Juniper JN0-231 Exam Dumps & Practice Test Questions
Question 1:
Which two security features are provided by Juniper SRX Series devices operating in flow-based mode? (Choose 2.)
A. Proxy-based antivirus scanning
B. Stateful packet inspection for IPv4/IPv6 traffic
C. Packet-mode stateless firewall filters
D. NAT (source and destination) services
E. MACsec link-layer encryption
Answer: B, D
Explanation:
Juniper SRX Series devices operating in flow-based mode provide a variety of security features to protect the network. Here's a breakdown of the options:
B. Stateful packet inspection for IPv4/IPv6 traffic: In flow-based mode, SRX devices perform stateful packet inspection (SPI) for both IPv4 and IPv6 traffic. This means that the device tracks the state of active connections and allows or denies traffic based on the state of the connection. It ensures that only legitimate traffic is allowed while preventing unauthorized access. Stateful inspection is a core security feature provided by SRX devices in this mode.
D. NAT (source and destination) services: Network Address Translation (NAT) is another important feature provided in flow-based mode. SRX devices support both source NAT (SNAT) and destination NAT (DNAT) services, which are used for hiding internal IP addresses and translating them to a public address (or vice versa). NAT is a critical service for managing traffic flow in networks, and it is supported in the flow-based mode for efficient handling of address translation.
Now, let's examine the other options:
A. Proxy-based antivirus scanning: Proxy-based antivirus scanning is typically used in proxy-based security modes, not in flow-based mode. In flow-based mode, SRX devices perform security functions like stateful inspection and NAT, but proxy services are not part of this mode.
C. Packet-mode stateless firewall filters: Packet-mode stateless firewall filters are generally part of a packet-based firewall system, which is a different mode compared to flow-based operation. In flow-based mode, the firewall operates with stateful inspection, meaning it tracks the state of connections, while stateless filters do not.
E. MACsec link-layer encryption: MACsec (Media Access Control Security) provides link-layer encryption, but it is not a feature directly associated with the flow-based mode of the Juniper SRX devices. MACsec is more focused on securing data transmission on physical network links, not flow-based security operations.
Thus, B and D are the correct answers because they align with the capabilities of Juniper SRX devices operating in flow-based mode.
Question 2:
In Junos OS security policies, which two match conditions can reference address books defined within a routing instance? (Choose 2.)
A. source-address
B. match-zone
C. destination-port
D. application-set
E. destination-address
Answer: A, E
Explanation:
In Junos OS, security policies are used to control the flow of traffic and can reference address books for determining the source or destination of traffic. Address books are typically defined within a routing instance and used in security policies to match traffic based on addresses. Here's how the match conditions work:
A. source-address: In Junos OS, security policies can reference address books for the source address in a policy rule. The source address could be an IP address or an address book object that defines ranges of IP addresses. When configuring a policy, the source-address condition can be set to match specific addresses from the address book defined within a routing instance, making this condition a valid reference.
E. destination-address: Similarly, the destination-address condition in a security policy can also reference an address book that is defined in a routing instance. This is used to match the destination address of the traffic in the policy, ensuring that the policy applies only to traffic going to specific destinations. This is another common use of address books in Junos OS security policies.
Now, let's review the other options:
B. match-zone: match-zone refers to the security zones configured in Junos OS and is not directly related to address books. Zones are used to group interfaces with similar security requirements. Security policies reference zones to define which traffic is allowed between zones, but this condition does not reference address books.
C. destination-port: destination-port is used to match traffic based on port numbers (such as 80 for HTTP or 443 for HTTPS). While this condition is used in security policies, it does not directly reference address books.
D. application-set: An application-set condition in a security policy is used to match traffic based on the application being used, rather than based on IP addresses. While it is useful for application-level traffic filtering, it does not directly reference address books for source or destination addresses.
Therefore, the correct answers are A (source-address) and E (destination-address), as they directly involve matching address books in security policies within Junos OS.
Question 3:
Which two statements describe security zones on an SRX device? (Choose 2.)
