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ISC CISSP Practice Test 21

Question 200

A manufacturer decommissions a storage array after moving confidential designs, but snapshots and spare disks remain attached. A designer proposes: Remove only the top-level application folder and auction the array. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. Retention obligations and secure disposal must be reconciled, not treated as competing guesses.
  2. Longer-than-needed storage enlarges privacy, breach and discovery exposure.
  3. Deleting a folder does not eliminate snapshots, caches or unallocated storage.
  4. Speculative use does not justify indefinite personal data retention.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Deleting a folder does not eliminate snapshots, caches or unallocated storage. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This explains a later shift in requirements (Certain engineering records must be retained as a legal archive.), not the failure of the current proposal.

B:

This is an advantage of another design (Enforce purpose-bound retention and automated deletion or aggregation at the approved endpoint.), not the particular flaw of Remove only the top-level application folder and auction the array.

D:

This is a limitation elsewhere: A retail analytics team retains raw customer browsing events indefinitely despite a documented ninety-day operational need. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

Question 201

A manufacturer decommissions a storage array after moving confidential designs, but snapshots and spare disks remain attached. The organization has now implemented this response: Inventory every volume, snapshot, cache and media component and sanitize them under approved disposition procedures. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?

  1. Scheduled deletion logs and independent samples confirm ninety-day cutoff and approved exceptions.
  2. An approved change ticket for Inventory every volume, snapshot, cache and media component and sanitize them under approved disposition procedures. without a completed verification result.
  3. Signed sanitization records reconcile array serials, component inventory and verified disposition.
  4. The disposal log includes device serial, approved sanitization method and verified outcome.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Signed sanitization records reconcile array serials, component inventory and verified disposition. This validates that hidden data copies and remanence persist beyond application-level migration.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This other observation is relevant to: A retail analytics team retains raw customer browsing events indefinitely despite a documented ninety-day operational need.

B:

An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is Signed sanitization records reconcile array serials, component inventory and verified disposition.

D:

This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A research organization wants secure erasure of solid-state drives before disposal, but overwriting reports may not cover spare blocks.

Question 202

A previous security situation was: A manufacturer decommissions a storage array after moving confidential designs, but snapshots and spare disks remain attached. Now the requirement changes: Certain engineering records must be retained as a legal archive. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?

  1. Remove only the top-level application folder and auction the array.
  2. Signed sanitization records reconcile array serials, component inventory and verified disposition.
  3. Migrate required records into a protected governed archive before wiping retired media.
  4. Inventory every volume, snapshot, cache and media component and sanitize them under approved disposition procedures.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Retention obligations and secure disposal must be reconciled, not treated as competing guesses. The revised action is Migrate required records into a protected governed archive before wiping retired media.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This remains inappropriate: Deleting a folder does not eliminate snapshots, caches or unallocated storage.

B:

This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: Signed sanitization records reconcile array serials, component inventory and verified disposition.

D:

This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Hidden data copies and remanence persist beyond application-level migration. It does not directly meet the new condition.

Question 203

A SaaS tenant's subscription ends but its data deletion terms do not address old snapshots and vendor subcontractors. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?

  1. Enforce purpose-bound retention and automated deletion or aggregation at the approved endpoint.
  2. Agree on verified deletion scope, backup expiry and subprocessor disposition evidence.
  3. Assume terminating billing instantly destroys all copies of customer data.
  4. Offer validated export with integrity checks under authorized transfer controls.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Lifecycle controls include copies held by processors and transient backups. This directly addresses the stated situation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This response addresses a different condition: A retail analytics team retains raw customer browsing events indefinitely despite a documented ninety-day operational need. The present case requires the measure described by Agree on verified deletion scope, backup expiry and subprocessor disposition evidence.

C:

Service cancellation does not prove secure deletion or expiry of retained backups. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.

D:

This is appropriate for a later condition (The customer requests return of selected records before deletion.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. Data portability and secure erasure are distinct lifecycle obligations that require sequencing.

Question 204

A SaaS tenant's subscription ends but its data deletion terms do not address old snapshots and vendor subcontractors. A designer proposes: Assume terminating billing instantly destroys all copies of customer data. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. Flash wear leveling can leave data beyond ordinary overwrite commands.
  2. Service cancellation does not prove secure deletion or expiry of retained backups.
  3. Filesystem deletion and formatting do not guarantee removal of remanent flash data.
  4. Data portability and secure erasure are distinct lifecycle obligations that require sequencing.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Service cancellation does not prove secure deletion or expiry of retained backups. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is an advantage of another design (Use a media-appropriate validated sanitization method such as supported cryptographic erase or destruction.), not the particular flaw of Assume terminating billing instantly destroys all copies of customer data.

C:

This is a limitation elsewhere: A research organization wants secure erasure of solid-state drives before disposal, but overwriting reports may not cover spare blocks. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

D:

This explains a later shift in requirements (The customer requests return of selected records before deletion.), not the failure of the current proposal.

Question 205

A medical device uses an operating system that has reached end of support but is still needed for a critical procedure. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?

  1. Test and migrate to the supported version under controlled change procedures.
  2. Use a formal retirement checklist covering identity removal, archives, licenses and data disposition.
  3. Assess exposure and implement isolation, compensating controls and a time-bound replacement plan.
  4. Allow direct internet access because the device passed functional testing.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Unsupported software cannot rely on normal vendor security patches and needs explicit risk treatment.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is appropriate for a later condition (The device vendor releases a supported upgrade compatible with the clinical workflow.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. A viable supported upgrade reduces the need for temporary isolation exceptions.

