Cisco 300-435 Exam Dumps & Practice Test Questions
Question No 1:
What are two primary benefits of using YANG-push telemetry data compared to traditional methods like SNMP polling? (Choose two.)
A. Subscription requests use less bandwidth than SNMP polling.
B. YANG-push telemetry uses UDP instead of TCP.
C. YANG-push allows detailed definition of data subscriptions.
D. YANG-push telemetry scales more effectively than SNMP.
E. YANG-push telemetry is supported by more devices than SNMP.
Correct Answers:
C. YANG-push allows detailed definition of data subscriptions.
D. YANG-push telemetry scales more effectively than SNMP.
Explanation:
YANG-push telemetry is an advanced and more efficient approach for gathering real-time network data, offering several advantages over traditional SNMP polling. Below are the key benefits of YANG-push telemetry when compared to SNMP polling:
Precise Definition of Data Subscriptions (Answer C):
One of the major advantages of YANG-push telemetry is its ability to define exactly which data should be collected. YANG (Yet Another Next Generation) models specify the structure and type of data within network devices, allowing network administrators to subscribe to specific data points. This provides more control over which metrics or logs are collected and ensures that only necessary data is transmitted. In contrast, SNMP often requires polling a wide range of data and filtering out unnecessary information afterward.
Scalability (Answer D):
YANG-push telemetry is more scalable than SNMP. Traditional SNMP polling can be inefficient when scaling to large numbers of devices or frequent polling intervals, as it generates significant network traffic and places a load on devices. In comparison, YANG-push allows devices to push data automatically without the need for frequent polling, reducing overhead and making it easier to scale in large, dynamic networks.
Option A (Subscription requests consume less bandwidth than SNMP polling):
Although YANG-push can be more efficient in how data is transmitted, it does not necessarily consume less bandwidth than SNMP. The actual bandwidth usage depends on factors like the frequency and volume of the data being sent, rather than the method of transmission itself.
Option B (YANG-push uses UDP rather than TCP):
YANG-push does not rely on UDP over TCP. While UDP may be used in some telemetry scenarios to reduce overhead, YANG-push can function with either UDP or TCP depending on the deployment needs and specific requirements.
Option E (It is supported on more devices than SNMP):
Although YANG-push is a modern solution, SNMP has been around longer and is widely supported on a larger variety of devices, especially older hardware. While support for YANG-push is growing, it is not yet as universally supported as SNMP.
In conclusion, YANG-push telemetry provides precise control over the data being collected and offers better scalability than SNMP polling. These advantages make YANG-push a preferred option for modern network monitoring, particularly in large-scale environments that require real-time data collection.
Question No 2:
Which tag is essential when setting up a YANG-push subscription on a Cisco IOS XE device?
A. yp:period
B. yp:subscription-result
C. yp:subscription-id
D. yp:xpath-filter
Correct Answer: C. yp:subscription-id
Explanation:
When configuring YANG-push on Cisco IOS XE devices, YANG-push enables real-time updates of network data models, eliminating the need for frequent polling. YANG-push uses subscriptions to manage data updates, and these subscriptions require specific tags to be properly set up. Among these, the most crucial tag is yp:subscription-id.
Role of yp:subscription-id:
The yp:subscription-id tag is used to identify a specific YANG-push subscription. This tag serves as a unique identifier for each subscription, helping to manage and track data notifications for that subscription. Without this identifier, it would be impossible to correlate the data updates with the correct subscription, making it essential for tracking and managing YANG-push sessions.
yp:period:
The yp:period tag defines the interval at which data updates are sent. While this tag is important for setting the frequency of updates, it does not establish the subscription itself. The yp:subscription-id tag is necessary to create the subscription, making it the primary tag, while yp:period is secondary in importance.
yp:subscription-result:
The yp:subscription-result tag indicates the status of a subscription request, such as whether it was successful or not. However, it does not contribute to the creation of the subscription itself and is not essential for the setup.
yp:xpath-filter:
The yp:xpath-filter tag is used to filter the data being pushed based on XPath expressions. While filtering data is useful for restricting the information received, this tag is not required to create the subscription. It helps manage the data but is not fundamental to establishing the subscription itself.
In conclusion, when setting up a YANG-push subscription on Cisco IOS XE devices, the yp:subscription-id tag is crucial as it uniquely identifies the subscription. The other tags, such as yp:period, yp:subscription-result, and yp:xpath-filter, are important for configuring specific aspects of the subscription or filtering data, but they are not as essential as the subscription identifier itself.