A. Interfaces must belong to a zone for traffic to be processed by the firewall.
B. Traffic between interfaces in the same zone requires an explicit security policy.
C. Zone names are case-insensitive and must be unique per device.
D. Screen options (e.g., SYN-flood protection) are applied at the zone level.
E. A single interface can be a member of multiple zones simultaneously.
Answer: A, D
Explanation:
On Juniper SRX devices, security zones are used to organize network interfaces based on their security requirements. These zones define the boundaries for security policies and traffic filtering. Here's how the different options apply to security zones on the SRX:
A. Interfaces must belong to a zone for traffic to be processed by the firewall:
This is correct. For the SRX device to process traffic, each network interface must be assigned to a security zone. If an interface is not associated with a zone, its traffic will not be processed by the firewall. This is a fundamental concept in configuring firewalls on SRX devices.
D. Screen options (e.g., SYN-flood protection) are applied at the zone level:
This is also correct. Screen options such as SYN-flood protection, which helps protect the network from certain types of denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, are applied at the zone level. This means that screens are applied to traffic entering or leaving a zone, providing a layer of defense before traffic is passed to the firewall for inspection.
Now, let's review the other options:
B. Traffic between interfaces in the same zone requires an explicit security policy:
This is incorrect. Traffic between interfaces within the same zone does not require an explicit security policy. By default, traffic within the same zone is allowed because it is considered trusted. Security policies are generally required for traffic that crosses zones (from one zone to another).
C. Zone names are case-insensitive and must be unique per device:
This is incorrect. Zone names are case-sensitive in Junos OS, meaning "zone1" and "Zone1" would be treated as different zones. Also, while zone names must be unique within the context of a device, they are case-sensitive, so they must be treated with attention to case.
E. A single interface can be a member of multiple zones simultaneously:
This is incorrect. A single interface can only belong to one zone at a time in Junos OS. The design of the SRX firewall assumes that an interface's traffic belongs to a single security zone for appropriate policy enforcement.
Thus, the correct answers are A and D.
Question 4:
Which two Junos CLI commands are used to verify security policy hits and session establishment? (Choose 2.)
A. show security policies hit-count
B. show security flow session
C. show interfaces terse
D. monitor traffic interface
E. show route table inet.0
Answer: A, B
Explanation:
To verify security policy hits and session establishment on Juniper SRX devices, the following Junos CLI commands are useful:
A. show security policies hit-count:
This command displays the hit count for security policies, showing how many times each policy has been triggered. It's useful for understanding which policies are being actively used in the network and which ones are not. This helps with troubleshooting and performance analysis.
B. show security flow session:
This command provides details about the active flow sessions on the device, including information about the sessions established through security policies. It helps you monitor session states, view established connections, and troubleshoot session-related issues, making it critical for session establishment verification.
Now, let's review the other options:
C. show interfaces terse:
This command shows a summary of the interfaces on the device, including their status and IP addresses. While it's useful for general interface status and troubleshooting, it does not provide information on security policy hits or session establishment.
D. monitor traffic interface:
This command allows you to monitor traffic on a specific interface in real-time, displaying packets as they are transmitted. While it is useful for live traffic monitoring, it doesn't provide the specific details related to security policy hits or session establishment.
E. show route table inet.0:
This command shows the routing table for IPv4 traffic (inet.0), which is useful for troubleshooting routing and path selection issues. However, it does not provide insights into security policies or session establishment.
Thus, the correct answers are A and B, as they directly provide the necessary information to verify security policy hits and session establishment.
Question 5:
When configuring static NAT on an SRX device, which two parameters are mandatory? (Choose 2.)
A. from interface (in the security policy)
B. host-inbound-traffic system services
C. rule-set name under security nat static
D. match-direction statement
E. bind-address (translated address)
Answer: C, E
Explanation:
When configuring static NAT (Network Address Translation) on a Juniper SRX device, certain parameters must be defined to properly translate the IP addresses and ensure the configuration functions as expected. Here's a breakdown of the relevant options:
C. rule-set name under security nat static:
This is correct. When configuring static NAT on an SRX device, you must define a rule-set name under the security nat static hierarchy. This rule-set defines the translation rules for static NAT, specifying which internal IP addresses are to be translated to which external IP addresses.