B:

This response addresses a different condition: A team removes obsolete virtual machines but loses the records documenting license ownership and privileged accounts. The present case requires the measure described by Assess exposure and implement isolation, compensating controls and a time-bound replacement plan.

D:

Functional operation does not eliminate unpatched exploitable attack paths. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.

Question 206

A medical device uses an operating system that has reached end of support but is still needed for a critical procedure. A designer proposes: Allow direct internet access because the device passed functional testing. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. A viable supported upgrade reduces the need for temporary isolation exceptions.
  2. System retirement must not destroy legally required information or leave it inaccessible.
  3. Functional operation does not eliminate unpatched exploitable attack paths.
  4. Premature deletion may breach retention obligations and impair dispute resolution.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Functional operation does not eliminate unpatched exploitable attack paths. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This explains a later shift in requirements (The device vendor releases a supported upgrade compatible with the clinical workflow.), not the failure of the current proposal.

B:

This is an advantage of another design (Archive required records in a protected readable format with retention and authorized access rules.), not the particular flaw of Allow direct internet access because the device passed functional testing.

D:

This is a limitation elsewhere: An organization is replacing payroll software but regulations require seven years of historical pay records. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

Question 207

A medical device uses an operating system that has reached end of support but is still needed for a critical procedure. The organization has now implemented this response: Assess exposure and implement isolation, compensating controls and a time-bound replacement plan. Which observation would MOST directly demonstrate that the security objective was met?

  1. A test query retrieves an authorized archived record with verified integrity and access logs.
  2. An approved change ticket for Assess exposure and implement isolation, compensating controls and a time-bound replacement plan. without a completed verification result.
  3. Network testing demonstrates isolation and a funded approved replacement milestone.
  4. An asset-to-account reconciliation finds no orphaned keys, stale DNS or retained unauthorized snapshots.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Network testing demonstrates isolation and a funded approved replacement milestone. This validates that unsupported software cannot rely on normal vendor security patches and needs explicit risk treatment.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This other observation is relevant to: An organization is replacing payroll software but regulations require seven years of historical pay records.

B:

An approved change without an executed test cannot prove operating effectiveness. The needed evidence is Network testing demonstrates isolation and a funded approved replacement milestone.

D:

This demonstrates controls in another circumstance: A team removes obsolete virtual machines but loses the records documenting license ownership and privileged accounts.

Question 208

A previous security situation was: A medical device uses an operating system that has reached end of support but is still needed for a critical procedure. Now the requirement changes: The device vendor releases a supported upgrade compatible with the clinical workflow. Which NEW action BEST answers the changed need?

  1. Allow direct internet access because the device passed functional testing.
  2. Network testing demonstrates isolation and a funded approved replacement milestone.
  3. Test and migrate to the supported version under controlled change procedures.
  4. Assess exposure and implement isolation, compensating controls and a time-bound replacement plan.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A viable supported upgrade reduces the need for temporary isolation exceptions. The revised action is Test and migrate to the supported version under controlled change procedures.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This remains inappropriate: Functional operation does not eliminate unpatched exploitable attack paths.

B:

This is a record of how the initial safeguard would be checked, not an action implementing the newly requested condition: Network testing demonstrates isolation and a funded approved replacement milestone.

D:

This is the appropriate response to the original situation: Unsupported software cannot rely on normal vendor security patches and needs explicit risk treatment. It does not directly meet the new condition.

Question 209

An organization is replacing payroll software but regulations require seven years of historical pay records. What should the security manager recommend as the MOST appropriate response to the current requirement?

  1. Assess exposure and implement isolation, compensating controls and a time-bound replacement plan.
  2. Archive required records in a protected readable format with retention and authorized access rules.
  3. Permanently delete all historical records as soon as the replacement goes live.
  4. Apply approved final disposition and log verified deletion.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

System retirement must not destroy legally required information or leave it inaccessible. This directly addresses the stated situation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This response addresses a different condition: A medical device uses an operating system that has reached end of support but is still needed for a critical procedure. The present case requires the measure described by Archive required records in a protected readable format with retention and authorized access rules.

C:

Premature deletion may breach retention obligations and impair dispute resolution. The proposal would not be defensible for this case.

D:

This is appropriate for a later condition (The seven-year period ends without legal holds.), but it does not directly resolve the initial need. Retention expiry changes the obligation from preservation to defensible disposal.

Question 210

An organization is replacing payroll software but regulations require seven years of historical pay records. A designer proposes: Permanently delete all historical records as soon as the replacement goes live. What is the MOST significant security deficiency in this proposal?

  1. Retirement needs cross-system closure instead of merely powering down workloads.
  2. Premature deletion may breach retention obligations and impair dispute resolution.
  3. Dormant credentials create unnecessary exploitable access paths.
  4. Retention expiry changes the obligation from preservation to defensible disposal.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Premature deletion may breach retention obligations and impair dispute resolution. This is the direct weakness in the proposed action.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This is an advantage of another design (Use a formal retirement checklist covering identity removal, archives, licenses and data disposition.), not the particular flaw of Permanently delete all historical records as soon as the replacement goes live.

C:

This is a limitation elsewhere: A team removes obsolete virtual machines but loses the records documenting license ownership and privileged accounts. It does not explain the deficiency of the specified proposed approach.

D:

This explains a later shift in requirements (The seven-year period ends without legal holds.), not the failure of the current proposal.

Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) Practice Tests