A Closer Look at the Recently Announced Changes to the ACT

The American College Testing (ACT) exam has long stood as one of the foremost standardized tests for college admissions across the United States. For decades, millions of students have relied on the ACT to showcase their academic abilities, competing for limited spots in prestigious colleges and universities. Yet, as education evolves, so too must the tools that evaluate it. In 2024, the ACT organization announced a comprehensive update to the exam set to take effect in 2025. These changes represent a fundamental shift not only in how the test is administered but also in its content, format, and scoring system.

In this first installment of our three-part series, we will explore the major structural updates that form the foundation of this overhaul. Understanding these shifts is critical for students, parents, and educators alike to adapt their preparation strategies and expectations.

The Rationale Behind the Updates

Before diving into the specifics, it’s helpful to understand why the ACT felt the need to make such sweeping changes. Standardized testing has faced increasing scrutiny in recent years, with critiques ranging from cultural biases and stress-inducing formats to debates over whether these exams truly reflect a student’s readiness for college.

Furthermore, the evolving educational landscape—with the rise of digital learning, alternative assessment methods, and new skills demands—has urged test providers to modernize. The ACT updates respond to this context by aiming to create a testing experience that is more relevant, flexible, and equitable.

Key drivers behind the updates include:

• Reducing test anxiety and fatigue by shortening the test duration
  
  
• Increasing flexibility by allowing students to choose which sections to take
  
  
• Aligning scores with specific skills for better interpretation by colleges
  
  
• Incorporating technology through online testing options
  
  
• Improving accessibility for diverse learners and students with disabilities

This background sets the stage for a more detailed examination of the specific changes now rolling out.

Shortened Test Duration and Fewer Questions

Perhaps the most immediate and noticeable change is the reduction in the length of the test. Historically, the ACT has lasted approximately three hours, sometimes stretching to over three hours with breaks included. The updated version trims this duration substantially.

Starting in April 2025, students who take the ACT online will face a test lasting about 125 minutes (just over two hours), a significant decrease from the former 195-minute testing window. By September 2025, this shorter format will apply universally, including Saturday test administrations on paper.

Why this change matters:

• Reduced cognitive fatigue: Long testing sessions can impair focus and performance, particularly for students who may not be accustomed to sustained concentration. A shorter test helps maintain mental sharpness throughout.
  
  
• More efficient assessment: The ACT’s goal is to capture student abilities more precisely in less time, minimizing redundancy without sacrificing rigor.
  
  
• Student well-being: Shorter tests reduce the stress and exhaustion many students report, contributing to a healthier testing environment.

To achieve this, the ACT reduced the total number of questions from about 215 to approximately 170. This change accompanies alterations in the test’s structure and section composition, which we will explore next.

The Science Section Becomes Optional

A transformative development in the ACT update is the optional status of the Science section. Traditionally, the ACT has included four mandatory sections: English, Math, Reading, and Science. The Science section has often been considered the most challenging by many students due to its emphasis on data analysis, scientific reasoning, and interpretation of charts and graphs.

Beginning with the April 2025 administration for online test-takers—and extending to all test formats by September 2025—students will have the choice of whether to include the Science section in their exam. Those opting out will not be penalized, and their Composite scores will be calculated without the Science section.

Implications of this change:

• Greater student agency: Students can focus their efforts on sections that better showcase their strengths or align with their college goals.
  
  
• Simplified Composite score: The new Composite score averages English, Math, and Reading only. This reconfiguration may affect how colleges interpret overall performance.
  
  
• Separate reporting: For students who do take the Science section, separate Science and STEM scores will be reported alongside the Composite score, allowing for more nuanced evaluation of scientific aptitude.
  
  

This flexibility aligns with a broader trend in standardized testing toward modularity, letting students tailor their assessment experience.

Introduction of Online Testing

In recognition of the digital era and to broaden access, the ACT is launching an online testing option beginning April 2025. This option will initially be available at select testing centers nationwide, complementing the traditional paper-and-pencil test.

The online format includes several key features:

• Built-in scientific calculator: Students can use a calculator embedded within the test interface, streamlining the math section.
  
  
• User-friendly digital tools: Features like answer highlighting, strikethroughs, and a timer help students manage their work more efficiently.
  
  
• Enhanced accessibility options: The digital platform supports screen readers, magnifiers, and other accommodations for students with disabilities.

The coexistence of online and paper tests ensures students and schools can choose the format that best suits their needs, comfort levels, and technical resources.

The transition to online testing mirrors shifts in other standardized exams and reflects a long-term vision for modernization.