E. bind-address (translated address):
This is also correct. The bind-address parameter specifies the translated address (the external IP address) for the NAT rule. When performing static NAT, you're essentially creating a permanent mapping between an internal IP address and an external IP address, and the bind-address is the external IP address that the internal address will be translated to.
Now, let's review the other options:
A. from interface (in the security policy):
While interfaces are important in firewall policies, they are not mandatory parameters for configuring static NAT itself. The from interface specifies the source interface for a security policy, but it's not required for static NAT configuration, as the primary concern for NAT is the translation of addresses.
B. host-inbound-traffic system services:
This is incorrect in the context of static NAT. The host-inbound-traffic system services command is used to allow inbound traffic to the device itself (for example, for SSH access), but it’s not required for static NAT. Static NAT focuses on translating IP addresses between internal and external systems, not inbound traffic to the SRX device.
D. match-direction statement:
This is not mandatory for static NAT. The match-direction statement is used for more complex scenarios where traffic direction is specified, but it's not required for a basic static NAT configuration.
Thus, the mandatory parameters for static NAT configuration are C (rule-set name) and E (bind-address).
Question 6:
Which two Juniper security services use the integrated IDP/IPS engine on SRX Series devices? (Choose 2.)
A. SSL inspection with JA3 fingerprinting
B. Application identification (AppID) for policy enforcement
C. Advanced anti-malware (Sky ATP) inline scanning
D. Unified threat detection (UTD) signature-based intrusion prevention
E. DDoS Secure connection-tracking analytics
Answer: D, B
Explanation:
The Integrated IDP/IPS (Intrusion Detection and Prevention) engine in Juniper SRX devices is designed to provide advanced threat detection and prevention capabilities. Here’s how the different options apply:
D. Unified threat detection (UTD) signature-based intrusion prevention:
This is correct. Unified Threat Detection (UTD) utilizes the IDP/IPS engine on the SRX to detect and prevent intrusion attempts. It uses signature-based detection to analyze traffic for known attack patterns and take action (such as blocking or alerting) when malicious activity is identified. This is one of the core functions of the IDP/IPS engine, providing intrusion prevention services.
B. Application identification (AppID) for policy enforcement:
This is also correct. AppID (Application Identification) uses the IDP/IPS engine to inspect traffic at the application layer. It identifies applications running on the network and applies security policies based on the specific application rather than just the port or protocol. This helps in fine-tuning policy enforcement and improving security by identifying application-specific threats.
Now, let's review the other options:
A. SSL inspection with JA3 fingerprinting:
This is related to SSL inspection, which is a separate functionality from the IDP/IPS engine. JA3 fingerprinting is used to create a unique identifier for SSL/TLS client connections based on specific attributes of the handshake. While this is a useful security feature, it does not rely on the IDP/IPS engine.
C. Advanced anti-malware (Sky ATP) inline scanning:
While Sky ATP (Advanced Threat Protection) is an important service for malware detection, it is not directly related to the IDP/IPS engine. Sky ATP uses cloud-based threat intelligence to provide proactive malware detection, but it operates separately from the IDP/IPS engine on SRX devices.
E. DDoS Secure connection-tracking analytics:
This is related to DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) protection, which uses specialized algorithms to track and analyze connections for signs of DDoS attacks. While DDoS protection is a critical security feature, it is not part of the IDP/IPS engine; instead, it uses different security mechanisms designed to detect and mitigate DDoS attacks.
Thus, the correct answers are D and B, as they both directly involve the use of the integrated IDP/IPS engine for security purposes.
Question 7:
On Juniper SRX devices, which two log destinations can be configured for security logging without using external syslog servers? (Choose 2.)
