CompTIA CAS-005 Practice Test 29
Question 280
In Enterprise airline alliance, a security issue affects federated passenger identity: service accepts OAuth ID token as authorization to modify travel reservations. The observed evidence is that gateway trace shows audience mismatch while access token scopes are absent. Operations must account for this constraint: check-in must remain usable on partner airline identity. The proposed fix is live. What should the assurance team verify before signing off remediation?
- Inspect token type, issuer, audience, scopes and resource-server validation errors
- Roll out dual-token handling with staged client compatibility and deny-by-default endpoints
- Treat a valid user login session as permission for any partner booking update
- Replay wrong-audience ID tokens against booking API and verify rejection
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Replay wrong-audience ID tokens against booking API and verify rejection tests whether the original failure can still occur and whether authorized activity continues to work. A change ticket or rollout confirmation is weaker than direct acceptance evidence.
Incorrect Answers
A:Cause analysis belongs before implementation; it is not a retest of the deployed control on the originally affected path. In this case, the evidence involves federated passenger identity and gateway trace shows audience mismatch while access token scopes are absent.
B:A governed rollout makes the solution live, but installation and rollback readiness do not establish effectiveness. In this case, the evidence involves federated passenger identity and gateway trace shows audience mismatch while access token scopes are absent.
C:Authentication by itself does not create scoped delegated API authority. The immediate requirement for federated passenger identity is verified remediation, which this alternative does not provide.
Question 281
In Education examination system, a security issue affects accessibility features: security acceptance lacks testable criteria for protected alternate-format submissions. The observed evidence is that requirements say only secure and accessible without threat or failure thresholds. Operations must account for this constraint: exam accommodations must not leak candidate identity. After a successful go-live, the accountable owner must watch for recurring exposure. Which monitoring action best does that?
- Declare completion when product backlog stories are closed
- Monitor failures and update acceptance tests when devices or policies change
- Exercise authorized and unauthorized accommodation workflows and verify traceable acceptance
- Define acceptance tests for authorization, data minimization and accessible flows
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Monitor failures and update acceptance tests when devices or policies change identifies future loss of control, changed dependencies and exceptions affecting accessibility features. Successful initial testing alone does not establish that the safeguard will remain effective.
Incorrect Answers
A:Task completion does not demonstrate testable privacy or accessibility outcomes. The immediate requirement for accessibility features is ongoing assurance, which this alternative does not provide.
C:A one-time retest may miss later identity, supplier or configuration changes; continuing assurance is required. In this case, the evidence involves accessibility features and requirements say only secure and accessible without threat or failure thresholds.
D:Designing the safeguard is an earlier stage; ongoing assurance needs operational evidence of drift or bypass. In this case, the evidence involves accessibility features and requirements say only secure and accessible without threat or failure thresholds.
Question 282
In Municipal citizen portal, a security issue affects build promotion approvals: developers can bypass production review by merging to an unprotected branch. The observed evidence is that pipeline audit shows direct deployment from a personal token. Operations must account for this constraint: citizen services cannot tolerate untested hotfixes. The team must distinguish a real control failure from assumptions about the observation. Which evidence-led action is most appropriate?
- Require protected branches, signed commits and segregated deployment approval
- Trace branch permissions, token scope and route from commit to production
- Add SAST findings to the pipeline but retain unapproved deployment access
- Stage service-account rotation and gate enforcement with emergency release path
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Trace branch permissions, token scope and route from commit to production connects the reported evidence (pipeline audit shows direct deployment from a personal token) to the underlying control, authority or dependency path. A justified mitigation requires knowing the real scope of the issue, not guessing from its label.
Incorrect Answers
A:Proposing the control before establishing the scope would assume that the observed event arises from the expected trust boundary. In this case, the evidence involves build promotion approvals and pipeline audit shows direct deployment from a personal token.
C:Code scanning does not replace release authorization controls. The immediate requirement for build promotion approvals is evidence assessment, which this alternative does not provide.
D:Changing production before understanding the reported path could act on the wrong cause and disrupt service. In this case, the evidence involves build promotion approvals and pipeline audit shows direct deployment from a personal token.
Question 283
In Energy grid market operator, a security issue affects interconnect service mesh: trusted east-west traffic carries control requests beyond the caller's market function. The observed evidence is that service telemetry shows a reporting workload invoking command endpoints. Operations must account for this constraint: latency budgets limit heavyweight security proxies on plant links. The control passed its initial acceptance test. Which continuing oversight best reveals drift or new exceptions?
- Hide the entire mesh behind a perimeter firewall and allow internal calls
- Use mutual workload identities and per-operation policy at a service enforcement point
- Watch service identity rotation and cross-zone policy exceptions
- Test disallowed reporting-to-control calls while measuring latency budgets
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:Watch service identity rotation and cross-zone policy exceptions identifies future loss of control, changed dependencies and exceptions affecting interconnect service mesh. Successful initial testing alone does not establish that the safeguard will remain effective.
Incorrect Answers
A:Outer perimeter trust cannot restrict lateral service-to-service privileges. The immediate requirement for interconnect service mesh is ongoing assurance, which this alternative does not provide.