Question No 3:
What is the purpose of the command boot ipxe forever switch 1 when executed on a Cisco IOS XE device?
Choose the correct option and provide a detailed explanation of how it works.
A. It continuously sends DHCP requests for iPXE until the device boots with an image.
B. It continuously sends DNS requests for iPXE until the device restarts.
C. It continuously sends DNS requests for iPXE until the device boots with an image.
D. It continuously sends DHCP requests for iPXE until the device restarts.
Correct Answer:
A. It continuously sends DHCP requests for iPXE until the device boots with an image.
Explanation:
The boot ipxe forever switch 1 command on Cisco IOS XE devices is part of a boot process designed for iPXE (Intel Preboot eXecution Environment). This command is important for network-based booting, allowing devices to boot from the network rather than local storage. Here is a breakdown of how it works:
iPXE is an open-source network boot firmware that enables devices to boot over the network. It extends PXE (Preboot Execution Environment) by supporting advanced features like booting via HTTP and connecting to network resources such as TFTP, HTTP, or iSCSI. iPXE allows devices like routers to load their operating systems from a network server.
The boot ipxe command triggers the network booting process by sending DHCP requests to locate a server that can provide the required boot files. The keyword "forever" ensures the device continuously sends these requests without stopping, allowing it to keep trying until it connects to a valid boot server and successfully loads the boot image.
The switch 1 part of the command indicates which interface will be used for the DHCP requests, ensuring that the correct network port is used for booting.
The process continues until the device successfully connects to a network boot server and retrieves the boot image, ensuring that the device can boot over the network even if there are intermittent network issues.
Why not the other options?
Option B and C are incorrect because DNS requests are not part of the initial iPXE boot process. DNS typically helps resolve hostnames but is not used to locate the boot image during network booting.
Option D is incorrect because the "forever" keyword means the process continues indefinitely without restarting, whereas the goal is to find a valid boot image, not restart after a failed attempt.
The boot ipxe forever switch 1 command sends DHCP requests indefinitely to find a network server for iPXE booting until a valid image is loaded, making option A the correct answer.
Question No 4:
Which environment must be activated on a Cisco IOS XE device to complete the Zero-Touch Provisioning (ZTP) process?
A. TCL
B. ZTP Open Service Container
C. EEM
D. Guest Shell
Correct Answer: B. ZTP Open Service Container
Explanation:
Zero-Touch Provisioning (ZTP) allows devices to automatically configure and deploy without manual intervention, making it highly useful in large-scale environments. To complete the ZTP process on Cisco IOS XE devices, the correct environment needs to be activated. The ZTP Open Service Container is the correct choice for this process. Here's why:
The ZTP Open Service Container is a crucial component for ZTP on Cisco devices running IOS XE. This container helps automate the download of configuration files and the necessary software images from a remote server. Once the device is powered on and connected to the network, the ZTP Open Service Container is responsible for handling the entire ZTP lifecycle, from obtaining network settings via DHCP to retrieving configuration files from a TFTP or HTTP server. It ensures the device is properly configured and ready to be deployed in the network without manual intervention.
The ZTP process is designed to reduce human error and simplify the deployment of network devices by automating the configuration and software updates. It ensures the device is properly configured with the correct settings and software image.
Why other options are incorrect:
TCL (Option A) is a scripting language that can be used to automate tasks on Cisco devices, but it is not the environment used for ZTP.
EEM (Option C) is an automation tool that runs event-driven scripts, but it is not specifically used for ZTP. ZTP relies on the ZTP Open Service Container, not EEM.
Guest Shell (Option D) is a Linux-based container that allows running Python scripts, but it is not related to the ZTP process. The Guest Shell is used for custom applications, not for provisioning the device.
The ZTP Open Service Container is the environment required to complete the Zero-Touch Provisioning process on Cisco IOS XE devices. It automates the configuration and software deployment, making it the correct choice for ZTP.
Question No 5:
Complete the statement: __________ is a solution for automating the configuration of a device when it is first powered on, using DHCP and TFTP.
Correct Answer: Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP)
Explanation:
Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP) is a solution designed to automatically configure network devices such as routers, switches, and firewalls when they are powered on for the first time. This eliminates the need for manual configuration and relies on technologies like DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) and TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) to automatically download configuration files, ensuring that the devices are ready to operate with minimal human intervention.
Here’s how ZTP works:
When a network device is powered on for the first time, it typically lacks configuration settings. Zero Touch Provisioning enables these devices to automatically obtain configuration information during their boot-up. The process is as follows:
The device is powered on and begins booting.