A. file system buffer (e.g., /var/log/messages)
B. memory buffer (RAM) log
C. user terminal sessions (interactive CLI)
D. traceoptions packet captures
E. event script custom log stream
Answer: A, B
Explanation:
On Juniper SRX devices, security logs can be sent to various destinations for storage and analysis. Below is the breakdown of the options:
A. file system buffer (e.g., /var/log/messages):
This is correct. Security logs on Juniper SRX devices can be stored on the file system buffer, specifically in log files like /var/log/messages. This is a local storage option that allows logs to be stored on the device itself without the need for external syslog servers. It's an effective way to track logs directly on the SRX for diagnostic and audit purposes.
B. memory buffer (RAM) log:
This is also correct. Logs can be stored in RAM (memory buffer), which provides fast access to recent log data. However, because it's stored in memory, it is volatile and will be lost if the device reboots. It's typically used for temporary storage or high-velocity logs that don't need to be permanently retained.
Now, let’s go through the other options:
C. user terminal sessions (interactive CLI):
While security logs can be displayed in CLI during an interactive session, this is not a persistent log destination. Logs can be viewed interactively, but they are not stored for future reference unless explicitly configured to be logged to a file or buffer. This is not a recommended destination for security logging.
D. traceoptions packet captures:
Traceoptions are used for capturing diagnostic data related to specific traffic or issues and are not typically used for general security logging. While traceoptions are valuable for debugging specific issues, they are not a logging destination for ongoing security logs.
E. event script custom log stream:
Event scripts can generate custom logs based on specific events or conditions, but this is not a standard, built-in logging destination like file system or memory buffers. Event scripts are typically used for automation and response, and while they can log to custom streams, this is more for specialized use cases and not a general-purpose security logging destination.
Thus, the correct answers are A and B, as they represent standard log destinations that don’t require external syslog servers.
Question 8:
Which two statements about Screen options (stateless firewall protection) are true? (Choose 2.)
A. Screen options inspect traffic before stateful policy evaluation.
B. Screen options must be applied to a zone to take effect.
C. Screen options protect only against Layer-7 (application) attacks.
D. SYN flood protection is configured with the syn-flood Screen.
E. Screen options automatically create flow sessions for accepted traffic.
Answer: A, D
Explanation:
Screen options on Juniper SRX devices are a type of stateless firewall protection that can help block specific types of traffic or attacks before the stateful firewall rules are evaluated. Here's the breakdown of the correct options:
A. Screen options inspect traffic before stateful policy evaluation:
This is correct. Screen options perform an initial check on traffic before it is processed by stateful policy rules. They are designed to provide an additional layer of protection by blocking specific types of malicious traffic (such as floods or specific attack types) before it hits the stateful firewall logic, which evaluates connections based on session states.
D. SYN flood protection is configured with the syn-flood Screen:
This is also correct. One of the screen options available on Juniper SRX devices is the syn-flood screen, which is used to mitigate SYN flood attacks. These attacks are a form of DoS (Denial of Service) attack, where the attacker sends a large number of SYN requests to overwhelm the target system. By using the syn-flood screen, the SRX can detect and block these malicious requests at an early stage.
Now, let’s review the incorrect options:
B. Screen options must be applied to a zone to take effect:
This is incorrect. Screen options are applied globally to the system and are not dependent on zones. They provide protection across the device, not just within specific zones. While security policies and rules are zone-based, screen options operate independently of zones.
C. Screen options protect only against Layer-7 (application) attacks:
This is incorrect. Screen options are designed to protect against a variety of traffic-based attacks, including Layer-3 (network) and Layer-4 (transport) attacks, such as SYN floods and ICMP-based attacks. They are not focused solely on Layer-7 (application) attacks, which require other methods like deep packet inspection.
E. Screen options automatically create flow sessions for accepted traffic:
This is incorrect. Screen options do not create flow sessions. Flow sessions are created when traffic is allowed through the stateful firewall, based on session state. Screen options are used to drop malicious traffic early, before any session is created, to prevent such traffic from being processed by the stateful firewall.
Thus, the correct answers are A and D, as they describe key functionalities of screen options in Juniper SRX devices.
