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Isaca CISM Practice Test 9

Question 80

A software vendor's incident response plan has a generic contact list but unclear decision authority during a breach. The security program has been tasked specifically to define incident command responsibilities. Which approach should be selected?

  1. Document containment options, approvals and dependencies by scenario
  2. Assign incident commander, legal, operations and business decision roles
  3. Review the plan after organizational and supplier changes
  4. Run an exercise with out-of-hours contact and approval paths

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Clear authority reduces confusion. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Teams need executable decisions. That action primarily serves the different objective to create decision-ready action playbooks. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to define incident command responsibilities.

C:

Roles and contacts can quickly become obsolete. That action primarily serves the different objective to maintain the response plan as the firm changes. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to define incident command responsibilities.

D:

Contacts may fail under realistic conditions. That action primarily serves the different objective to test communication during simulated escalation. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to define incident command responsibilities.

Question 81

A payments processor detects a breach that may involve customer data in several jurisdictions. A security manager has a defined assignment: identify applicable notification obligations early. Which action BEST fulfills that specific assignment?

  1. Involve legal and privacy leads in classifying impacted data, locations and time triggers
  2. Activate named spokespeople, customer contacts and regulator response owners
  3. Record discovery times, legal interpretations and approvals
  4. Issue material corrections through the approved communications plan

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Notice requirements differ across duties. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Consistent messaging needs ownership. That action primarily serves the different objective to coordinate internal and external communications. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to identify applicable notification obligations early.

C:

Timelines may be reviewed later. That action primarily serves the different objective to preserve evidence of notification decisions. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to identify applicable notification obligations early.

D:

Communication should remain accurate and current. That action primarily serves the different objective to update stakeholders as facts change. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to identify applicable notification obligations early.

Question 82

An insurance investigation needs evidence from a compromised laptop that may later be used in litigation. The examiner has custody of the laptop drive and must create a hashed forensic copy before preparing the litigation evidence report. The accountable executive now asks the team to create a verifiable forensic copy of persistent storage while preserving original media. What should the security manager recommend?

  1. Write the forensic acquisition report before validating the disk-image hash against the original media
  2. Acquire forensic images using documented methods and integrity hashes
  3. Coordinate memory and live-state collection before disruptive changes where safe
  4. Restrict evidence access to authorized investigators and log handling

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

A documented forensic acquisition produces a verifiable image of persistent storage while protecting the original laptop media. Acquisition hashes and handling records allow investigators to verify that the copied evidence is consistent with its source.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A well-written report is important but cannot establish an accurate forensic copy without verifiable imaging and hash evidence. The immediate task is to acquire and preserve persistent storage correctly.

C:

Live memory and transient process collection can preserve evidence that disk imaging omits, but this question specifically requires a forensic copy of persistent storage without modifying its original media.

D:

Access restrictions protect evidence confidentiality and chain of custody after collection. They do not themselves create the requested bit-level or forensically verifiable storage image.

Question 83

A hospital detects ransomware movement across workstations but isolating some devices could delay patient care. After reviewing the situation, the management objective is to select safe containment priorities. Which response MOST directly addresses it?

  1. Coordinate with clinical leaders to isolate noncritical paths first and protect essential treatment
  2. Review network and endpoint telemetry for continuing movement
  3. Revoke compromised access and restrict lateral trust paths where feasible
  4. Reintroduce validated systems in order of clinical dependency

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Containment must weigh immediate safety. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

B:

A command issued is not evidence of containment. That action primarily serves the different objective to verify isolation effectiveness. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to select safe containment priorities.

C:

Containment includes identities. That action primarily serves the different objective to prevent further spread through shared credentials. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to select safe containment priorities.

D:

Recovery should not reintroduce infection. That action primarily serves the different objective to plan staged restoration. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to select safe containment priorities.

Question 84

A retailer observes unusual outbound data volume from a customer analytics service. For the next governance decision, the team must determine whether exfiltration occurred. Which choice BEST provides that outcome?

  1. Monitor verified egress patterns and unauthorized destination changes
  2. Correlate data egress records, account activity and authorized business exports
  3. Restrict identified risky accounts and outbound paths under incident authority
  4. Determine confirmed data categories, recipients and governing duties with legal counsel

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Volume anomalies require context. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Ongoing assurance is needed. That action primarily serves the different objective to detect repeated leakage after remediation. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to determine whether exfiltration occurred.

C:

Targeted containment reduces exposure. That action primarily serves the different objective to limit ongoing unauthorized transfers. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to determine whether exfiltration occurred.

D:

Obligations depend on affected information. That action primarily serves the different objective to assess customer notification needs. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to determine whether exfiltration occurred.

Question 85

A media company learns that its website provider suffered a breach affecting shared administration credentials. The security program has been tasked specifically to confirm the company's actual scope of exposure. Which approach should be selected?

  1. Require provider indicators and compare with local account and service logs
  2. Use asset and data impact to decide targeted containment
  3. Reassess provider permissions, assurance gaps and alternate service options
  4. Invoke contractual incident reporting and evidence-sharing obligations

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Vendor breach does not prove identical customer compromise. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Unnecessary shutdown can worsen service disruption. That action primarily serves the different objective to assess whether business services require isolation. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to confirm the company's actual scope of exposure.

