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CompTIA CAS-005 Practice Test 49

Question 480

In Municipal water operations, a security issue affects smart-meter firmware telemetry: vendor aggregator asks for full device-control subnet access to collect counters. The observed evidence is that architecture shows shared broker between read telemetry and valve commands. Operations must account for this constraint: meter ingestion must survive a cellular disconnect. The new design passed review, but deployment must preserve critical services. Which controlled rollout best fits?

  1. Review device attestation and unauthorized zone-crossing telemetry
  2. Trust every authenticated device for all controls in the plant subnet
  3. Define a narrow data perimeter and separate read-only trust zone with signed telemetry
  4. Deploy gateway policies with offline telemetry buffer and blocked actuator access

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Deploy gateway policies with offline telemetry buffer and blocked actuator access provides a governed means to introduce the chosen safeguard while respecting meter ingestion must survive a cellular disconnect. A sound design without a safe, authorized rollout does not establish operating protection.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Future assurance does not install the approved change under the current availability constraint. In this case, the evidence involves smart-meter firmware telemetry and architecture shows shared broker between read telemetry and valve commands.

B:

Device presence does not imply approval to execute high-risk actuation. The immediate requirement for smart-meter firmware telemetry is safe implementation, which this alternative does not provide.

C:

The design has already been selected and approved; choosing it again does not make a reversible operational change. In this case, the evidence involves smart-meter firmware telemetry and architecture shows shared broker between read telemetry and valve commands.

Question 481

In Aviation maintenance provider, a security issue affects contractor certificate access: outsourced engineers authenticate successfully but see unrelated aircraft service logs. The observed evidence is that claims carry vendor role without aircraft assignment attribute. Operations must account for this constraint: emergency repair authorization must remain auditable. Architects have verified the problem and must select a lasting safeguard. Which proposed design is most appropriate?

  1. Use ABAC based on current aircraft assignment with central policy decision and enforcement
  2. Review stale assignments, certificate expiry and exceptional repair access
  3. Create an unrestricted contractor role for faster incident response
  4. Trace subject attributes, resource ownership and when vendor assignments are valid

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Use ABAC based on current aircraft assignment with central policy decision and enforcement is the durable measure that addresses the observed weakness: outsourced engineers authenticate successfully but see unrelated aircraft service logs. It must be enforceable while preserving the stated constraint: emergency repair authorization must remain auditable.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Monitoring after rollout is not a substitute for specifying the control that should be enforced. In this case, the evidence involves contractor certificate access and claims carry vendor role without aircraft assignment attribute.

C:

Authentication does not justify organization-wide authorization. The immediate requirement for contractor certificate access is durable control selection, which this alternative does not provide.

D:

Investigation characterizes the problem, but the case already establishes the failure path and asks for an enforceable control. In this case, the evidence involves contractor certificate access and claims carry vendor role without aircraft assignment attribute.

Question 482

In Global retail chain, a security issue affects mobile point-of-sale endpoints: lost devices retain local cached payment support credentials. The observed evidence is that MDM inventory shows unencrypted cache and delayed wipe acknowledgment. Operations must account for this constraint: stores must process legitimate transactions offline for short periods. Before declaring the control effective, which test should exercise both the affected path and permitted behavior?

  1. Simulate device loss and verify cached keys become unusable after revocation window
  2. Trace device custody, credential expiry, local cache and synchronization states
  3. Push managed device profiles and scoped remote revocation while preserving offline safety
  4. Treat a screen lock as sufficient protection for permanently cached secrets

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Simulate device loss and verify cached keys become unusable after revocation window tests whether the original failure can still occur and whether authorized activity continues to work. A change ticket or rollout confirmation is weaker than direct acceptance evidence.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Cause analysis belongs before implementation; it is not a retest of the deployed control on the originally affected path. In this case, the evidence involves mobile point-of-sale endpoints and MDM inventory shows unencrypted cache and delayed wipe acknowledgment.