Changes to the Test Content and Structure

The ACT is not merely shortening the exam or changing its delivery method. Each test section will undergo a thoughtful redesign aimed at improving clarity, relevance, and engagement.

English Section

The number of questions decreases from 75 to 50, with the passages and questions adjusted to better emphasize clarity, style, and grammar concepts relevant to college and career readiness.

New “stems” or guiding prompts accompany each passage, helping students understand exactly what the question asks. This approach reduces ambiguity and aids comprehension.

Math Section

Answer choices shrink from five to four options per question, reducing guesswork. Additionally, the test will lean more heavily into real-world problem-solving scenarios, such as interpreting graphs, statistics, and applied math contexts that students are likely to encounter in college and life.

Reading Section

Passages become shorter, with a higher concentration on data interpretation and visual literacy—skills increasingly important in a media-rich, information-driven world. Students will analyze charts, infographics, and other visuals integrated into reading comprehension tasks.

Science Section

For those who choose to take it, the Science section remains a test of critical thinking and data analysis. The focus shifts slightly toward STEM-related reasoning and less on rote memorization of scientific facts.

Writing Section (Optional)

The essay prompt will emphasize analytical reasoning and argumentative clarity, aligning better with college-level writing expectations. Though still optional, the writing section will continue to be a valuable component for students applying to schools that require or recommend it.

Revised Scoring Model

With the Science section becoming optional, the ACT’s scoring methodology is also evolving. The Composite score, long based on averaging the four sections, will now reflect only English, Math, and Reading.

Students who include the Science test will receive separate Science and STEM scores in addition to their Composite score. This allows admissions officers to differentiate between general academic preparedness and specific scientific skills.

The updated scoring system aims to be more transparent and reflective of a student’s strengths, supporting better-informed admission decisions.

Accessibility and Accommodations

The transition to online testing offers new possibilities for enhancing accessibility. The digital platform will incorporate features such as:

• Text-to-speech and screen reader compatibility
  
  
• Adjustable font sizes and color contrasts
  
  
• Answer masking to reduce distractions
  
  
• Keyboard navigation and alternative input options

These improvements address long-standing concerns about equity and inclusivity, allowing students with disabilities to engage with the exam more comfortably and fairly.

Timeline for Implementation

The new ACT will be phased in across several test windows:

• April 2025: Online testing launches, featuring the shorter exam and optional Science section for those who test online.
  
  
• September 2025: All students taking the ACT on traditional Saturday dates, regardless of format, will encounter the new test structure and scoring.
  
  
• Spring 2026: Schools and districts administering the ACT for state testing will begin to implement the updated version.

This staged approach ensures a smooth transition, giving all stakeholders time to adjust.

The ACT updates announced for 2025 represent a decisive step toward modernizing one of America’s most important college admissions tools. By shortening the exam, introducing an optional Science section, offering online testing, and revising content and scoring, the ACT organization is responding to decades of feedback and evolving educational needs.

For students, these changes promise a more manageable, flexible testing experience. For educators and parents, they signal a shift toward assessments that better mirror real-world skills and reduce unnecessary stress.

we will dive deeper into the section-by-section changes, offering detailed analysis and advice on how to prepare under the new format.

Deep Dive Into the Section-by-Section Changes of the Updated ACT

Following the overview of the major structural changes to the ACT in our first installment, Part 2 of this series focuses on a detailed examination of each section of the updated exam. Understanding these changes will equip students, parents, and educators to tailor their study plans more effectively and approach the new ACT with confidence.

We’ll analyze the content, question types, and skills emphasized in the revamped English, Math, Reading, Science, and Writing sections. This granular breakdown will reveal how the ACT is evolving to better measure college readiness while reducing student stress and testing time.

English Section: Emphasis on Clarity and Style

The English section traditionally assesses grammar, punctuation, sentence structure, and rhetorical skills across several passages. The updated ACT English section continues this focus but implements several notable changes:

Reduced Number of Questions and Streamlined Passages

The question count drops from 75 to 50, paired with shorter passages. This condensing aims to cut down test fatigue without sacrificing content coverage. The passages are also curated to be more relevant to real-world writing contexts students might encounter in college and careers.

Introduction of Stems for Each Question

Each question is now preceded by a “stem” or guiding phrase that explicitly frames the query. For example, instead of just presenting answer choices, the stem may clarify, “Choose the best way to combine the two sentences.” This helps students understand exactly what skill is being tested, reducing ambiguity and misinterpretation.

Focus on Rhetorical Skills and Clarity

There is a greater emphasis on clarity, conciseness, and effective communication. Questions test the ability to improve sentence flow, maintain tone consistency, and organize ideas logically. This aligns the test with modern writing expectations in academic and professional settings.