B:Designing the safeguard is an earlier stage; ongoing assurance needs operational evidence of drift or bypass. In this case, the evidence involves interconnect service mesh and service telemetry shows a reporting workload invoking command endpoints.
D:A one-time retest may miss later identity, supplier or configuration changes; continuing assurance is required. In this case, the evidence involves interconnect service mesh and service telemetry shows a reporting workload invoking command endpoints.
Question 284
In Healthcare AI documentation service, a security issue affects clinical note summarizer: retrieved notes can carry prompt instructions that request bulk export to an outside endpoint. The observed evidence is that red-team canary text in reference document triggers an unauthorized export suggestion. Operations must account for this constraint: clinical editing must remain available without third-party data disclosure. The control passed its initial acceptance test. Which continuing oversight best reveals drift or new exceptions?
- Review model, tool and retrieval changes for newly opened agent permissions
- Inject controlled malicious note text to verify the assistant cannot export records
- Rely on a system prompt saying never disclose patient data as the sole protection
- Separate source text from instructions; enforce least-privilege tool allowlists and data egress policy
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Review model, tool and retrieval changes for newly opened agent permissions identifies future loss of control, changed dependencies and exceptions affecting clinical note summarizer. Successful initial testing alone does not establish that the safeguard will remain effective.
Incorrect Answers
B:A one-time retest may miss later identity, supplier or configuration changes; continuing assurance is required. In this case, the evidence involves clinical note summarizer and red-team canary text in reference document triggers an unauthorized export suggestion.
C:Natural-language guidance cannot reliably enforce external tool authorization. The immediate requirement for clinical note summarizer is ongoing assurance, which this alternative does not provide.
D:Designing the safeguard is an earlier stage; ongoing assurance needs operational evidence of drift or bypass. In this case, the evidence involves clinical note summarizer and red-team canary text in reference document triggers an unauthorized export suggestion.
Question 285
In Consumer video platform, a security issue affects serverless media processing: function has default outbound access and can retrieve unrelated customer buckets. The observed evidence is that trace shows public trigger supplying storage key outside its user's namespace. Operations must account for this constraint: uploads must continue without long-running servers. The proposed fix is live. What should the assurance team verify before signing off remediation?
- Deploy narrowed IAM and secret rotation via canary function aliases
- Trace event identity, function token privileges and object authorization boundary
- Use WAF filtering alone on upload URL while keeping broad backend IAM
- Test malicious object key requests and legitimate uploads across tenant boundaries
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Test malicious object key requests and legitimate uploads across tenant boundaries tests whether the original failure can still occur and whether authorized activity continues to work. A change ticket or rollout confirmation is weaker than direct acceptance evidence.
Incorrect Answers
A:A governed rollout makes the solution live, but installation and rollback readiness do not establish effectiveness. In this case, the evidence involves serverless media processing and trace shows public trigger supplying storage key outside its user's namespace.
B:Cause analysis belongs before implementation; it is not a retest of the deployed control on the originally affected path. In this case, the evidence involves serverless media processing and trace shows public trigger supplying storage key outside its user's namespace.
C:Edge input filtering cannot replace resource authorization enforced in cloud. The immediate requirement for serverless media processing is verified remediation, which this alternative does not provide.
Question 286
In Industrial automation vendor, a security issue affects embedded controller firmware: field upgrade can load an unsigned image through maintenance connector. The observed evidence is that test bench accepts a modified boot image before user authentication. Operations must account for this constraint: controllers have limited CPU and safety cutovers. The team is authorized to introduce the selected control. Which implementation method best honors the stated constraint?
- Monitor signature failures and root-of-trust inventory changes
- Stage signed firmware updates with safe recovery partition and maintenance authorization
- Rely on checksum downloaded over plaintext as proof of firmware authenticity
- Anchor signature verification in protected boot hardware and anti-rollback version policy
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Stage signed firmware updates with safe recovery partition and maintenance authorization provides a governed means to introduce the chosen safeguard while respecting controllers have limited CPU and safety cutovers. A sound design without a safe, authorized rollout does not establish operating protection.
Incorrect Answers
A:Future assurance does not install the approved change under the current availability constraint. In this case, the evidence involves embedded controller firmware and test bench accepts a modified boot image before user authentication.
C:Unkeyed checksums detect corruption but not deliberate malicious replacement. The immediate requirement for embedded controller firmware is safe implementation, which this alternative does not provide.
D:The design has already been selected and approved; choosing it again does not make a reversible operational change. In this case, the evidence involves embedded controller firmware and test bench accepts a modified boot image before user authentication.
Question 287
In Regional research laboratory, a security issue affects central detection fabric: cloud workload logs never reach the SIEM while perimeter alerts appear normal. The observed evidence is that collector health dashboard excludes one cloud account with sensitive samples. Operations must account for this constraint: laboratory compute bursts are unpredictable. The control passed its initial acceptance test. Which continuing oversight best reveals drift or new exceptions?
