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ISC CISSP Practice Test 34

Question 330

An attacker intercepts an enterprise login flow and relays a real user's one-time password into the legitimate site. The organization has now implemented this response: Deploy origin-bound phishing-resistant authentication and bind sessions to the intended relying party. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?

  1. Offline attack benchmarks show properly salted derived keys and policy-compliant work factors.
  2. An approved change ticket for Deploy origin-bound phishing-resistant authentication and bind sessions to the intended relying party. without a completed verification result.
  3. A controlled adversary-in-the-middle proxy cannot authenticate with a captured transient code.
  4. Statistical tests find no exploitable acceptance-time difference for tag-prefix guesses.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A controlled adversary-in-the-middle proxy cannot authenticate with a captured transient code. This validates that credential relay can defeat phishable OTP factors without stealing long-term secrets.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This other observation is relevant to: A legacy cryptographic service uses low-entropy human passwords directly as encryption keys.

B:

An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is A controlled adversary-in-the-middle proxy cannot authenticate with a captured transient code.

D:

This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A web service compares secret authentication tags with variable-time string operations and leaks timing differences.

Question 331

A previous security situation was: An attacker intercepts an enterprise login flow and relays a real user's one-time password into the legitimate site. Now the requirement changes: The organization next needs to protect internal API-to-API mutual identities. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?

  1. Use a longer six-digit OTP lifetime and rely on user vigilance alone.
  2. A controlled adversary-in-the-middle proxy cannot authenticate with a captured transient code.
  3. Use mTLS or comparable mutual workload authentication at API boundaries.
  4. Deploy origin-bound phishing-resistant authentication and bind sessions to the intended relying party.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Machine identity is governed at service trust boundaries rather than human login flows. The revised action is Use mTLS or comparable mutual workload authentication at API boundaries.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This remains inappropriate: Extended OTP validity can make relay easier and does not bind to the origin.

B:

This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: A controlled adversary-in-the-middle proxy cannot authenticate with a captured transient code.

D:

This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Credential relay can defeat phishable OTP factors without stealing long-term secrets. It does not directly meet the new condition.

Question 332

A legacy cryptographic service uses low-entropy human passwords directly as encryption keys. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?

  1. Deploy origin-bound phishing-resistant authentication and bind sessions to the intended relying party.
  2. Use memory-hard password-based key derivation with strong random salts and enforce acceptable secret strength.
  3. Apply a reversible encoding operation and call it password protection.
  4. Migrate verifiers to suitable password hashing with unique salts and incident response.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Derivation slows offline guessing but does not make weak passwords equivalent to random keys. This directly addresses the stated situation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This response addresses a different condition: An attacker intercepts an enterprise login flow and relays a real user's one-time password into the legitimate site. The present case requires the measure described by Use memory-hard password-based key derivation with strong random salts and enforce acceptable secret strength.

C:

Encoding supplies no resistance to brute-force guesses or key recovery. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.

D:

This is appropriate for a later condition (A database leak includes stored verifier hashes and unsalted legacy password entries.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. Compromised verifier storage introduces a password database protection and recovery problem.

Question 333

A legacy cryptographic service uses low-entropy human passwords directly as encryption keys. A designer proposes: Apply a reversible encoding operation and call it password protection. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. Timing side channels can reveal information even without direct secret read permission.
  2. Encoding supplies no resistance to brute-force guesses or key recovery.
  3. Longer secrets do not remove variable-time comparison leakage.
  4. Compromised verifier storage introduces a password database protection and recovery problem.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Encoding supplies no resistance to brute-force guesses or key recovery. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is an advantage of another design (Use constant-time verification and limit requests across the relevant secret boundary.), not the particular flaw of Apply a reversible encoding operation and call it password protection.

C:

This is a limitation elsewhere: A web service compares secret authentication tags with variable-time string operations and leaks timing differences. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

D:

This explains a later shift in requirements (A database leak includes stored verifier hashes and unsalted legacy password entries.), not the failure of the current proposal.

Question 334

A government agency is choosing a disaster recovery office in a floodplain next to a hazardous industrial site. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?

  1. Design layered access zones with monitored entry and appropriate environment protection.
  2. Provide appropriately engineered redundant power, UPS capacity and tested failover procedures.
  3. Evaluate environmental hazards, critical service proximity and physical risk before selecting the facility.
  4. Select the site solely because its rental cost is the lowest available.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Facility security begins with site characteristics that cannot be easily repaired with access controls.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is appropriate for a later condition (The agency must locate a secure evidence room inside the selected building.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. An internal room requires defense in depth and custody controls beyond regional site selection.

B:

This response addresses a different condition: A critical server room shares one power feed and experiences brief outages whenever building maintenance occurs. The present case requires the measure described by Evaluate environmental hazards, critical service proximity and physical risk before selecting the facility.

D:

Low cost does not offset severe flooding, contamination or evacuation exposure. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.

Question 335

A government agency is choosing a disaster recovery office in a floodplain next to a hazardous industrial site. A designer proposes: Select the site solely because its rental cost is the lowest available. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. An internal room requires defense in depth and custody controls beyond regional site selection.
  2. Facilities must protect people first while reducing avoidable secondary asset damage.
  3. Low cost does not offset severe flooding, contamination or evacuation exposure.
  4. Loss of fire detection increases life-safety and property exposure.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Low cost does not offset severe flooding, contamination or evacuation exposure. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This explains a later shift in requirements (The agency must locate a secure evidence room inside the selected building.), not the failure of the current proposal.