Grammar and Usage Are Still Key

While rhetorical skills receive more focus, grammar, punctuation, and usage rules remain foundational. Students should be comfortable with subject-verb agreement, comma rules, verb tenses, and parallelism.

Preparation Strategies for English

• Practice recognizing and revising unclear or wordy sentences.
  
  
• Review common grammar and punctuation rules thoroughly.
  
  
• Work on identifying the purpose and tone of paragraphs to answer rhetorical questions.
  
  
• Use practice questions that include stems for better familiarity.

Math Section: Real-World Application and Streamlined Answers

The Math section has always been a critical component of the ACT, testing algebra, geometry, and trigonometry skills. The update introduces subtle but meaningful changes:

Shorter Section with Fewer Questions

The number of math questions decreases from 60 to around 45. This reduction, combined with the shorter overall test time, creates a more focused math assessment.

Four Answer Choices Instead of Five

Answer choices shrink from five options to four. This change reduces guesswork and streamlines the decision-making process.

Increased Emphasis on Applied Problem Solving

The math section now leans more heavily into real-world applications, requiring students to interpret graphs, work with statistics, and solve word problems grounded in practical scenarios. This adjustment reflects the skills colleges expect in STEM and social sciences.

Calculator Usage

The online version provides an embedded scientific calculator, and students can still use approved calculators for the paper test. Understanding when and how to use calculators efficiently remains essential.

Key Topics to Master

• Algebra: linear equations, inequalities, and systems of equations
  
  
• Geometry: properties of shapes, coordinate geometry
  
  
• Trigonometry: basic functions and identities
  
  
• Statistics and probability: interpreting data, averages, and variability
  
  
• Real-world applications: word problems and data interpretation

Preparation Tips for Math

• Focus on solving multi-step problems with real-world contexts.
  
  
• Practice interpreting data presented in tables, charts, and graphs.
  
  
• Hone calculator skills to maximize speed and accuracy.
  
  
• Review foundational algebra and geometry concepts thoroughly.

Reading Section: A Shift Toward Data Interpretation and Visual Literacy

The Reading section measures comprehension and critical analysis of texts. The updated ACT Reading section introduces several important modifications:

Shorter Passages with More Visuals

Passages are shorter overall but frequently incorporate visuals such as charts, graphs, and infographics. This trend acknowledges the increasing role of visual data in academic and everyday reading.

Questions Focused on Analytical Thinking

Instead of solely testing recall or literal comprehension, the updated questions often require students to analyze how information is presented, synthesize data from multiple sources, or interpret the implications of visual elements.

Fewer Questions, Same Time Limit

Though the question count decreases from 40 to 30, the time remains about 35 minutes, allowing students more time per question to think critically.

Balanced Range of Passage Types

The test retains a balance of narrative, social science, humanities, and natural science passages but with added emphasis on evaluating evidence and arguments presented visually and textually.

Preparation Approaches for Reading

• Practice interpreting graphs and infographics within reading passages.
  
  
• Develop skills to identify an author’s tone, purpose, and argument structure.
  
  
• Work on synthesizing information from multiple sources.
  
  
• Build vocabulary through diverse reading materials to aid comprehension.

Science Section: Now Optional but Still Vital for STEM

With the Science section becoming optional, its role and format evolve:

Optional Status and Separate Reporting

Students can now choose to skip the Science section. Those who take it receive a separate Science score and an additional STEM score reflecting combined Math and Science performance.

Focus on Scientific Reasoning and Data Interpretation

The section continues to test students’ abilities to interpret graphs, tables, and experimental results across biology, chemistry, physics, and Earth sciences.

Less Memorization, More Critical Thinking

Questions emphasize analyzing hypotheses, understanding experimental design, and drawing conclusions from evidence rather than rote scientific facts.

Preparing for the Science Section

• Hone skills in interpreting charts, graphs, and experimental setups.
  
  
• Practice analyzing scientific arguments and drawing logical inferences.
  
  
• Review key concepts in biology, chemistry, physics, and Earth sciences to provide context.
  
  
• Develop time management strategies to handle data-heavy questions efficiently.

Writing Section: Optional but Reflective of College-Level Expectations

The essay component remains optional but is often required or recommended by selective institutions. The updated Writing section places greater focus on analytical writing skills.

Emphasis on Argumentation and Reasoning

The prompt now asks students to analyze a given issue or argument and respond with clear reasoning supported by examples.

Integration With Other Sections

Although separate, the Writing section complements skills tested elsewhere, such as critical reading and clear expression, making it an important component for holistic assessment.

