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Isaca CISM Practice Test 40

Question 390

A hospital detects unauthorized changes to medication inventory records but systems remain online. Investigators have identified the suspect transactions and preserved the supporting audit records. Corrections are now authorized but have not been applied or validated by clinical owners. After reviewing the situation, the management objective is to restore trusted data carefully. Which response MOST directly addresses it?

  1. Reconcile approved source data and verify corrections with clinical owners
  2. Coordinate clinical assessment of affected medication decisions
  3. Restrict suspect identities and privileged change paths under incident authority
  4. Reconcile affected transactions with trusted audit and source records

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Rollback without validation may propagate errors. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Business impact can extend beyond IT. That action primarily serves the different objective to determine whether patient safety is threatened. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to restore trusted data carefully.

C:

Targeted containment protects records. That action primarily serves the different objective to contain continued unauthorized modification. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to restore trusted data carefully.

D:

Integrity failure can persist without downtime. That action primarily serves the different objective to confirm which records may be untrustworthy. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to restore trusted data carefully.

Question 391

A logistics firm restored a ransomware-affected server from backup but has not established that its data is trustworthy. For the next governance decision, the team must measure whether objectives were met. Which choice BEST provides that outcome?

  1. Confirm eradication and access control remediation before reconnecting
  2. Compare trusted checkpoints and business reconciliations against restored records
  3. Follow approved priorities for logistics routing and customer updates
  4. Capture actual downtime and data loss against agreed RTO/RPO

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Service restoration should be evaluated. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Reconnection may reintroduce compromise. That action primarily serves the different objective to ensure the intrusion path is closed. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to measure whether objectives were met.

B:

Restoration does not guarantee correctness. That action primarily serves the different objective to verify restored data integrity before reopening access. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to measure whether objectives were met.

C:

Recovery sequence matters. That action primarily serves the different objective to restore service in business dependency order. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to measure whether objectives were met.

Question 392

A security team closes an incident when malware is removed but never examines why privileged access was granted. Corrective tasks are marked complete; the independent review must determine whether the original privileged-access path is still exploitable. The security program has been tasked specifically to verify corrective actions reduce risk. Which approach should be selected?

  1. Conduct a structured cross-functional post-incident review
  2. Close the funded remediation tickets using implementer attestations without reproducing the original exploited path
  3. Trace authorization, process and technology failures that enabled the breach
  4. Retest the originally exploited pathway and monitoring gaps

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Closure should reflect outcomes. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Improvement requires candid evidence. That action primarily serves the different objective to record what went well and poorly during response. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to verify corrective actions reduce risk.

B:

Budgeted action and ticket closure cannot prove risk reduction. Verifying correction requires testing the former attack route and monitoring weaknesses after implementation.

C:

Removing malware is not causal analysis. That action primarily serves the different objective to identify the root cause beyond the immediate symptom. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to verify corrective actions reduce risk.

Question 393

A logistics company tests incident communications only in daylight hours though a major outage occurred overnight. A security manager has a defined assignment: verify remediation of communication gaps. Which action BEST fulfills that specific assignment?

  1. Create backups for critical decision roles and verified alternate channels
  2. Repeat the failed callout sequence and measure response against target
  3. Record unreachable owners and delayed vendor acknowledgments
  4. Run an unannounced authorized out-of-hours escalation exercise

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Changes require retesting. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Single points of failure delay response. That action primarily serves the different objective to repair the contact and authority model. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to verify remediation of communication gaps.

C:

Exercise gaps require specifics. That action primarily serves the different objective to identify failed contact dependencies. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to verify remediation of communication gaps.

D:

Exercises should reflect actual incident timing. That action primarily serves the different objective to test realistic staffing and communication conditions. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to verify remediation of communication gaps.

Question 394

A multinational organization activates incident response simultaneously in multiple countries but has no unified incident commander. The accountable executive now asks the team to manage conflicting containment requests. What should the security manager recommend?

  1. Maintain a common status record and approved communication cadence
  2. Assign local legal leads to the global response team and map jurisdiction triggers
  3. Use business impact and command authority to resolve cross-border tradeoffs
  4. Define a lead incident commander and delegated regional responsibilities

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Containment can have global consequences. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Shared facts prevent fragmented decisions. That action primarily serves the different objective to share accurate incident state across regions. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to manage conflicting containment requests.

B:

Response needs local compliance expertise. That action primarily serves the different objective to coordinate national legal and privacy requirements. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to manage conflicting containment requests.

D:

One command model reduces conflicting containment. That action primarily serves the different objective to establish an incident command structure. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to manage conflicting containment requests.

Question 395

A university's security center labels every phishing report as a high-severity incident. After reviewing the situation, the management objective is to measure misclassification trends. Which response MOST directly addresses it?

  1. Sample incident records and compare ratings with defined criteria
  2. Triage indicators, exposure and critical service impact under approved rules
  3. Define validation and categorization criteria based on evidence and impact
  4. Invoke the threshold for affected identities and access risk

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Classification quality can be tested. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Resource allocation depends on severity. That action primarily serves the different objective to prioritize investigative effort. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to measure misclassification trends.