The device sends a DHCP request to obtain an IP address.
The DHCP server responds with an IP address and other network details, including the TFTP server URL.
The device contacts the TFTP server and requests the configuration file.
The configuration file is transferred to the device and used to complete its setup automatically.
Benefits of ZTP:
Time savings, consistency, scalability, and ease of use are the main advantages of ZTP. It reduces the time required for manual configuration, ensures consistent settings across devices, and supports large-scale deployments by eliminating the need for physical interaction with each device.
In conclusion, Zero Touch Provisioning is an essential tool for automating device configuration, saving time, ensuring consistency, and supporting efficient, large-scale network deployments.
Question No 6:
Fill in the blank: Complete the following statement with the correct term: __________ is a method used to automate the initial configuration of a network device upon its first boot, utilizing DHCP and TFTP to retrieve configuration files.
Answer:
Zero-Touch Provisioning (ZTP)
Explanation:
Zero-Touch Provisioning (ZTP) automates the configuration of network devices like routers, switches, and firewalls when they are powered on for the first time. ZTP leverages Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) to automatically download the required configuration files to the device, enabling it to operate without manual configuration.
Here’s how ZTP works:
The device sends a DHCP request to obtain an IP address and additional configuration information.
The DHCP server provides the necessary information, including the TFTP server address.
The device uses TFTP to download its configuration file from the server.
The configuration file is applied, and the device is ready for use.
ZTP simplifies large-scale deployments, ensuring that devices are configured automatically with minimal human interaction. It reduces the time and errors associated with manual configuration, helping organizations efficiently deploy devices across extensive networks.
In summary, ZTP offers an automated and efficient approach to configuring devices, streamlining deployment and ensuring that devices are set up correctly as soon as they are powered on. This method is widely adopted in large-scale network environments, data centers, and service provider networks.
Question No 7:
What is the primary purpose of using the Cisco DNA Center in network automation?
A. To analyze network traffic and reduce bandwidth consumption
B. To automate network design, provisioning, and policy application
C. To manually configure network devices across various platforms
D. To monitor network performance without automation
Correct Answer: B
Explanation:
The Cisco DNA Center is a network automation and management platform that facilitates the automation of network configuration, policy enforcement, and monitoring. The correct answer is B, as the Cisco DNA Center is designed to automate network design, provisioning, and policy application, significantly reducing the time and effort required to manage large-scale networks.
Through network automation, Cisco DNA Center enables businesses to accelerate deployment processes, optimize resources, and ensure consistent policy application across devices and locations. It simplifies tasks such as device configuration, firmware updates, and network segmentation, all of which would traditionally require manual intervention. Cisco DNA Center allows administrators to automate these actions via centralized control, thus reducing errors, enhancing network security, and ensuring scalability.
Cisco DNA Center also integrates with other Cisco solutions like Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) and Cisco Software-Defined Access (SD-Access) to deliver a comprehensive, end-to-end automation solution. This ensures that the network can adapt dynamically to new business needs or unexpected changes in the infrastructure.
Option A is incorrect because while Cisco DNA Center can improve network efficiency, its main purpose is not specifically to reduce bandwidth consumption. Option C is also incorrect, as Cisco DNA Center is focused on automation, not manual configuration. Option D is inaccurate because, although Cisco DNA Center does provide network monitoring, it is primarily known for automation, not just performance monitoring.
In summary, the Cisco DNA Center streamlines and automates network management, allowing businesses to quickly deploy, manage, and scale networks with consistent policy enforcement and optimal performance.
Question No 8:
How does the Cisco SD-Access solution enhance network segmentation?
A. It automates the creation of virtual networks without any manual configuration
B. It allows for dynamic segmentation based on user roles and device types
C. It reduces the need for network policies by simplifying access control lists (ACLs)
D. It provides a centralized dashboard to monitor and manage network segments
Correct Answer: B
Explanation:
Cisco’s SD-Access (Software-Defined Access) solution is a key component in achieving automated network segmentation, and its primary value lies in its ability to dynamically assign users, devices, and traffic into segments based on various contextual factors, such as user roles and device types. The correct answer is B, as SD-Access provides the ability to dynamically segment the network based on attributes like identity, device type, and location, improving security and simplifying network management.