Tips for Success in Writing

• Practice constructing clear, coherent essays with a defined thesis and supporting evidence.
  
  
• Work on organizing ideas logically and using varied sentence structures.
  
  
• Develop skills in analyzing prompts critically and planning responses quickly.

How These Changes Affect Test Preparation

The redesigned ACT places a premium on clarity, real-world applications, and critical thinking while offering greater flexibility and reducing test fatigue. This requires students and educators to adjust traditional preparation methods.

Greater Focus on Skills Over Memorization

The ACT moves away from testing isolated facts toward assessing reasoning, data literacy, and communication skills essential for college success.

Need for Adaptive Study Plans

Given the shorter test length and optional Science and Writing sections, students should craft personalized study plans based on their strengths, college requirements, and goals.

Leveraging Online Testing Features

Students opting for the online test should familiarize themselves with digital tools, such as highlighting, timers, and embedded calculators, which can enhance performance if used strategically.

Importance of Practice With Updated Formats

Using practice materials aligned with the new test format and question styles is crucial for building confidence and mastery.

Impact on College Admissions and Interpretation

Colleges will receive Composite scores based on English, Math, and Reading, with optional Science and Writing scores reported separately. Admissions officers will need to recalibrate how they interpret these new score profiles.

Some institutions may place increased emphasis on the STEM score or require the Writing section, while others may focus primarily on the three-section Composite. Transparency in score reporting aims to improve fairness and clarity in evaluating applicants.

The ACT’s 2025 updates represent a thoughtful recalibration of one of the nation’s primary college admissions exams. By dissecting the changes to each section, students and educators gain a roadmap for effective preparation.

The shift toward shorter, clearer, and more flexible testing, combined with a greater emphasis on real-world skills, reflects the evolving demands of higher education. With tailored strategies and updated resources, students can navigate this transition confidently.

we will explore expert tips, best practices, and resources to prepare effectively for the new ACT, ensuring students maximize their potential under the revised format.

Expert Tips and Strategies for Mastering the Updated ACT

As we conclude this three-part series, Part 3 focuses on actionable advice, study techniques, and recommended resources to help students succeed on the updated ACT exam. With the significant changes to structure, content, and format explained in Parts 1 and 2, adapting preparation approaches is essential.

This installment provides a roadmap for students, educators, and parents to optimize study time, build confidence, and perform well on test day.

Understanding the New Test Format Thoroughly

Before diving into specific strategies, it’s crucial to familiarize yourself completely with the updated ACT format. Knowing what to expect reduces anxiety and enables more efficient preparation.

Review Official Resources

The ACT organization has released sample questions, practice tests, and detailed descriptions of the changes. Reviewing these materials helps students acclimate to the new question styles, timing, and digital interface if taking the online version.

Simulate Test Conditions

Taking full-length, timed practice tests under realistic conditions is vital. Whether online or paper-based, simulations help develop pacing, stamina, and familiarity with instructions.

Analyze Performance Carefully

After practice tests, review mistakes thoroughly. Understanding why errors occur—whether due to content gaps, careless mistakes, or timing pressure—guides targeted study.

Tailored Study Plans for Each Section

The redesigned ACT calls for focused preparation customized to each test section’s nuances. Below are targeted strategies to maximize improvement.

English Section Strategies

The English section’s new emphasis on clarity and rhetorical skills requires a shift in preparation focus.

Practice Clarity and Conciseness

Work on exercises that ask you to revise sentences for clarity, reduce redundancy, and improve flow. Editing paragraphs for tone consistency is also helpful.

Master Grammar Fundamentals

Although rhetorical skills are emphasized, grammar rules remain fundamental. Use grammar drills focusing on common trouble spots like comma usage, subject-verb agreement, and parallel structure.

Use Practice Questions With Stems

Because the updated test uses question stems, practice with materials that replicate this format. This improves comprehension of what each question asks.

Read Actively

Read passages carefully to understand the author’s purpose, tone, and logical flow. This skill helps answer rhetorical questions accurately.

Math Section Strategies

The updated Math section’s focus on real-world applications and reduced questions means precision and application skills are critical.

Strengthen Algebra and Geometry Basics

Ensure fluency in solving equations, understanding shapes, and coordinate geometry. These foundational skills support tackling applied problems.

Practice Data Interpretation

Since interpreting graphs, tables, and statistics is emphasized, regularly work with data sets and practice drawing conclusions.

Improve Calculator Use

Familiarize yourself with your calculator’s functions to perform calculations efficiently. Practice deciding when calculator use is advantageous.

