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CompTIA CAS-005 Practice Test 24

Question 230

In National museum archive, a security issue affects historic media preservation: a destructive storage fault could corrupt rare master files with no recent integrity proofs. The observed evidence is that one archive replica passes availability checks but checksum baselines disagree. Operations must account for this constraint: public exhibition must continue read-only. Implementation is the remaining gate; neither another design document nor a postrelease audit replaces it. Which execution action is best?

  1. Track integrity drift, verified recovery coverage and accountable restoration exceptions
  2. Declare every readable file valid because its storage device is online
  3. Design signed hash manifests, offline immutable masters and documented restoration authority
  4. Quarantine divergent replicas while staging a verified master restore under change control

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Quarantine divergent replicas while staging a verified master restore under change control provides a governed means to introduce the chosen safeguard while respecting public exhibition must continue read-only. A sound design without a safe, authorized rollout does not establish operating protection.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Future assurance does not install the approved change under the current availability constraint. In this case, the evidence involves historic media preservation and one archive replica passes availability checks but checksum baselines disagree.

B:

Availability says nothing about authenticity or bit-level integrity. The immediate requirement for historic media preservation is safe implementation, which this alternative does not provide.

C:

The design has already been selected and approved; choosing it again does not make a reversible operational change. In this case, the evidence involves historic media preservation and one archive replica passes availability checks but checksum baselines disagree.

Question 231

In Industrial manufacturing group, a security issue affects factory edge applications: east-west traffic bypasses inline inspection due to missing sensor placement. The observed evidence is that traffic maps show undetected production-to-office flows on a flat segment. Operations must account for this constraint: robotics control traffic cannot tolerate inline latency spikes. The control passed its initial acceptance test. Which continuing oversight best reveals drift or new exceptions?

  1. Place passive taps at boundary and selective enforcement on non-real-time interfaces
  2. Replay test traffic and prove representative lateral events reach collectors
  3. Insert an inline IPS into every deterministic robot-control link
  4. Track sensor blind spots and newly added production interfaces

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Track sensor blind spots and newly added production interfaces identifies future loss of control, changed dependencies and exceptions affecting factory edge applications. Successful initial testing alone does not establish that the safeguard will remain effective.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Designing the safeguard is an earlier stage; ongoing assurance needs operational evidence of drift or bypass. In this case, the evidence involves factory edge applications and traffic maps show undetected production-to-office flows on a flat segment.

B:

A one-time retest may miss later identity, supplier or configuration changes; continuing assurance is required. In this case, the evidence involves factory edge applications and traffic maps show undetected production-to-office flows on a flat segment.

C:

Aggressive in-path inspection can endanger real-time industrial availability. The immediate requirement for factory edge applications is ongoing assurance, which this alternative does not provide.

Question 232

In Public transit fare network, a security issue affects contactless validation: one central certificate service can halt all station validators on outage. The observed evidence is that recent test shows otherwise healthy validators cannot cache authorized local decisions. Operations must account for this constraint: offline tickets must expire safely and prevent duplicate redemption. The proposed fix is live. What should the assurance team verify before signing off remediation?

  1. Disconnect certificate service in test and confirm safe ticket acceptance and reconciliation
  2. Pilot short-lived offline authorizations in limited stations with tamper-safe fallback
  3. Permit unlimited local ticket acceptance when the central service fails
  4. Determine authorization dependencies, offline validity and replay failure modes

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Disconnect certificate service in test and confirm safe ticket acceptance and reconciliation tests whether the original failure can still occur and whether authorized activity continues to work. A change ticket or rollout confirmation is weaker than direct acceptance evidence.

Incorrect Answers

B:

A governed rollout makes the solution live, but installation and rollback readiness do not establish effectiveness. In this case, the evidence involves contactless validation and recent test shows otherwise healthy validators cannot cache authorized local decisions.

C:

Unbounded offline acceptance defeats fraud and expiry controls. The immediate requirement for contactless validation is verified remediation, which this alternative does not provide.

D:

Cause analysis belongs before implementation; it is not a retest of the deployed control on the originally affected path. In this case, the evidence involves contactless validation and recent test shows otherwise healthy validators cannot cache authorized local decisions.

Question 233

In Hydroelectric power authority, a security issue affects SCADA pump controllers: legacy PLC protocol has no native authentication and cannot be patched. The observed evidence is that packet captures show engineering writes from the office VLAN. Operations must account for this constraint: floodgate safety requires deterministic traffic and manual fallback. The decision is now about a preventive or corrective security architecture, not investigation or rollout. What should be chosen?

  1. Monitor unauthorized engineering commands and compensating control exceptions
  2. Inventory controller command paths, supported protocols and safety impact
  3. Use industrial DMZ, allowlisted engineering station and command jump server
  4. Install untested endpoint antivirus directly on the PLC

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Use industrial DMZ, allowlisted engineering station and command jump server is the durable measure that addresses the observed weakness: legacy PLC protocol has no native authentication and cannot be patched. It must be enforceable while preserving the stated constraint: floodgate safety requires deterministic traffic and manual fallback.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Monitoring after rollout is not a substitute for specifying the control that should be enforced. In this case, the evidence involves SCADA pump controllers and packet captures show engineering writes from the office VLAN.