C:

A governed rollout makes the solution live, but installation and rollback readiness do not establish effectiveness. In this case, the evidence involves mobile point-of-sale endpoints and MDM inventory shows unencrypted cache and delayed wipe acknowledgment.

D:

UI locking alone cannot protect offline credentials against device extraction. The immediate requirement for mobile point-of-sale endpoints is verified remediation, which this alternative does not provide.

Question 483

In Digital banking consortium, a security issue affects partner API gateway: a compromised supplier token may traverse a trust boundary into payment settlement. The observed evidence is that data-flow diagram shows service account can write settlements without transaction approval. Operations must account for this constraint: settlement continuity must retain independent approval. The solution is approved and a production rollout is pending. Which change action manages availability, authorization and reversibility?

  1. Revisit threat model after partner interface or identity trust changes
  2. Deploy least-privilege API scopes and segregated validation before onboarding suppliers
  3. Place authorization and dual-control barriers at the settlement trust boundary
  4. Only scan the public gateway for well-known CVEs

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Deploy least-privilege API scopes and segregated validation before onboarding suppliers provides a governed means to introduce the chosen safeguard while respecting settlement continuity must retain independent approval. A sound design without a safe, authorized rollout does not establish operating protection.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Future assurance does not install the approved change under the current availability constraint. In this case, the evidence involves partner API gateway and data-flow diagram shows service account can write settlements without transaction approval.

C:

The design has already been selected and approved; choosing it again does not make a reversible operational change. In this case, the evidence involves partner API gateway and data-flow diagram shows service account can write settlements without transaction approval.

D:

Vulnerability scanning alone misses abuse of legitimate delegated authority. The immediate requirement for partner API gateway is safe implementation, which this alternative does not provide.

Question 484

In Multinational financial group, a security issue affects remote worker SASE access: users receive full office-subnet access after VPN authentication. The observed evidence is that incident simulation shows credential theft permits database traversal. Operations must account for this constraint: remote onboarding must support unmanaged personal devices only for public apps. The current report records a symptom but not its complete cause or trust boundary. Which assessment should the team perform?

  1. Migrate public and privileged applications through isolated policy rings
  2. Allow all traffic from a corporate VPN address as trusted
  3. Map identities, device posture, application sensitivity and access intersections
  4. Use app-specific SASE access with device-aware policy and no default LAN route

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Map identities, device posture, application sensitivity and access intersections connects the reported evidence (incident simulation shows credential theft permits database traversal) to the underlying control, authority or dependency path. A justified mitigation requires knowing the real scope of the issue, not guessing from its label.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Changing production before understanding the reported path could act on the wrong cause and disrupt service. In this case, the evidence involves remote worker SASE access and incident simulation shows credential theft permits database traversal.

B:

IP-based location says little about subject, device and object authorization. The immediate requirement for remote worker SASE access is evidence assessment, which this alternative does not provide.

D:

Proposing the control before establishing the scope would assume that the observed event arises from the expected trust boundary. In this case, the evidence involves remote worker SASE access and incident simulation shows credential theft permits database traversal.

Question 485

In Industrial sensor SaaS, a security issue affects customer-managed cloud data keys: tenant onboarding creates provider-managed keys despite contractual customer control. The observed evidence is that audit shows key policy permits provider support decrypt without tenant approval. Operations must account for this constraint: critical sensor alerts cannot pause during key migration. A completed diagnosis now needs an enforceable control architecture. Which control best resolves the documented weakness?

  1. Inventory key custody, encrypt/decrypt grants and support exception paths
  2. Treat provider-managed encryption at rest as equivalent to customer-held key authority
  3. Report drift in key policy and overdue grant revocations to tenant owners
  4. Adopt customer-controlled keys with tenant-approved decrypt grants and rotation policies

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Adopt customer-controlled keys with tenant-approved decrypt grants and rotation policies is the durable measure that addresses the observed weakness: tenant onboarding creates provider-managed keys despite contractual customer control. It must be enforceable while preserving the stated constraint: critical sensor alerts cannot pause during key migration.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Investigation characterizes the problem, but the case already establishes the failure path and asks for an enforceable control. In this case, the evidence involves customer-managed cloud data keys and audit shows key policy permits provider support decrypt without tenant approval.