With Cisco SD-Access, administrators can automate the segmentation of traffic, making it easier to apply security policies across the network. Instead of manually configuring VLANs or access control lists (ACLs), SD-Access allows for policy-based segmentation, where policies are automatically applied based on the user or device’s role. For example, a user accessing the network from a mobile device may have different access privileges compared to a user on a corporate laptop, and this can be enforced automatically without needing additional configurations.
This solution integrates seamlessly with other Cisco technologies, such as Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE), to apply dynamic policies based on user and device identity. It provides a more flexible and scalable approach compared to traditional manual segmentation methods, which can be cumbersome and error-prone, particularly in large-scale environments.
Option A is incorrect because while SD-Access automates segmentation, it does not eliminate all manual configurations in the network. Option C is also incorrect, as SD-Access enhances, rather than simplifies, network policy enforcement through dynamic segmentation. Option D is inaccurate because while SD-Access does provide centralized management, the solution’s primary strength lies in dynamic segmentation based on context, not just centralized monitoring.
In summary, Cisco SD-Access transforms network segmentation by enabling dynamic and context-aware segmentation, which ensures more secure, scalable, and easily manageable networks.
Question No 9:
What is the required environment to be activated on a Cisco IOS XE device for the Zero-Touch Provisioning (ZTP) process to complete successfully?
A. Open ZTP Service Container
B. EEM (Embedded Event Manager)
C. TCL Scripting Environment
D. Guest Shell Environment
Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
Zero-Touch Provisioning (ZTP) is an automated network deployment process that allows Cisco devices to be configured without manual intervention. It is especially useful in large-scale deployments where devices need to be quickly configured and integrated into the network without technician involvement. For this process to function on Cisco IOS XE devices, the Open ZTP Service Container must be enabled.
The Open ZTP Service Container is a dedicated environment that handles the core tasks involved in ZTP. It is responsible for ensuring the device automatically receives an IP address via DHCP, downloads necessary configuration files, and applies them to the device without any user interaction. This is an essential feature in environments where devices need to be configured remotely and quickly, and it can significantly reduce the time and manual effort required for large deployments.
Option B, EEM (Embedded Event Manager), is a tool used for automating specific network tasks based on events. However, it does not facilitate ZTP. EEM can help with configurations, troubleshooting, and other network management tasks, but ZTP requires the Open ZTP Service Container.
Option C, TCL Scripting Environment, is used to automate processes within the Cisco device, often for tasks like automation and customization. TCL, however, is not responsible for enabling the ZTP process; it is a separate automation tool, not the core mechanism for ZTP.
Option D, Guest Shell, is a containerized Linux environment on Cisco IOS XE devices used for running Python scripts and other Linux-based tasks. While it is useful for many custom applications, it is not part of the ZTP process, as ZTP needs the Open ZTP Service Container to execute its functions.
The Open ZTP Service Container ensures that devices can automatically obtain their configurations and software images from a central server, making it the most crucial environment for the ZTP process.
Question No 10:
What is the purpose of the Cisco IOS XE command "boot ipxe forever switch 1"?
A. To repeatedly attempt network booting via DHCP requests until the device successfully finds a bootable image.
B. To initiate a manual reboot of the device after multiple iPXE boot attempts.
C. To send multiple DNS requests for iPXE until a proper boot file is found.
D. To stop all boot-related processes and return the device to its default state.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
The command "boot ipxe forever switch 1" is used within Cisco IOS XE to initiate an infinite loop of network-based boot attempts using the iPXE protocol. iPXE is a network booting technology that allows a device to start up and load its operating system via a network connection, rather than relying on local storage like hard drives or SSDs. This command is helpful in environments where remote booting is essential, especially when configuring devices without direct access to their physical storage or during troubleshooting.
The key aspect of the command is the "forever" flag, which ensures that the device will continuously attempt to find a boot image through DHCP requests until the device successfully boots. The switch 1 part refers to the network interface the device will use for sending out the boot requests. This is critical in environments where devices need to be provisioned from a remote server, and continuous attempts are needed to locate the appropriate boot files.
Option B is incorrect because the command does not initiate a reboot after multiple attempts; instead, it keeps sending out boot requests indefinitely, which is different from a one-time reboot process.
Option C is incorrect as DNS requests are not used to locate a boot image during the iPXE boot process. DHCP requests, on the other hand, are responsible for assigning an IP address to the device and helping it locate the boot server.
Option D is incorrect because the command does not stop booting but rather ensures that the device continues to search for a bootable image until successful.
Thus, A is the correct answer, as the "boot ipxe forever" command keeps the device attempting to boot from the network, continuously trying to get the necessary files from the designated server until the process is successful.