C:

Lessons should change third-party risk treatment. That action primarily serves the different objective to review supplier controls after the event. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to confirm the company's actual scope of exposure.

D:

Information should follow documented agreements. That action primarily serves the different objective to obtain reliable vendor updates. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to confirm the company's actual scope of exposure.

Question 86

A firm suspects an employee deliberately copied sensitive product plans before resignation. An employee-owned device and personal account may contain relevant material, but HR and legal have not yet established authority or proportional boundaries for collection. A security manager has a defined assignment: ensure investigation is authorized and proportionate. Which action BEST fulfills that specific assignment?

  1. Review offboarding, data access and monitoring controls after findings
  2. Restrict access proportionately under approved employment and incident procedures
  3. Coordinate with legal, HR and security under established investigative authority
  4. Correlate verified transfers, entitlements and data classifications

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Insider investigations require privacy safeguards. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Root cause may be systemic. That action primarily serves the different objective to address control weaknesses revealed by the case. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to ensure investigation is authorized and proportionate.

B:

Containment should avoid unnecessary rights violations. That action primarily serves the different objective to contain potential continued misuse. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to ensure investigation is authorized and proportionate.

D:

Suspicion alone does not establish loss. That action primarily serves the different objective to determine actual scope of information exposure. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to ensure investigation is authorized and proportionate.

Question 87

A cloud service owner's API keys appear in a public software repository. Cloud administration logs contain no unexpected resource updates, but the organization has not confirmed whether the exposed secrets still authenticate. The accountable executive now asks the team to establish whether keys remain active and exposed. What should the security manager recommend?

  1. Introduce secret scanning and safer credential injection into development workflows
  2. Assume the public repository keys are inactive because cloud resource-change logs show no suspicious administrative modifications
  3. Analyze data-plane evidence and affected account permissions
  4. Validate affected secrets and assess access logs through approved incident procedures

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Scope determines urgency. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Prevention should address the cause. That action primarily serves the different objective to prevent similar disclosures. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to establish whether keys remain active and exposed.

B:

Exposed secrets might still authorize data-plane access without changing cloud resources. Validate key status and permissions and investigate corresponding access activity.

C:

Key exposure alone is not proof of data access. That action primarily serves the different objective to determine whether customer data was accessed. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to establish whether keys remain active and exposed.

Question 88

An organization discovers a malicious update was distributed through a trusted software supplier. After reviewing the situation, the management objective is to identify potentially affected systems. Which response MOST directly addresses it?

  1. Validate known-good packages and strengthened supplier verification gates
  2. Map installed versions, deployment history and critical workloads
  3. Capture signed packages, hashes, update logs and supplier notices
  4. Review supplier assurance, contracts and correlated exposures

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Supply-chain impact follows actual deployment. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Recovery should address the delivery trust boundary. That action primarily serves the different objective to restore trust in the update process. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to identify potentially affected systems.

C:

Supply-chain findings require provenance. That action primarily serves the different objective to preserve evidence of the malicious release. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to identify potentially affected systems.

D:

A trusted channel can fail again. That action primarily serves the different objective to reassess supply-chain risk after containment. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to identify potentially affected systems.

Question 89

An online bank observes unexplained traffic during its busiest payment period; operations staff cannot yet distinguish a denial-of-service attack from legitimate demand. For the next governance decision, the team must establish whether traffic is malicious or a demand spike. Which choice BEST provides that outcome?

  1. Provide verified service status and escalation through the incident communications plan
  2. Use network telemetry, user behavior and service impact to classify the event
  3. Update provider contracts, runbooks and peak-load exercises from observed conditions
  4. Track legitimate transaction completion and service latency during containment

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Compare network flow characteristics, request patterns, authentication and transaction activity with expected peak demand. Correlating these signals with service impact helps distinguish an attack from legitimate high usage before choosing the response.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Communicating verified service status may be required during an incident, but notifying customers does not determine whether the observed traffic is legitimate demand or a denial-of-service attempt.

C:

Contracts and future exercises improve readiness, but revising them before examining current traffic cannot establish what caused this particular surge.

D:

Successful transactions and service latency measure business impact during mitigation. Those measures alone do not establish whether the incoming traffic is malicious, which requires traffic and behavior analysis.

Question 90

A hospital detects unauthorized changes to medication inventory records but systems remain online. An authoritative list of altered transactions has not yet been established, and clinical management has prohibited data changes until the affected records are identified from independent evidence. The security program has been tasked specifically to confirm which records may be untrustworthy. Which approach should be selected?

  1. Reconcile affected transactions with trusted audit and source records
  2. Reconcile approved source data and verify corrections with clinical owners
  3. Address the exploited authorization path and monitor sensitive record changes
  4. Coordinate clinical assessment of affected medication decisions

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Integrity failure can persist without downtime. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Rollback without validation may propagate errors. That action primarily serves the different objective to restore trusted data carefully. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to confirm which records may be untrustworthy.

C:

Root-cause treatment closes the weakness. That action primarily serves the different objective to prevent recurrence. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to confirm which records may be untrustworthy.

D:

Business impact can extend beyond IT. That action primarily serves the different objective to determine whether patient safety is threatened. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to confirm which records may be untrustworthy.

Certified Information Security Manager (CISM) Practice Tests