource locks and target database state. These checks primarily test Azure database task automation alerts and retries instead of the critical system behavior in this case. Examine: Inspect elastic job agent setup, target server groups, database-scoped credentials, schedule, job version, execution history and permissions.

Inspect SQL Agent service state, job owner, proxy or credential, step subsystem, schedules, permissions, execution history and target database. These checks primarily test SQL Server Agent schedules and job ownership instead of the critical system behavior in this case. Examine: Inspect elastic job agent setup, target server groups, database-scoped credentials, schedule, job version, execution history and permissions.

Inspect sensitivity labels, masking expressions, UNMASK permissions, privileged role membership and direct query behavior across application identities. This choice pertains to Dynamic data masking classification and permission differences, not the needed response/evidence pair. Use: Distinguish authentication from authorization using SQL error context, Entra membership and database principal mapping before changing firewall or granting elevated roles. Check: Review sign-in error number and state, selected database, Entra token principal, group claims, CREATE USER scope, role membership and firewall reachability.

Each authorized tenant sees only its records through SQL and API queries, while unauthorized predicate bypass attempts return no rows. This choice pertains to Row-level security and ownership predicates, not the needed response/evidence pair. Use: Distinguish authentication from authorization using SQL error context, Entra membership and database principal mapping before changing firewall or granting elevated roles. Check: Review sign-in error number and state, selected database, Entra token principal, group claims, CREATE USER scope, role membership and firewall reachability.

Configure supported Microsoft Entra authentication and database users or contained identities for Azure SQL, ensuring the application principal receives only required permissions. This choice pertains to Microsoft Entra authentication with contained service identity, not the needed response/evidence pair. Use: Distinguish authentication from authorization using SQL error context, Entra membership and database principal mapping before changing firewall or granting elevated roles. Check: Review sign-in error number and state, selected database, Entra token principal, group claims, CREATE USER scope, role membership and firewall reachability.

Use Azure SQL elastic jobs for supported scheduled T-SQL maintenance across Azure SQL Database targets, managing target groups, credentials and job execution state. This choice pertains to Azure SQL Database elastic jobs for fleet maintenance, not the needed response/evidence pair. Use: Automate supported Azure SQL operational tasks with an appropriately scoped schedule or runbook and route failures into measurable alert channels while handling retries idempotently. Check: Inspect automation account managed identity, runbook schedule, Azure Monitor action group, job output, retry policy, resource locks and target database state.

The maintenance job executes on the approved cadence with least-privilege identity and traceable execution logs without depending on a personal admin login. This choice pertains to SQL Server Agent schedules and job ownership, not the needed response/evidence pair. Use: Automate supported Azure SQL operational tasks with an appropriately scoped schedule or runbook and route failures into measurable alert channels while handling retries idempotently. Check: Inspect automation account managed identity, runbook schedule, Azure Monitor action group, job output, retry policy, resource locks and target database state.

Inspect template parameters, deployment scope, what-if output, module dependencies, identity role assignments and post-deploy effective configuration. This choice pertains to ARM and Bicep declarative Azure SQL provisioning, not the needed response/evidence pair. Use: Automate supported Azure SQL operational tasks with an appropriately scoped schedule or runbook and route failures into measurable alert channels while handling retries idempotently. Check: Inspect automation account managed identity, runbook schedule, Azure Monitor action group, job output, retry policy, resource locks and target database state.

Inspect backup format, target offering limits, export size, authentication mapping, integrity checks, DBCC findings, workload baselines and cutover test results. These checks primarily test Offline migration and post-migration verification instead of the critical system behavior in this case. Examine: Collect source version, compatibility level, blockers, logins, SQL Agent jobs, linked servers, TDE key dependencies, storage size and application integration map.

Measure vCore pressure, memory grants, data and log latency, tempdb contention, IOPS ceilings, disk caching, VM SKU caps and scaling windows. These checks primarily test Managed Instance and SQL VM compute storage scaling instead of the critical system behavior in this case. Examine: Collect source version, compatibility level, blockers, logins, SQL Agent jobs, linked servers, TDE key dependencies, storage size and application integration map.

Inventory SQL Agent, cross-database dependencies, instance features, latency, licensing, OS access and application connection requirements before choosing a target. These checks primarily test Choosing Azure SQL Database versus Managed Instance versus SQL VM instead of the critical system behavior in this case. Examine: Collect source version, compatibility level, blockers, logins, SQL Agent jobs, linked servers, TDE key dependencies, storage size and application integration map.