- Place cloud-native audit collectors with authenticated, centralized retention
- Increase perimeter IDS sensitivity instead of collecting cloud control-plane events
- Generate controlled cloud events and verify end-to-end timestamps in SIEM
- Alert on silent source failures and adjust retention as research scope changes
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Alert on silent source failures and adjust retention as research scope changes identifies future loss of control, changed dependencies and exceptions affecting central detection fabric. Successful initial testing alone does not establish that the safeguard will remain effective.
Incorrect Answers
A:Designing the safeguard is an earlier stage; ongoing assurance needs operational evidence of drift or bypass. In this case, the evidence involves central detection fabric and collector health dashboard excludes one cloud account with sensitive samples.
B:A louder network sensor cannot reveal omitted cloud audit activity. The immediate requirement for central detection fabric is ongoing assurance, which this alternative does not provide.
C:A one-time retest may miss later identity, supplier or configuration changes; continuing assurance is required. In this case, the evidence involves central detection fabric and collector health dashboard excludes one cloud account with sensitive samples.
Question 288
In International airport operator, a security issue affects baggage conveyor controls: vendor remote support shares an always-on cellular modem into operational network. The observed evidence is that network diagram lists modem outside airport change and asset inventory. Operations must account for this constraint: conveyor recovery must remain available in urgent incidents. The affected path has been established. What durable design addresses the underlying exposure without sacrificing required operations?
- Disable all vendor support permanently without an emergency operational route
- Use brokered time-bound remote access through industrial DMZ with session recording
- Map remote support path, vendor identity and reachable control endpoints
- Track modem inventory and privileged vendor sessions
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Use brokered time-bound remote access through industrial DMZ with session recording is the durable measure that addresses the observed weakness: vendor remote support shares an always-on cellular modem into operational network. It must be enforceable while preserving the stated constraint: conveyor recovery must remain available in urgent incidents.
Incorrect Answers
A:Availability and safety still need controlled emergency maintenance. The immediate requirement for baggage conveyor controls is durable control selection, which this alternative does not provide.
C:Investigation characterizes the problem, but the case already establishes the failure path and asks for an enforceable control. In this case, the evidence involves baggage conveyor controls and network diagram lists modem outside airport change and asset inventory.
D:Monitoring after rollout is not a substitute for specifying the control that should be enforced. In this case, the evidence involves baggage conveyor controls and network diagram lists modem outside airport change and asset inventory.
Question 289
In Global logistics broker, a security issue affects cross-border shipment metadata: partner processor moves customer data to an unapproved country and subcontractor. The observed evidence is that processing records show new storage region and an undisclosed subprocessor. Operations must account for this constraint: shipment tracking must remain functional during remediation. The team is authorized to introduce the selected control. Which implementation method best honors the stated constraint?
- Apply approved region restrictions and temporary least-data sharing before partner cutover
- Rely solely on the prime provider's marketing claim of global compliance
- Require region-pinned processing with enforceable subcontractor controls and audit rights
- Continuously review provider drift and reassess risk when legal or supplier conditions change
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Apply approved region restrictions and temporary least-data sharing before partner cutover provides a governed means to introduce the chosen safeguard while respecting shipment tracking must remain functional during remediation. A sound design without a safe, authorized rollout does not establish operating protection.
Incorrect Answers
B:A generic assurance statement does not establish location or subcontractor compliance. The immediate requirement for cross-border shipment metadata is safe implementation, which this alternative does not provide.
C:The design has already been selected and approved; choosing it again does not make a reversible operational change. In this case, the evidence involves cross-border shipment metadata and processing records show new storage region and an undisclosed subprocessor.
D:Future assurance does not install the approved change under the current availability constraint. In this case, the evidence involves cross-border shipment metadata and processing records show new storage region and an undisclosed subprocessor.
Question 290
In Regional electric utility, a security issue affects substation recovery planning: connected backups share credentials with production and could be encrypted during ransomware. The observed evidence is that restore exercise finds cloud snapshots accessible from compromised domain admin session. Operations must account for this constraint: grid restoration has strict four-hour service objective. The affected path has been established. What durable design addresses the underlying exposure without sacrificing required operations?
- Trace backup trust paths and estimate credible simultaneous production and backup loss
- Design isolated immutable backup copies with separate recovery identity and tested recovery objectives
- Purchase more snapshots under the same compromised production credentials
- Retest survivability after identity changes and track recovery gap against tolerance
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Design isolated immutable backup copies with separate recovery identity and tested recovery objectives is the durable measure that addresses the observed weakness: connected backups share credentials with production and could be encrypted during ransomware. It must be enforceable while preserving the stated constraint: grid restoration has strict four-hour service objective.
Incorrect Answers
A:Investigation characterizes the problem, but the case already establishes the failure path and asks for an enforceable control. In this case, the evidence involves substation recovery planning and restore exercise finds cloud snapshots accessible from compromised domain admin session.
C:Quantity of reachable copies does not provide recovery independence. The immediate requirement for substation recovery planning is durable control selection, which this alternative does not provide.
D:Monitoring after rollout is not a substitute for specifying the control that should be enforced. In this case, the evidence involves substation recovery planning and restore exercise finds cloud snapshots accessible from compromised domain admin session.