B:

Encrypted storage does not imply customer control over decryption authority. The immediate requirement for customer-managed cloud data keys is durable control selection, which this alternative does not provide.

C:

Monitoring after rollout is not a substitute for specifying the control that should be enforced. In this case, the evidence involves customer-managed cloud data keys and audit shows key policy permits provider support decrypt without tenant approval.

Question 486

In International retail group, a security issue affects security program governance: subsidiaries record vendor exemptions in unrelated spreadsheets and never reconcile risk acceptance. The observed evidence is that audit finds one reseller exception kept open after its contract expired. Operations must account for this constraint: acquired subsidiaries must preserve local lawful approvals. After a successful go-live, the accountable owner must watch for recurring exposure. Which monitoring action best does that?

  1. Report unowned critical exceptions and unresolved GRC mapping conflicts to governance
  2. Implement a central GRC evidence map with approved local ownership and common expiry controls
  3. Reconcile sampled migrated records to source approvals, associated controls and expiry triggers
  4. Import all spreadsheet values as approved exceptions without provenance

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Report unowned critical exceptions and unresolved GRC mapping conflicts to governance identifies future loss of control, changed dependencies and exceptions affecting security program governance. Successful initial testing alone does not establish that the safeguard will remain effective.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Designing the safeguard is an earlier stage; ongoing assurance needs operational evidence of drift or bypass. In this case, the evidence involves security program governance and audit finds one reseller exception kept open after its contract expired.

C:

A one-time retest may miss later identity, supplier or configuration changes; continuing assurance is required. In this case, the evidence involves security program governance and audit finds one reseller exception kept open after its contract expired.

D:

Migration cannot confer acceptance authority absent from the original decision. The immediate requirement for security program governance is ongoing assurance, which this alternative does not provide.

Question 487

In Financial services SaaS, a security issue affects cloud audit trail: one tenant stops reporting access logs after a role update. The observed evidence is that ingestion dashboard shows no events though client API traffic persists. Operations must account for this constraint: financial audit retention cannot have silent gaps. The affected path has been established. What durable design addresses the underlying exposure without sacrificing required operations?

  1. Add signed ingestion heartbeat and independently monitored failure escalation
  2. Reconcile event sources with API activity, subscription permissions and connector health
  3. Treat absence of alerts as evidence the tenant has no incidents
  4. Trend source silence and unresolved collection gaps by owner

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Add signed ingestion heartbeat and independently monitored failure escalation is the durable measure that addresses the observed weakness: one tenant stops reporting access logs after a role update. It must be enforceable while preserving the stated constraint: financial audit retention cannot have silent gaps.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Investigation characterizes the problem, but the case already establishes the failure path and asks for an enforceable control. In this case, the evidence involves cloud audit trail and ingestion dashboard shows no events though client API traffic persists.

C:

Telemetry omission does not imply absence of malicious activity. The immediate requirement for cloud audit trail is durable control selection, which this alternative does not provide.

D:

Monitoring after rollout is not a substitute for specifying the control that should be enforced. In this case, the evidence involves cloud audit trail and ingestion dashboard shows no events though client API traffic persists.

Question 488

In Public-sector mail service, a security issue affects email campaign threat hunt: attackers rotate domains while reusing invoice-lure attachment behavior. The observed evidence is that mail metadata shows consistent MIME pattern and payload sandbox indicator. Operations must account for this constraint: legitimate invoices arrive from many changing supplier domains. The team is authorized to introduce the selected control. Which implementation method best honors the stated constraint?