B:

Investigation characterizes the problem, but the case already establishes the failure path and asks for an enforceable control. In this case, the evidence involves SCADA pump controllers and packet captures show engineering writes from the office VLAN.

D:

Unsupported software may disrupt safety control and cannot add protocol authentication. The immediate requirement for SCADA pump controllers is durable control selection, which this alternative does not provide.

Question 234

In National logistics carrier, a security issue affects container tracking APIs: API firewall blocks legitimate carrier callbacks during bursts. The observed evidence is that packet capture identifies uneven backend queues and saturated proxy tier. Operations must account for this constraint: integrations must retain authenticated callback signatures. Normal operations have resumed; leadership now wants sustained assurance rather than another one-time deployment. What should be tracked?

  1. Disable signature validation to improve callback throughput
  2. Design tiered gateways with authenticated queue isolation and autoscaling
  3. Load-test authorized peak bursts and verify latency and signature enforcement
  4. Track gateway health and response time by authenticated partner tier

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Track gateway health and response time by authenticated partner tier identifies future loss of control, changed dependencies and exceptions affecting container tracking APIs. Successful initial testing alone does not establish that the safeguard will remain effective.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Removing authentication trades availability pressure for unauthorized service access. The immediate requirement for container tracking APIs is ongoing assurance, which this alternative does not provide.

B:

Designing the safeguard is an earlier stage; ongoing assurance needs operational evidence of drift or bypass. In this case, the evidence involves container tracking APIs and packet capture identifies uneven backend queues and saturated proxy tier.

C:

A one-time retest may miss later identity, supplier or configuration changes; continuing assurance is required. In this case, the evidence involves container tracking APIs and packet capture identifies uneven backend queues and saturated proxy tier.

Question 235

In Regional bank, a security issue affects TLS partner gateway: client and server negotiate no shared cipher after a partner hardening change. The observed evidence is that handshake trace shows client offered only obsolete suites while server requires TLS 1.3. Operations must account for this constraint: payment APIs may not downgrade to known-weak cryptography. The owner needs a defensible cause and scope analysis, not yet a production fix. What should be investigated?

  1. Upgrade or configure supported modern TLS suites with authenticated endpoints
  2. Compare supported protocol versions, cipher suites and certificate chain on both ends
  3. Stage partner client update and controlled negotiation testing before cutover
  4. Re-enable SSLv3 for universal interoperability

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Compare supported protocol versions, cipher suites and certificate chain on both ends connects the reported evidence (handshake trace shows client offered only obsolete suites while server requires TLS 1.3) to the underlying control, authority or dependency path. A justified mitigation requires knowing the real scope of the issue, not guessing from its label.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Proposing the control before establishing the scope would assume that the observed event arises from the expected trust boundary. In this case, the evidence involves TLS partner gateway and handshake trace shows client offered only obsolete suites while server requires TLS 1.3.

C:

Changing production before understanding the reported path could act on the wrong cause and disrupt service. In this case, the evidence involves TLS partner gateway and handshake trace shows client offered only obsolete suites while server requires TLS 1.3.

D:

Obsolete protocol downgrade sacrifices required confidentiality and integrity. The immediate requirement for TLS partner gateway is evidence assessment, which this alternative does not provide.

Question 236

In Global industrial supplier, a security issue affects signed maintenance automation: PowerShell job downloads configuration from unsigned public repository. The observed evidence is that runbook shows shell executes remote code as a domain admin. Operations must account for this constraint: legacy plants allow only restricted maintenance windows. Normal operations have resumed; leadership now wants sustained assurance rather than another one-time deployment. What should be tracked?

  1. Use signed packaged scripts from controlled repository with least-privilege service account
  2. Obfuscate downloaded script text before running it as domain admin
  3. Track unauthorized script attempts, signing-key custody and job failures
  4. Attempt unsigned script execution and verify hard failure with logged event

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Track unauthorized script attempts, signing-key custody and job failures identifies future loss of control, changed dependencies and exceptions affecting signed maintenance automation. Successful initial testing alone does not establish that the safeguard will remain effective.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Designing the safeguard is an earlier stage; ongoing assurance needs operational evidence of drift or bypass. In this case, the evidence involves signed maintenance automation and runbook shows shell executes remote code as a domain admin.

B:

Obfuscation hides code but neither proves origin nor limits privilege. The immediate requirement for signed maintenance automation is ongoing assurance, which this alternative does not provide.

D:

A one-time retest may miss later identity, supplier or configuration changes; continuing assurance is required. In this case, the evidence involves signed maintenance automation and runbook shows shell executes remote code as a domain admin.

Question 237

In Regional savings cooperative, a security issue affects branch risk-exception approvals: branch managers waive sensitive-data controls without a delegated authority matrix. The observed evidence is that three exceptions show contradictory signatures and no expiry. Operations must account for this constraint: board retains decisions beyond financial tolerance. The change has been implemented and its ticket closed. Which technical check would establish that the original issue is actually controlled?