Work on Word Problems

Many math questions are embedded in real-world contexts. Practice translating verbal descriptions into equations and problem-solving step by step.

Reading Section Strategies

Reading now incorporates more visuals and requires deeper analytical skills.

Interpret Visuals

Work with practice passages that include charts, graphs, and infographics. Develop skills in synthesizing visual and textual information.

Analyze Author’s Argument

Practice identifying tone, purpose, and logical structure in passages. Summarize main ideas and distinguish fact from opinion.

Build Vocabulary

A wide vocabulary aids comprehension. Read diverse materials, noting unfamiliar words and learning their meanings and usage.

Practice Timing

With fewer questions but the same time limit, use practice tests to find a comfortable pace that allows reflection on analytical questions.

Science Section Strategies

Though optional, the Science section remains important for many students, especially those targeting STEM fields.

Focus on Data and Experimental Reasoning

Practice interpreting scientific experiments, graphs, and tables. Identify variables, hypotheses, and conclusions clearly.

Review Basic Science Concepts

While memorization is less emphasized, having a grasp of foundational biology, chemistry, physics, and Earth science aids understanding.

Develop Critical Thinking

Work on evaluating scientific arguments, spotting flaws, and inferring results beyond literal reading.

Manage Time Well

The Science section can be data-heavy. Practice prioritizing questions and using efficient strategies to avoid spending too long on any one item.

Writing Section Strategies

The optional essay tests analytical writing and reasoning skills.

Understand the Prompt

Learn to quickly analyze prompts, identifying the issue and what kind of response is expected.

Plan Before Writing

Spend a few minutes outlining your essay, deciding on your thesis and key points.

Use Clear Structure

Organize essays with an introduction, body paragraphs supporting your argument, and a conclusion.

Support Arguments With Examples

Use relevant, specific examples to strengthen your points.

Practice Writing Under Time Constraints

Simulate essay writing within the allotted time to improve pacing and clarity.

Utilizing Online Testing Features Effectively

Many students will opt for the new online ACT version, which comes with digital tools.

Familiarize With the Interface

Practice using the online platform to navigate questions, mark items, and highlight text.

Use Digital Tools Wisely

Use the embedded calculator, highlight key passage parts, and monitor your timer to manage pacing.

Minimize Technical Issues

Ensure your device and internet connection meet requirements. Practice with sample online tests to troubleshoot.

Managing Test Anxiety and Building Confidence

Adapting to a new exam format can be stressful. Managing mindset and stress levels is as important as academic preparation.

Develop a Consistent Routine

Regular study schedules, exercise, and adequate sleep improve focus and reduce anxiety.

Practice Mindfulness and Relaxation Techniques

Techniques like deep breathing, meditation, and visualization help maintain calm on test day.

Focus on Progress, Not Perfection

Track improvement over time to build confidence rather than stressing about occasional mistakes.

Simulate Test Day Conditions

Practicing in a quiet environment with timed tests prepares students mentally and physically.

Recommended Resources for the Updated ACT

To prepare effectively, use materials aligned with the updated ACT format.

Official ACT Practice Tests and Guides

The ACT organization provides official practice materials that mirror the new format and question styles.

Online Prep Platforms

Many online prep services have updated their content to reflect the changes. Look for interactive tools, video lessons, and adaptive quizzes.

Tutoring and Group Classes

Consider professional tutoring or group courses specializing in the new ACT format for personalized guidance.

Reading and Math Workbooks

Choose up-to-date workbooks that incorporate the latest question types and focus areas.

Free Online Resources

Websites, forums, and YouTube channels often offer free tips and practice aligned with the update.

How Educators Can Support Students

Teachers and counselors play a pivotal role in helping students navigate the ACT changes.

Update Curriculum and Practice Materials

Incorporate the new question types and formats into classroom practice.

Provide Clear Explanations of Changes

Help students understand why the test changed and how to adjust strategies.

Offer Targeted Skill-Building

Focus on areas emphasized in the new test, such as data interpretation, rhetorical skills, and scientific reasoning.

Encourage Use of Official Resources

Guide students to reliable materials and practice tests to build familiarity.

Final Thoughts:

The updated ACT reflects a significant evolution in standardized testing, aiming to better assess skills vital for success in college and beyond. While changes may seem daunting, they also offer opportunities for students to demonstrate their abilities in new and meaningful ways.

With informed preparation, strategic study, and the right mindset, students can confidently face the new ACT and leverage it as a springboard to their academic futures.

This concludes our comprehensive three-part explainer series on the ACT updates. If you have any questions or want personalized advice on preparing for the new ACT, feel free to ask!