  1. Review new payload families, stale rules and intelligence source quality
  2. Block only the first observed sender domain and call the campaign eradicated
  3. Stage detection across sandbox and historical mail logs with false-positive assessment
  4. Develop Sigma/YARA detections based on distinctive behavior rather than a single domain

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Stage detection across sandbox and historical mail logs with false-positive assessment provides a governed means to introduce the chosen safeguard while respecting legitimate invoices arrive from many changing supplier domains. A sound design without a safe, authorized rollout does not establish operating protection.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Future assurance does not install the approved change under the current availability constraint. In this case, the evidence involves email campaign threat hunt and mail metadata shows consistent MIME pattern and payload sandbox indicator.

B:

Infrastructure changes can evade brittle single-IOC hunting. The immediate requirement for email campaign threat hunt is safe implementation, which this alternative does not provide.

D:

The design has already been selected and approved; choosing it again does not make a reversible operational change. In this case, the evidence involves email campaign threat hunt and mail metadata shows consistent MIME pattern and payload sandbox indicator.

Question 489

In Global shipping company, a security issue affects laptop measured boot: stolen field laptops may boot malicious firmware and bypass disk trust. The observed evidence is that TPM measurements differ from approved boot baseline on one returned device. Operations must account for this constraint: offline vessel operation needs local disk availability. The change board needs a verified failure path before authorizing a permanent control. Which investigation supplies the most relevant evidence?

  1. Compare TPM PCR measurements, UEFI chain and stored baseline signatures
  2. Bind disk release to Secure Boot and TPM measured-boot policy
  3. Deploy firmware baseline and recovery key escrow with staged compatibility checks
  4. Require only a BIOS setup password while leaving boot-chain trust unchecked

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Compare TPM PCR measurements, UEFI chain and stored baseline signatures connects the reported evidence (TPM measurements differ from approved boot baseline on one returned device) to the underlying control, authority or dependency path. A justified mitigation requires knowing the real scope of the issue, not guessing from its label.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Proposing the control before establishing the scope would assume that the observed event arises from the expected trust boundary. In this case, the evidence involves laptop measured boot and TPM measurements differ from approved boot baseline on one returned device.

C:

Changing production before understanding the reported path could act on the wrong cause and disrupt service. In this case, the evidence involves laptop measured boot and TPM measurements differ from approved boot baseline on one returned device.

D:

A setup password does not attest runtime boot components. The immediate requirement for laptop measured boot is evidence assessment, which this alternative does not provide.

Question 490

In Hospital data warehouse, a security issue affects encrypted retired SSD drives: equipment disposal includes encrypted drives whose keys remain in active KMS. The observed evidence is that asset ledger shows storage encryption but no recorded key-destruction approval. Operations must account for this constraint: disposal must prove patient records are unrecoverable. The control passed its initial acceptance test. Which continuing oversight best reveals drift or new exceptions?

  1. Audit orphaned keys and disposal exceptions across media inventory
  2. Mark the drive wiped after deleting filesystem directory pointers
  3. Define cryptographic erase by destroying all applicable data-encryption keys under approval
  4. Attempt recovery and inspect KMS destruction logs and remaining replicas

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Audit orphaned keys and disposal exceptions across media inventory identifies future loss of control, changed dependencies and exceptions affecting encrypted retired SSD drives. Successful initial testing alone does not establish that the safeguard will remain effective.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Filesystem deletion does not invalidate encryption keys or all residual data. The immediate requirement for encrypted retired SSD drives is ongoing assurance, which this alternative does not provide.

C:

Designing the safeguard is an earlier stage; ongoing assurance needs operational evidence of drift or bypass. In this case, the evidence involves encrypted retired SSD drives and asset ledger shows storage encryption but no recorded key-destruction approval.

D:

A one-time retest may miss later identity, supplier or configuration changes; continuing assurance is required. In this case, the evidence involves encrypted retired SSD drives and asset ledger shows storage encryption but no recorded key-destruction approval.

CompTIA SecurityX (CAS-005) Practice Tests