  1. Make the CISO sole risk acceptor for every branch exception
  2. Map each exception to the approved charter, risk owner, decision limit and affected data
  3. Sample approved and rejected exceptions for actual signatures, expiry and compensating evidence
  4. Pilot the approval workflow in two branches with recorded escalation and rollback of legacy delegation

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Sample approved and rejected exceptions for actual signatures, expiry and compensating evidence tests whether the original failure can still occur and whether authorized activity continues to work. A change ticket or rollout confirmation is weaker than direct acceptance evidence.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A security function can advise but cannot unilaterally own the business consequence. The immediate requirement for branch risk-exception approvals is verified remediation, which this alternative does not provide.

B:

Cause analysis belongs before implementation; it is not a retest of the deployed control on the originally affected path. In this case, the evidence involves branch risk-exception approvals and three exceptions show contradictory signatures and no expiry.

D:

A governed rollout makes the solution live, but installation and rollback readiness do not establish effectiveness. In this case, the evidence involves branch risk-exception approvals and three exceptions show contradictory signatures and no expiry.

Question 238

In Industrial sensor SaaS, a security issue affects customer-managed cloud data keys: tenant onboarding creates provider-managed keys despite contractual customer control. The observed evidence is that audit shows key policy permits provider support decrypt without tenant approval. Operations must account for this constraint: critical sensor alerts cannot pause during key migration. The owner requests acceptance evidence, rather than a deployment success message. Which validation is most conclusive?

  1. Test provider-support decrypt denial and authorized sensor data access
  2. Inventory key custody, encrypt/decrypt grants and support exception paths
  3. Treat provider-managed encryption at rest as equivalent to customer-held key authority
  4. Stage re-encryption and deny stale provider key usage with recovery fallback

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Test provider-support decrypt denial and authorized sensor data access tests whether the original failure can still occur and whether authorized activity continues to work. A change ticket or rollout confirmation is weaker than direct acceptance evidence.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Cause analysis belongs before implementation; it is not a retest of the deployed control on the originally affected path. In this case, the evidence involves customer-managed cloud data keys and audit shows key policy permits provider support decrypt without tenant approval.

C:

Encrypted storage does not imply customer control over decryption authority. The immediate requirement for customer-managed cloud data keys is verified remediation, which this alternative does not provide.

D:

A governed rollout makes the solution live, but installation and rollback readiness do not establish effectiveness. In this case, the evidence involves customer-managed cloud data keys and audit shows key policy permits provider support decrypt without tenant approval.

Question 239

In Global industrial supplier, a security issue affects signed maintenance automation: PowerShell job downloads configuration from unsigned public repository. The observed evidence is that runbook shows shell executes remote code as a domain admin. Operations must account for this constraint: legacy plants allow only restricted maintenance windows. The owner requests acceptance evidence, rather than a deployment success message. Which validation is most conclusive?

  1. Attempt unsigned script execution and verify hard failure with logged event
  2. Trace script source, signature validation and effective execution privileges
  3. Move scheduled tasks to signed-artifact execution and audited maintenance approval
  4. Obfuscate downloaded script text before running it as domain admin

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Attempt unsigned script execution and verify hard failure with logged event tests whether the original failure can still occur and whether authorized activity continues to work. A change ticket or rollout confirmation is weaker than direct acceptance evidence.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Cause analysis belongs before implementation; it is not a retest of the deployed control on the originally affected path. In this case, the evidence involves signed maintenance automation and runbook shows shell executes remote code as a domain admin.

C:

A governed rollout makes the solution live, but installation and rollback readiness do not establish effectiveness. In this case, the evidence involves signed maintenance automation and runbook shows shell executes remote code as a domain admin.

D:

Obfuscation hides code but neither proves origin nor limits privilege. The immediate requirement for signed maintenance automation is verified remediation, which this alternative does not provide.

Question 240

In Education examination system, a security issue affects accessibility features: security acceptance lacks testable criteria for protected alternate-format submissions. The observed evidence is that requirements say only secure and accessible without threat or failure thresholds. Operations must account for this constraint: exam accommodations must not leak candidate identity. The proposed fix is live. What should the assurance team verify before signing off remediation?

  1. Elicit measurable access, integrity and accessibility requirements from affected owners
  2. Exercise authorized and unauthorized accommodation workflows and verify traceable acceptance
  3. Integrate accessible security test cases into SDLC and release gates
  4. Declare completion when product backlog stories are closed

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Exercise authorized and unauthorized accommodation workflows and verify traceable acceptance tests whether the original failure can still occur and whether authorized activity continues to work. A change ticket or rollout confirmation is weaker than direct acceptance evidence.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Cause analysis belongs before implementation; it is not a retest of the deployed control on the originally affected path. In this case, the evidence involves accessibility features and requirements say only secure and accessible without threat or failure thresholds.

C:

A governed rollout makes the solution live, but installation and rollback readiness do not establish effectiveness. In this case, the evidence involves accessibility features and requirements say only secure and accessible without threat or failure thresholds.

D:

Task completion does not demonstrate testable privacy or accessibility outcomes. The immediate requirement for accessibility features is verified remediation, which this alternative does not provide.

CompTIA SecurityX (CAS-005) Practice Tests