Question 9:
Which two protocols are supported for site-to-site VPNs on SRX devices without additional licenses? (Choose 2.)
A. L2TP over IPsec
B. IPsec in route-based mode (st0 interface)
C. SSL VPN (clientless)
D. GRE over IPsec
E. OpenVPN (TLS)
Answer: B, D
Explanation:
Site-to-site VPNs on Juniper SRX devices can be configured using several protocols. The two protocols that do not require additional licenses and are supported natively on SRX devices are:
B. IPsec in route-based mode (st0 interface):
This is correct. IPsec in route-based mode (using the st0 interface) is a standard feature supported on SRX devices without requiring any additional licenses. It allows SRX devices to establish secure VPN connections between two sites by using IPsec tunnels. The route-based configuration allows traffic to be routed through the tunnel based on the IP routing table.
D. GRE over IPsec:
This is also correct. GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) over IPsec is supported on Juniper SRX devices without the need for additional licenses. This configuration is commonly used when the customer needs to encapsulate multiple types of traffic (such as multicast or non-IP protocols) and secure it with IPsec.
Now, let's go through the other options:
A. L2TP over IPsec:
While L2TP over IPsec is supported on Juniper SRX devices, it requires an additional license for configuration. Therefore, it is not applicable for a site-to-site VPN without additional licensing.
C. SSL VPN (clientless):
SSL VPN (clientless) is typically used for remote access VPNs rather than site-to-site VPNs. It requires additional licensing for the clientless SSL VPN feature and is not applicable for site-to-site VPNs.
E. OpenVPN (TLS):
OpenVPN is not supported natively on Juniper SRX devices. Juniper SRX devices support IPsec, SSL, and other VPN protocols, but OpenVPN is not one of them.
Thus, the correct answers are B and D since these are the protocols supported for site-to-site VPNs without the need for additional licenses.
Question 10:
An administrator needs to allow DNS queries from the trust zone to the untrust zone while denying all other traffic. Which two steps are required? (Choose 2.)
A. Create a security policy permitting application dns from trust to untrust.
B. Configure a global permit-all policy and place it after the DNS policy.
C. Apply a dns application or service object in the policy match conditions.
D. Define a global address book entry for the public DNS server.
E. Ensure the default deny-all implicit policy remains at the bottom of the policy list.
Answer: A, C
Explanation:
To allow DNS queries from the trust zone to the untrust zone while denying all other traffic, the following steps are required:
A. Create a security policy permitting application dns from trust to untrust:
This is correct. You need to create a security policy that explicitly permits DNS traffic (using either DNS as an application or the DNS service) from the trust zone to the untrust zone. This policy will allow DNS queries, which typically use port 53, to pass through the firewall from the internal network (trust zone) to external DNS servers (untrust zone).
C. Apply a dns application or service object in the policy match conditions:
This is also correct. In the security policy, you should define the match conditions using the DNS application object or the DNS service (port 53). This ensures that the policy is applied specifically to DNS traffic, allowing it to flow through the firewall.
Now, let’s look at the other options:
B. Configure a global permit-all policy and place it after the DNS policy:
While this might work, it is unnecessary. A global permit-all policy would allow all traffic after the DNS policy, which defeats the purpose of only allowing DNS queries. It's better to explicitly permit DNS traffic and rely on the default deny-all policy to block everything else.
D. Define a global address book entry for the public DNS server:
This step is not required in this case. You don’t need to define a global address book entry for DNS servers because the DNS application object or service port (port 53) will be sufficient to match the DNS traffic. However, if you were explicitly specifying IP addresses, you could define an address book entry.
E. Ensure the default deny-all implicit policy remains at the bottom of the policy list:
This is a standard security practice, but it's not an explicit step needed for this specific configuration. By default, the deny-all policy exists at the bottom of the policy list and will deny all traffic not explicitly allowed by the earlier policies. This step is automatically included unless explicitly modified.
Thus, the correct answers are A and C, as they directly address the required steps to permit DNS traffic while denying other traffic.