C:

Severity should follow actual consequences. That action primarily serves the different objective to distinguish reports from confirmed compromise. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to measure misclassification trends.

D:

Escalation should be evidence based. That action primarily serves the different objective to escalate a confirmed compromise of faculty accounts. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to measure misclassification trends.

Question 396

A fintech must update executives while investigators still disagree over whether customer data was exposed. For the next governance decision, the team must coordinate any legal notifications. Which choice BEST provides that outcome?

  1. Issue a status report showing known facts, unknowns and next verification steps
  2. Have legal counsel determine triggering facts and deadlines for applicable laws
  3. Link affected services, data categories and operational losses to evidence
  4. Present risk-based response options and consequences to the incident authority

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Notification is not solely a technical judgment. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Transparent uncertainty avoids false claims. That action primarily serves the different objective to separate verified facts from unconfirmed hypotheses. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to coordinate any legal notifications.

C:

Impact statements need support. That action primarily serves the different objective to document the current incident impact. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to coordinate any legal notifications.

D:

Leaders can act despite uncertainty. That action primarily serves the different objective to seek timely decisions without speculation. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to coordinate any legal notifications.

Question 397

A public utility has isolated an affected control-system host after a breach, and the team must verify it is clean before full restoration. The security program has been tasked specifically to validate dependent business processes. Which approach should be selected?

  1. Test operational control and communications end to end before handback
  2. Validate the environment against known indicators and required baselines
  3. Increase detection and log review for recurrence indicators
  4. Coordinate controlled restoration with engineering and safety teams

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Network availability does not guarantee process safety. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

B:

An infected host can reinfect systems. That action primarily serves the different objective to confirm eradication before declaring normal operations. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to validate dependent business processes.

C:

Recovery needs heightened assurance. That action primarily serves the different objective to monitor the recovered environment closely. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to validate dependent business processes.

D:

Recovery must protect physical operations. That action primarily serves the different objective to sequence recovery around safety needs. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to validate dependent business processes.

Question 398

Following a suspected attack, a bank has applied a narrowly scoped containment rule to an interbank settlement gateway with extremely limited tolerated downtime. A security manager has a defined assignment: verify that targeted containment blocks the attack path. Which action BEST fulfills that specific assignment?

  1. Use preapproved forensic collection compatible with required continuity
  2. Coordinate selective isolation with payment operations and regulators as appropriate
  3. Escalate to approved crisis and settlement risk decision makers
  4. Review network and transaction telemetry against known indicators

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Compare the relevant gateway network flows, rejected connection attempts and transaction telemetry against known indicators before and after containment. Continued malicious activity or legitimate-payment failures reveal whether the targeted rule needs adjustment.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Collecting volatile forensic evidence can support later investigation while maintaining settlement continuity, but it does not measure whether the already deployed containment rule is stopping the suspected attack path.

B:

Payment-operations coordination helps choose a selective containment action and avoid unnecessary downtime. Here containment has already been applied; the next decision is whether it actually blocked the path.

C:

Crisis decision makers may be required to authorize high-impact changes, but approval authority does not independently verify the effectiveness of the narrow rule already implemented.

Question 399

A manufacturing group relies on one outsourced cloud identity service for business continuity across every plant. The accountable executive now asks the team to test a cloud identity outage across plants. What should the security manager recommend?

  1. Exercise the dependency failure and verify operational targets
  2. Set tightly controlled emergency access with post-use monitoring
  3. Design and test approved identity fallback or alternate access arrangements
  4. Map cloud identity availability to safety, production and remote access workflows

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

A plan may fail at scale. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Availability exceptions need oversight. That action primarily serves the different objective to ensure fallback does not create excessive privileges. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to test a cloud identity outage across plants.

C:

Continuity needs an executable alternative. That action primarily serves the different objective to define a workable continuity approach. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to test a cloud identity outage across plants.

D:

Shared dependencies can concentrate outage impact. That action primarily serves the different objective to identify the common dependency across plants. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to test a cloud identity outage across plants.

Question 400

A government data center has backups but no plan to reconstruct application dependencies after a major outage. After reviewing the situation, the management objective is to verify recoverability in a realistic environment. Which response MOST directly addresses it?

  1. Exercise full-service restoration and validate business transactions
  2. Use BIA findings to define RTO/RPO for affected services
  3. Document repeatable runbooks with named owners and prerequisites
  4. Map identities, databases, networks and application dependencies

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Backup existence does not prove recoverability. This is the specified management outcome in the scenario; it gives the accountable team an action matched to the stated requirement.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Technical targets need business justification. That action primarily serves the different objective to set business-approved recovery targets. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to verify recoverability in a realistic environment.

C:

Recovery must be executable. That action primarily serves the different objective to prepare detailed technical restoration procedures. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to verify recoverability in a realistic environment.

D:

Recovery order affects service usability. That action primarily serves the different objective to establish the sequence needed for recovery. It is not the step that directly satisfies the stated need to verify recoverability in a realistic environment.

Certified Information Security Manager (CISM) Practice Tests