B:

This is an advantage of another design (Select suitable detection and suppression under life-safety rules and asset-specific environmental risk assessment.), not the particular flaw of Select the site solely because its rental cost is the lowest available.

D:

This is a limitation elsewhere: An archival media room uses a water sprinkler system without assessing damage to irreplaceable evidence assets. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

Question 336

A government agency is choosing a disaster recovery office in a floodplain next to a hazardous industrial site. The organization has now implemented this response: Evaluate environmental hazards, critical service proximity and physical risk before selecting the facility. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?

  1. Requirements traceability links risk scenarios to implementations and independent test evidence.
  2. An approved change ticket for Evaluate environmental hazards, critical service proximity and physical risk before selecting the facility. without a completed verification result.
  3. Site-assessment records document hazard maps, utility routes, access zones and approved tradeoffs.
  4. Design review links classification, threats, control tests and accountable owners.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Site-assessment records document hazard maps, utility routes, access zones and approved tradeoffs. This validates that facility security begins with site characteristics that cannot be easily repaired with access controls.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This other observation is relevant to: An architect chooses security controls from a catalog but cannot show which sensitive-data requirements each control addresses.

B:

An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is Site-assessment records document hazard maps, utility routes, access zones and approved tradeoffs.

D:

This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A new high-risk payment system enters design without a written data classification or abuse case model.

Question 337

A previous security situation was: A government agency is choosing a disaster recovery office in a floodplain next to a hazardous industrial site. Now the requirement changes: The agency must locate a secure evidence room inside the selected building. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?

  1. Select the site solely because its rental cost is the lowest available.
  2. Site-assessment records document hazard maps, utility routes, access zones and approved tradeoffs.
  3. Design layered access zones with monitored entry and appropriate environment protection.
  4. Evaluate environmental hazards, critical service proximity and physical risk before selecting the facility.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

An internal room requires defense in depth and custody controls beyond regional site selection. The revised action is Design layered access zones with monitored entry and appropriate environment protection.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This remains inappropriate: Low cost does not offset severe flooding, contamination or evacuation exposure.

B:

This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: Site-assessment records document hazard maps, utility routes, access zones and approved tradeoffs.

D:

This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Facility security begins with site characteristics that cannot be easily repaired with access controls. It does not directly meet the new condition.

Question 338

A critical server room shares one power feed and experiences brief outages whenever building maintenance occurs. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?

  1. Select suitable detection and suppression under life-safety rules and asset-specific environmental risk assessment.
  2. Provide appropriately engineered redundant power, UPS capacity and tested failover procedures.
  3. Install additional locks on the server-room door as the primary continuity measure.
  4. Assess generator capacity, fuel logistics and long-duration resilience.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Infrastructure availability requires failure tolerance for predictable maintenance and power loss.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This response addresses a different condition: An archival media room uses a water sprinkler system without assessing damage to irreplaceable evidence assets. The present case requires the measure described by Provide appropriately engineered redundant power, UPS capacity and tested failover procedures.

C:

Access barriers do not restore lost electrical power. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.

D:

This is appropriate for a later condition (Business impact analysis now requires extended operations during utility failure.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. Short-ride UPS support is insufficient for sustained utility outages.

Question 339

A critical server room shares one power feed and experiences brief outages whenever building maintenance occurs. A designer proposes: Install additional locks on the server-room door as the primary continuity measure. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. Facilities must protect people first while reducing avoidable secondary asset damage.
  2. Access barriers do not restore lost electrical power.
  3. Loss of fire detection increases life-safety and property exposure.
  4. Short-ride UPS support is insufficient for sustained utility outages.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Access barriers do not restore lost electrical power. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is an advantage of another design (Select suitable detection and suppression under life-safety rules and asset-specific environmental risk assessment.), not the particular flaw of Install additional locks on the server-room door as the primary continuity measure.

C:

This is a limitation elsewhere: An archival media room uses a water sprinkler system without assessing damage to irreplaceable evidence assets. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach. In the current case, the assessed requirement is: A critical server room shares one power feed and experiences brief outages whenever building maintenance occurs. A designer proposes: Install additional locks on the server-room door as the primary continuity measure. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal.

D:

This explains a later shift in requirements (Business impact analysis now requires extended operations during utility failure.), not the failure of the current proposal.

Question 340

A critical server room shares one power feed and experiences brief outages whenever building maintenance occurs. The organization has now implemented this response: Provide appropriately engineered redundant power, UPS capacity and tested failover procedures. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?

  1. An approved change ticket for Provide appropriately engineered redundant power, UPS capacity and tested failover procedures. without a completed verification result.
  2. A controlled feed failure keeps approved loads running through the targeted window.
  3. Inspected detectors and approved suppression tests demonstrate design coverage and evacuation interfaces.
  4. Automated configuration checks show prohibited endpoints absent from production and exceptions logged.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

A controlled feed failure keeps approved loads running through the targeted window. This validates that infrastructure availability requires failure tolerance for predictable maintenance and power loss.

Incorrect Answers

A:

An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is A controlled feed failure keeps approved loads running through the targeted window.

C:

This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: An archival media room uses a water sprinkler system without assessing damage to irreplaceable evidence assets.

D:

This other observation is relevant to: An internet-facing service exposes optional debug and administrative endpoints in production by default. In the current case, the assessed requirement is: A critical server room shares one power feed and experiences brief outages whenever building maintenance occurs. The organization has now implemented this response: Provide appropriately engineered redundant power, UPS capacity and tested failover procedures. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met.

Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) Practice Tests